The KLOE-2 experiment at DAΦNE Passeri, A.
Journal of physics. Conference series,
01/2017, Volume:
800, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The KLOE-2 experiment is steadily taking data since November 2014 at the upgraded DAΦNE φ-factory, in Frascati Laboratories, collecting up to now about 2.4 fb-1 at a rate around 10 pb-1/day. ...Performances of the upgraded KLOE-2 detector, data taking conditions, data quality monitoring and physics perspectives are here discussed.
Purpose To compare morbidity and mortality rates in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) versus dentofacial deformity (DFD) patients undergoing equivalent maxillofacial surgical procedures. Patients and ...Methods Patients with OSA who underwent maxillomandibular advancement with genial tubercle advancement in the Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from December 2002 to June 2011 were matched to patients with DFD undergoing similar maxillofacial procedures during the same period. They were compared regarding demographic variables, medical comorbidities, perioperative management, intraoperative complications, early and late postoperative complications, and mortality rate. Results A study group of 28 patients with OSA and a control group of 26 patients with DFD were compared. The patients with OSA were older (41.9 ± 12.5 years vs 21.7 ± 8.6 years), had a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (2.0 ± 0.5 vs 1.3 ± 0.6), and had a higher body mass index (29.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2 vs 23.0 ± 3.1 kg/m2 ). They also had a greater number of medical comorbidities (2.4 ± 2.3 vs 0.7 ± 1.0). More OSA patients than DFD patients had complications (28 100% vs 19 73%, P = .003), and the total number of complications in the OSA group was higher (108 vs 33, P < .001). Of the complications, 13.9% in the OSA group and 3.0% in the DFD group were classified as major. The absolute risk of a complication was 3.9 for the OSA group versus 1.3 for the DFD group. The relative risk of complications in OSA patients compared with DFD patients was 3.0. No difference in mortality rate was found. Conclusions The patients in the OSA group were older, had more comorbidities, and ultimately had a greater number of early, late, minor, and major complications than those in the DFD group. The incidence of death in both groups was zero. Maxillomandibular advancement appears to be a safe procedure regarding mortality rate, but OSA patients should be counseled preoperatively regarding the relative increased risk of complications.
•The feasibility of using Large-Area SiPM pixels (LASiPs) in SPECT is studied.•LASiPs allow to reduce the weight and size of a full-body SPECT camera.•SPECT cameras based on LASiPs can achieve ...similar performance to those based on PMTs.•Geant4 simulations allow to extend the results to a large camera.
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) scanners based on photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are still largely employed in the clinical environment. A standard camera for full-body SPECT employs ~50-100 PMTs of 4–8 cm diameter and is shielded by a thick layer of lead, becoming a heavy and bulky system that can weight a few hundred kilograms. The volume, weight and cost of a camera can be significantly reduced if the PMTs are replaced by silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The main obstacle to use SiPMs in full-body SPECT is the limited size of their sensitive area. A few thousand channels would be needed to fill a camera if using the largest commercially-available SiPMs of 6 × 6 mm2. As a solution, we propose to use Large-Area SiPM Pixels (LASiPs), built by summing individual currents of several SiPMs into a single output. We developed a LASiP prototype that has a sensitive area 8 times larger than a 6 × 6 mm2 SiPM. We built a proof-of-concept micro-camera consisting of a 40 × 40 × 8 mm3 NaI(Tl) crystal coupled to 4 LASiPs. We evaluated its performance in a central region of 15×15 mm2, where we were able to reconstruct images of a 99mTc capillary with an intrinsic spatial resolution of ~2 mm and an energy resolution of ~11.6% at 140 keV. We used these measurements to validate Geant4 simulations of the system. This can be extended to simulate a larger camera with more and larger pixels, which could be used to optimize the implementation of LASiPs in large SPECT cameras. We provide some guidelines towards this implementation.
Tests of the T, CP and CPT symmetries in the neutral kaon system are performed by the direct comparison of the probabilities of a kaon transition process to its symmetry-conjugate. The exchange of in ...and out states required for a genuine test involving an antiunitary transformation implied by time-reversal is implemented exploiting the entanglement of K0K‾0 pairs produced at a ϕ-factory.
