The existence of Campylobacter and Salmonella reservoirs in wildlife is a potential hazard to animal and human health; however, the prevalence of these species is largely unknown. Until now, only a ...few studies have evaluated the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in wild griffon vultures and based on a small number of birds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in wild griffon vultures (n = 97) during the normal ringing programme at the Cinctorres Observatory in Eastern Spain. In addition, the effect of ages of individuals (juveniles, subadult and adult) on the presence were compared. Campylobacter was isolated from 1 of 97 (1.0%) griffon vultures and identified as C. jejuni. Salmonella was isolated from 51 of 97 (52.6%) griffon vultures. No significant differences were found between the ages of individuals for the presence of Salmonella. Serotyping revealed 6 different serovars among two Salmonella enterica subspecies; S. enterica subsp. enterica (n = 49, 96.1%) and S. enterica subsp. salamae (n = 2, 3.9%). No more than one serovar was isolated per individual. The serovars isolated were S. Typhimurium (n = 42, 82.3%), S. Rissen (n = 4, 7.8%), S. Senftenberg (n = 3, 5.9%) and S. 4,12:b- (n = 2, 3.9%). Our results imply that wild griffon vultures are a risk factor for Salmonella transmission, but do not seem to be a reservoir for Campylobacter. We therefore rule out vultures as a risk factor for human campylobacteriosis. Nevertheless, further studies should be undertaken in other countries to confirm these results.
Alterations in blood pressure and components of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) contribute to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), resulting in changes that can lead or ...contribute to cognitive decline. Aspartyl aminopeptidase (ASAP), aminopeptidase A (APA), aminopeptidase N (APN) and aminopeptidase B (APB) catabolise circulating angiotensins, whereas insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) has been described as the AT4 receptor. We have found in AD patients a significant decrease of APA activity in men but not in women, and of APN, APB and IRAP in both genders, when compared with control subjects. No changes were found in ASAP activity. Also, APN, APB and IRAP but not APA correlated with the Mini–Mental test, but no relationship with APOE genotype was found. We conclude that several components of the RAS are modified in AD patients, with gender differences. Furthermore, ROC analysis indicates that APN, APB and IRAP activities could be useful non-invasive biomarkers of AD from the earliest stages.
•Blood pressure and the renin–angiotensin system are related to Alzheimer's disease.•Several aminopeptidases catabolise circulating angiotensins and are modified in patients.•Changes in renin–angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidases show gender differences.•Aminopeptidases are non-invasive biomarkers of the disease from the earliest stages.
The existence of Campylobacter and Salmonella reservoirs in wildlife is a potential hazard to animal and human health; however, the prevalence of these species is largely unknown. Until now, only a ...few studies have evaluated the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in wild griffon vultures and based on a small number of birds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in wild griffon vultures (n = 97) during the normal ringing programme at the Cinctorres Observatory in Eastern Spain. In addition, the effect of ages of individuals (juveniles, subadult and adult) on the presence were compared. Campylobacter was isolated from 1 of 97 (1.0%) griffon vultures and identified as C. jejuni. Salmonella was isolated from 51 of 97 (52.6%) griffon vultures. No significant differences were found between the ages of individuals for the presence of Salmonella. Serotyping revealed 6 different serovars among two Salmonella enterica subspecies; S. enterica subsp. enterica (n = 49, 96.1%) and S. enterica subsp. salamae (n = 2, 3.9%). No more than one serovar was isolated per individual. The serovars isolated were S. Typhimurium (n = 42, 82.3%), S. Rissen (n = 4, 7.8%), S. Senftenberg (n = 3, 5.9%) and S. 4,12:b- (n = 2, 3.9%). Our results imply that wild griffon vultures are a risk factor for Salmonella transmission, but do not seem to be a reservoir for Campylobacter. We therefore rule out vultures as a risk factor for human campylobacteriosis. Nevertheless, further studies should be undertaken in other countries to confirm these results.
