The phylogenetic relationships among isolates of the
Saprolegnia diclina–Saprolegnia parasitica complex were investigated based on ITS rDNA sequences, and correlated with morphological and ...physiological characters. The isolates studied belong to five phylogenetically separate clades. The majority of presumed parasitic isolates, mostly isolated from fish lesions, fell within a clade that comprises isolates which has been variously named as
S. diclina Type 1,
S. parasitica, Saprolegnia salmonis or just as unnamed
Saprolegnia sp. Presence of bundles of long-hooked hairs on secondary cysts, high frequency of retracted germination, and oogonia production at 7
°C (when occurring) were characteristic of this clade. A single isolate identified as
S. diclina Type 2 clustered in a clade along with
Saprolegnia ferax isolates. The isolates identified as
S. diclina s. str. (
S. diclina Type 3) distributed in two clades and appeared closely related to
Saprolegnia multispora and to a number of Chilean isolates identified as
Saprolegnia australis. The ITS sequences of clade I were almost identical even though the isolates were of diverse geographical origins and showed physiological and morphological differences and variations in their pathogenicity. This suggest these species reproduces clonally even in apparently sexually competent isolates. Adaptation to parasitism in
Saprolegnia might have occurred at spore level by the development of long-hooked hairs to facilitate host attachment and selection of a retracting germination. The use of the name
S. parasitica should be assigned to isolates of clade I that contained isolates forming cysts with bundles of long-hooked hairs.
Plasmalogens are glycerophospholipids with a hallmark
-1 vinyl ether bond. These lipids are found in animals and some bacteria and have proposed membrane organization, signaling, and antioxidant ...roles. We discovered the plasmanylethanolamine desaturase activity that is essential for vinyl ether bond formation in a bacterial enzyme, CarF, which is a homolog of the human enzyme TMEM189. CarF mediates light-induced carotenogenesis in
, and plasmalogens participate in sensing photooxidative stress through singlet oxygen. TMEM189 and other animal homologs could functionally replace CarF in
, and knockout of TMEM189 in a human cell line eliminated plasmalogens. Discovery of the human plasmanylethanolamine desaturase will spur further study of plasmalogen biogenesis, functions, and roles in disease.
The high prevalence of drug addiction is a major health challenge that pressures healthcare systems to respond with cost-effective treatments. To improve the treatment success of drug-dependent ...patients, it is necessary to identify the main associated risk factors for dropping out of treatment. Previous research shows disparate results due to the wide variety of approaches employed, the different and/or poorly defined metrics used, and the different target populations under study. This article presents the design and selection of a predictive model to estimate success of inpatient cocaine treatment based on a high-dimensional heterogeneous set of characteristics, with the aim of learning new associations between independent characteristics. We evaluated different feature selection techniques and machine learning algorithms to design the best predictive model in terms of accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, recall, specificity, F1-score, and Matthews correlation coefficient. Random Forest was the top-performing model with a characteristic set consisting of 11 features selected with a wrapper evaluator and the Best First algorithm, achieving 82% accuracy, 0.81 of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.96 of recall, 0.47 of specificity, 0.89 of F1-measure and 0.53 of Matthews correlation coefficient. The predictive model's performance was enhanced by combining multiple dimensions with variables referring to previous treatments, mental exploration, cognitive functioning, personality, consumption habits, and pharmacological treatment. We have refined the use of machine learning techniques to predict drug addiction treatment success, which could represent a new step in treatment management especially when included in clinical decision support systems.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. About one-third of cancer deaths are due to the five main dietary and behavioral risk ...factors. Patients who manage and adopt healthy lifestyles report improved quality of life, reduced treatment toxicity and fatigue, and a possible reduction in the risk of relapse. ALIBIRD2020-CM is a multidisciplinary consortium whose main objective is to apply precision nutrition to improve the prognosis of cancer patients. To achieve this aim, we designed and developed an mHealth platform to empower patients and to support clinical decision-making during the cancer treatment and follow-up phases. We conducted an interventional clinical study with 20 patients with advanced thoracic cancer to validate and evaluate the mHealth platform and its applications. Preliminary results reflect a high level of usability, acceptance, and satisfaction scores in response to meeting the needs of patients and health care professionals. Monitoring clinical variables and their processing on the platform enabled health care professionals to carry out clinical and therapeutic actions, such as detecting progression, bringing forward appointments, therapeutic adjustments, and referrals to specialists. These results suggest that the ALIBIRD mHealth platform is a useful digital health solution, both for cancer patient empowerment and support, and for clinicians to monitor the disease and facilitate clinical decision-making more closely.