A data sample collected by the KLOE experiment at DAΦNE corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 1.7 fb−1 is analysed to study the Δt distributions of the ϕ→KSKL→π+π−π±e∓ν and ϕ→KSKL→π±e∓ν3π0 processes, with Δt the difference of the kaon decay times. A comparison of the measured Δt distributions in the asymptotic region Δt≫τS allows to test for the first time T and CPT symmetries in kaon transitions with a precision of few percent, and to observe CP violation with this novel method.
Specifically designed samples have been analyzed to test the ability of Brillouin spectroscopy to provide reliable mechanical characterization of micro and nano-objects. The selected samples are ...polymeric films, whose transversal sizes from hundreds of nano- to some micro-meters cover the entire range of length-scales relevant in Brillouin scattering process. The experimental data highlight how, the size of the extended collective oscillation (acoustic phonons, in brief) is the lowest spatial resolution reachable in Brillouin mechanical characterization. Conversely, in the limit condition of phonon confinement, the technique provides the mechanical properties of nano-objects whose characteristic size is comparable with the phonon wavelength (⁓300 nm). Investigating acoustically heterogeneous materials, both size of heterogeneity and acoustic mismatch between adjacent regions are shown to be relevant in shaping the Brillouin response. In particular, a transition from a confined to a non-confined condition is obtained modulating the acoustic mismatch between the micro-objects and their local environment. The provided results and the derived analytic models for the data analysis will guide the interpretation of Brillouin spectra acquired in complex nano-structured samples such as cells, tissues or biomimetic materials. Our analysis can therefore generate new insights to tackle fundamental problems in mechanobiology or to characterize new bioengineered materials.
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•Thin films of different traversals size are investigated as biomaterials models.•Brillouin spectroscopy measures the mechanical properties of micro and nano-objects.•Phonon confinement increases the spatial resolution of Brillouin spectroscopy.•Size and acoustic mismatch of heterogeneities alters Brillouin elastography.
A
bstract
The ratio
R
= Γ(
K
S
→ πeν
)
/
Γ(
K
S
→ π
+
π
−
) has been measured with a sample of 300 million
K
S
mesons produced in
ϕ → K
L
K
S
decays recorded by the KLOE experiment at the DAΦNE
e
+
e
...−
collider.
K
S
→ πeν
events are selected by a boosted decision tree built with kinematic variables and time-of-flight measurements. Data control samples of
K
L
→ πeν
decays are used to evaluate signal selection efficiencies. With 49647
±
316 signal events we measure
R
= (1
.
0421
±
0
.
0066
stat
±
0
.
0075
syst
)
×
10
−
3
. The combination with our previous measurement gives
R
= (1
.
0338
±
0
.
0054
stat
±
0
.
0064
syst
)
×
10
−
3
. From this value we derive the branching fraction
B
(
K
S
→ πeν
) = (7
.
153
±
0
.
037
stat
±
0
.
044
syst
)
×
10
−
4
and
f
+
(0)
|V
us
|
= 0
.
2170
±
0
.
009.
Abstract The authors verified the anatomical location of the mandibular foramen, lingula and antilingula in dry mandibles, aiming to obtain information that could be used when performing mandibular ...osteotomies. Forty-four mandibles (88 sides) were evaluated. The distances were measured using a sliding calliper, with the mandibles fixed in a reproducible position. Results showed that the mandibular foramen is on average 5.82 mm below the lingula. Regarding the statistical comparison between the mandibular foramen entrance and the antilingula position, there is no correlation between the position of those two structures in the studied sample. The mandibular foramen is slightly posterior in relation to the centre of the ramus. The lingula is an important anatomic landmark for ramus surgery, and for determining the distance to the mandibular foramen entrance. The use of the antilingula as a landmark for the position of the vertical ramus osteotomy is not recommended.
