Patients who complete neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer without a pathological complete response have a high risk of relapse. A randomized trial comparing capecitabine with no additional ...adjuvant therapy showed that capecitabine prolonged disease-free and overall survival.
Patients who have residual invasive breast cancer after the receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a high risk of relapse.
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The rate of complete response as assessed on pathological testing (hereafter, pathological complete response) ranges from 13 to 22% among patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative primary breast cancer.
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Patients who do not have a pathological complete response after the receipt of neoadjuvant taxane and anthracycline chemotherapy have a 20 to 30% risk of relapse.
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Patients with HER2-negative cancer who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy often receive postoperative radiation therapy, whereas endocrine therapy is administered to patients with hormone-receptor–positive disease . . .
•Electronic states of FePc ultrathin films are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.•Molecular orientations of FePc ultrathin films are investigated using X-ray absorption ...spectroscopy.•Interaction of FePc ultrathin films with water molecules are investigated.•The growth and reactivity of FePc ultrathin films on bismuth-covered silicon surfaces are investigated.•Dissociative adsorption of water on FePc ultrathin films is suggested based on the experimental results and theoretical calculations.
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In this study, the electronic states of iron phthalocyanine thin films grown on a bismuth-covered silicon surface were investigated using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. The effect of water exposure on the electronic states was analyzed up to the pressure in the near ambient regime. The observed changes in the work function and the C 1s core level unambiguously suggested that water molecules weakly interact with the iron phthalocyanine thin films. Based on theoretical calculations, it was deduced that water should dissociate on the films to produce OH− species.
•This ESO-ESMO ABC 5 Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations for managing advanced breast cancer patients.•It provides updates on managing patients with all breast cancer subtypes, ...LABC, follow-up, palliative and supportive care.•Updated diagnostic and treatment algorithms are also provided.•All recommendations were compiled by a multidisciplinary group of international experts.•Recommendations are based on available clinical evidence and the collective expert opinion of the authors.
Two PDZ-domain-containing adapter-like proteins, PAR-3 and PAR-6, and a protein kinase, atypical protein kinase C (PKC), cooperate together to establish cell polarity in a variety of biological ...contexts. These include asymmetric cell division in early
Caenorhabditis elegans embryo and
Drosophila neuroblasts, as well as the establishment and maintenance of apical–basal polarity in
Drosophila and mammalian epithelial cells. Recent studies on the role of this PAR–aPKC complex in epithelial cell polarization provide new insights into the molecular basis of epithelial junctional formation and cell polarity.
A quick and easy method to detect Fusobacterium species has been developed to utilize magnetic nanoparticles' magnetic response and is applied by switching magnetic fields. The bacterium can be ...detected without the washing process. The magnetic nanoparticles and Fusobacterium species are bound by an antigen-antibody reaction and aggregated into a spherical shape using a needle-shaped magnetic yoke. The aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles improves the signal-to-noise ratio to detect the bacterium. We report that a clear tendency for the concentration of Fusobacterium nucleatum can be derived by analyzing the amount of reverse magnetization and the correlation coefficient of a waveform, as well as checking the principal component analysis. This analysis is useful for an accurate evaluation of the antigen. Specific detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum was demonstrated through the cross-reaction using Candida albicans . The optical density (OD) sensitivity value was around 10 −4 -10 −3 .
Objective To determine whether in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic screening (IVF/PGS) is cost effective compared with expectant management in achieving live birth for patients with ...unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Design Decision analytic model comparing costs and clinical outcomes. Setting Academic recurrent pregnancy loss programs. Patient(s) Women with unexplained RPL. Intervention(s) IVF/PGS with 24-chromosome screening and expectant management. Main Outcomes Measure(s) Cost per live birth. Result(s) The IVF/PGS strategy had a live-birth rate of 53% and a clinical miscarriage rate of 7%. Expectant management had a live-birth rate of 67% and clinical miscarriage rate of 24%. The IVF/PGS strategy was 100-fold more expensive, costing $45,300 per live birth compared with $418 per live birth with expectant management. Conclusion(s) In this model, IVF/PGS was not a cost-effective strategy for increasing live birth. Furthermore, the live-birth rate with IVF/PGS needs to be 91% to be cost effective compared with expectant management.
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