Healthy diet and regular physical activity are powerful tools in reducing diabetes and cardiometabolic risk. Various international scientific and health organizations have advocated the use of new ...technologies to solve these problems. The PREDIRCAM project explores the contribution that a technological system could offer for the continuous monitoring of lifestyle habits and individualized treatment of obesity as well as cardiometabolic risk prevention.
PREDIRCAM is a technological platform for patients and professionals designed to improve the effectiveness of lifestyle behavior modifications through the intensive use of the latest information and communication technologies. The platform consists of a web-based application providing communication interface with monitoring devices of physiological variables, application for monitoring dietary intake, ad hoc electronic medical records, different communication channels, and an intelligent notification system. A 2-week feasibility study was conducted in 15 volunteers to assess the viability of the platform.
The website received 244 visits (average time/session: 17 min 45 s). A total of 435 dietary intakes were recorded (average time for each intake registration, 4 min 42 s ± 2 min 30 s), 59 exercises were recorded in 20 heart rate monitor downloads, 43 topics were discussed through a forum, and 11 of the 15 volunteers expressed a favorable opinion toward the platform. Food intake recording was reported as the most laborious task. Ten of the volunteers considered long-term use of the platform to be feasible.
The PREDIRCAM platform is technically ready for clinical evaluation. Training is required to use the platform and, in particular, for registration of dietary food intake.
El osteoma osteoide es una lesión ósea benigna que, habitualmente, se acompaña de clínica típica caracterizada por dolor nocturno que mejora con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. Aunque la ...presentación clínica es típica, con frecuencia, es común la demora diagnóstica, en especial, en los casos con localización atípica. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 10 años con dolor en la muñeca izquierda de dos años de evolución con diagnóstico de osteoma osteoide localizado en el hueso grande del carpo. La localización atípica.
Background:
Healthy diet and regular physical activity are powerful tools in reducing diabetes and cardiometabolic risk. Various international scientific and health organizations have advocated the ...use of new technologies to solve these problems. The PREDIRCAM project explores the contribution that a technological system could offer for the continuous monitoring of lifestyle habits and individualized treatment of obesity as well as cardiometabolic risk prevention.
Methods:
PREDIRCAM is a technological platform for patients and professionals designed to improve the effectiveness of lifestyle behavior modifications through the intensive use of the latest information and communication technologies. The platform consists of a web-based application providing communication interface with monitoring devices of physiological variables, application for monitoring dietary intake, ad hoc electronic medical records, different communication channels, and an intelligent notification system. A 2-week feasibility study was conducted in 15 volunteers to assess the viability of the platform.
Results:
The website received 244 visits (average time/session: 17 min 45 s). A total of 435 dietary intakes were recorded (average time for each intake registration, 4 min 42 s ± 2 min 30 s), 59 exercises were recorded in 20 heart rate monitor downloads, 43 topics were discussed through a forum, and 11 of the 15 volunteers expressed a favorable opinion toward the platform. Food intake recording was reported as the most laborious task. Ten of the volunteers considered long-term use of the platform to be feasible.
Conclusions:
The PREDIRCAM platform is technically ready for clinical evaluation. Training is required to use the platform and, in particular, for registration of dietary food intake.
Se realizó un estudio experimental con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de un entrenamiento observacional con y sin descripciones en una prueba de transferencia extradimensional. Se utilizaron dos ...dominios, uno para el entrenamiento y otro para la prueba contrabalanceando el orden de presentación. Los arreglos de igualación de la muestra de segundo orden se armaron utilizando pinturas como instancias considerando uno de los dos dominios: por técnica (cómo se representa lo pintado) o por temática (qué se representa en la pintura). En la prueba, los participantes tuvieron que armar un arreglo de igualación a partir de las mismas instancias de entrenamiento pero considerando ahora el dominio no entrenado. El desempeño en la prueba fue evaluado de manera cualitativa (al reconstruir la ejecución de los participantes en tiempo real) y cuantitativa (al estimar el número de ensayos que se armaron de manera congruente con el nuevo criterio de igualación). Los participantes que describieron tuvieron mejor desempeño en la prueba que quienes no verbalizaron de manera explícita los criterios de igualación. La construcción de ensayos a partir de un criterio de igualación nuevo parece ser una tarea de ajuste categorial pertinente en el estudio de la conducta sustitutiva referencial.
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