Background: The clinical relevance of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE remains uncertain. We estimated the incidence ...rates and mortality of VTE recurrences developing after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted between March 25, 2020, and July 26, 2023, including patients who had discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of therapy. All patients from the registry were analyzed during the study period to verify inclusion criteria. Patients with superficial vein thrombosis, those who did not receive at least 3 months of anticoagulant therapy, and those who were followed for less than 15 days after discontinuing anticoagulation were excluded. Outcomes were: 1) Incidence rates of symptomatic VTE recurrences, and 2) fatal PE. The rate of VTE recurrences was defined as the number of patients with recurrent VTE divided by the patient-years at risk of recurrent VTE during the period when anticoagulation was discontinued. Findings: Among 1106 patients with COVID-19-associated VTE (age 62.3 ± 14.4 years; 62.9% male) followed-up for 12.5 months (p25-75, 6.3–20.1) after discontinuing anticoagulation, there were 38 VTE recurrences (3.5%, 95% confidence interval CI: 2.5–4.7%), with a rate of 3.1 per 100 patient-years (95% CI: 2.2–4.2). No patient died of recurrent PE (0%, 95% CI: 0–7.6%). Subgroup analyses showed that patients with diagnosis in 2021–2022 (vs. 2020) (Hazard ratio HR 2.86; 95% CI 1.45–5.68) or those with isolated deep vein thrombosis (vs. pulmonary embolism) (HR 2.31; 95% CI 1.19–4.49) had significantly higher rates of VTE recurrences. Interpretation: In patients with COVID-19-associated VTE who discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of treatment, the incidence rate of recurrent VTE and the case-fatality rate was low. Therefore, it conceivable that long-term anticoagulation may not be required for many patients with COVID-19-associated VTE, although further research is needed to confirm these findings. Funding: Sanofi and Rovi, Sanofi Spain.
Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas de pacientes con patología pleural y que fueron sometidos a toracoscopia en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: Se ...trató de un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en pacientes adultos, ingresados al Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo con patología pleural que ameritaron la realización de una toracoscopia, ya sea como primera elección en el tratamiento de su patología o como una opción terapéutica frente al fracaso de la toracostomía, durante el período comprendido entre los años 2013 y 2017, se analizaron los datos clínicos de las historias que se encuentran en el departamento de registros médicos de este centro asistencial. Resultados: En los 18 pacientes, el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la presencia de un hemotórax coagulado (44,4%; n=8), seguido del derrame pleural tabicado (27,8%; n=5). La causa desencadenante, el traumatismo torácico y la neumonía tuvieron el mismo porcentaje (44,4%; n=8) y el tratamiento antibiótico más utilizado fue la ceftazidima (55,6%; n=10). Al evaluar el comportamiento según sexo, esta patología fue más frecuente en hombres cuya causa principal fue el traumatismo torácico (72,7%) y en las mujeres la neumonía (71,4%). Conclusión: Los pacientes sometidos a toracoscopia en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo (Ecuador) muestran una frecuencia similar de causas traumática e infecciosa, con un predominio en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. Todos los pacientes presentaron una evolución favorable con retiro del tubo torácico en menos de 5 días en la mayoría de los casos y sin complicaciones.
La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar si las decisiones éticas dependen de las edades de los administradores de pymes. Se usó un enfoque cuantitativo, la población eran los administradores de ...pymes de la provincia de El Oro, primeramente, se realizó un análisis de fiabilidad y consistencia interna del instrumento a usar de 19 preguntas, dando un resultado de 0,764 en el alpha de cronbach. Posteriormente se aplicó una prueba t para muestras independientes para conocer si existen igualad entre las medias de los administradores con edades iguales o menores a 35 versus la de los administradores con edades mayores a 35. Como resultado la significancia fue de 0,619, y al ser mayor a 0,05 se acepta la hipótesis nula Ho indica que la media del grupo de edad menor o igual a 35 es igual a la media del grupo de edad mayor a 35. Los resultados en el presente estudio permiten ver la no existencia de diferencias en las decisiones éticas que toman los administradores, estos resultados podrían diferir en otras poblaciones, teniendo en consideración que existen otras variables que podrían estar afectando.
Spain: between north and south Castejón Arqued, Rosa María; Sánchez Aguilera, Dolores; López Palomeque, Francesc ...
Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles,
1995
21-22
Journal Article
PDF