This retrospective study analyzed the etiologic factors, location and treatments for patients with oroantral or oronasal communications (OAC or ONC). Data analysis extended to gender, age, etiology, ...location, type of treatment and short-term complications from January 1988 to May 2004. A total of 112 patients with 101 (90%) OAC and 11 (10%) ONC were included. The main etiology for OAC was tooth extraction (95%) with similar prevalence between right (49%) and left (51%) side. For ONC, pathological conditions (27%) and exodontia (27%) were the most prevalent. For the treatment of OAC, suture was the technique most frequently used (60%), followed by buccal fat pad (28%), buccal flap (9%), palatal flap (2%) and one dental transplant (1%). For ONC, the following treatments were used: suture (46%), buccal flap (36%) and palatal flap (18%). Failure to eliminate the communication occurred in six (6%) patients of the OAC group and three (27%) of the ONC group. The results confirm that tooth extraction was the most common etiologic factor for ONC and OAC. Suture, when the communication was small (3–5
mm), and the use of a buccal fat pad (100% successful), when a larger communication existed (>5
mm), seemed to be the two best choices for treatment.
BackgroundAt early stages, SSc lung involvement is characterised by Ground Glass Opacities (GGO) at High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT). However, HRCT scan is not able to provide functional ...information and to discriminate between an “active inflammatory” and an “established fibrotic” GGO. 18Fluoro-Deoxy-d-Glucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is able to detect metabolic activity picking up inflammation and provides both morphologic and metabolic data.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate, if 18F-FDG PET/CT scan may identify the inflammatory component of GGO in SSc interstitial lung disease.MethodsSeven patients with SSc (1 male and 6 females; mean age 59.56 y±9.15 SD; median disease duration 5 years,2–11 who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scan because of cancer screening, were retrospectively analysed. HRCT images analysis led to classification of pulmonary segments as “negative” (normal morphology) and ”positive” (GGO). Furthermore, the “Warrick score” was used as a staging tool for SSc-ILD. Mean Standardised Uptake Value (mSUV) of segmental parechima was normalised (nmSUV) by comparison with the values of selected control subjets.ResultsNo SSc patient was affected by cancer. Three patients had a Warrick Score >0, while 4 patients did not had any lung involvement (Warrick Score=0). The 3 patients with a Warrick Score >0 had also skin involvement with a median mRSS 6 (2–7) and pathological lung FDG uptake. In “positive” segments of SSc patients, nmSUV was significantly higher than in the lung segments of the control population (mean estimation 1.53; C.I. 1.42–1.65, p<0.0001). In “negative” segments of SSc patients, with a Warrick score >0, the nmSUV was significantly higher than in segments of the control population (mean estimation 1.29; C.I. 1.22–1.37, p<0.0001). Lung segments with GGO showed an nmSUV higher (21%) than “negative” segments (C.I. 0.13–0.28, p<0.0001) of patients with Warrick score >0. “Negative” lung segments of patients with Warrick Score >0 showed a 32% higher 18F-FDG uptake than “negative” lung segments of patients with Warrick Score=0. (C.I. 0.17–0.48, p<0.0001). (figure 1)Abstract THU0425 – Figure 1a) Differences in 18F-FDG uptake between “positive” segments of Warrick score >0 SSc patients, “negative” segments of Warrick score >0 SSc patients and “negative” segments of Warrick score=0 SSc patients vs attended normalised control value (=1); b) Differences in 18F-FDG uptake between “positive” lung segments of SSc patients with Warrick score>0 vs “negative” segments of the same patients; c) Differences in 18F-FDG uptake “negative” lung segments of patients with Warrick Score>0 vs “negative” lung segments of patients with Warrick Score=0ConclusionsMorphologically “positive” GGO segments show an increased 18F-FDG uptake suggesting the existence of a metabolically active (inflammatory) GGO. However, in patients with GGO, negative lung segments showed a higher nmSUV than negative lung segments in patients without GGO. This may suggest that PET/CT may disclose an underlying inflammatory process, which cannot yet be evidenced by HRCT. Further studies on a larger population are warranted to confirm these data and possibly provide a prognostic significance of PET/CT positivity in SSc patients.Disclosure of InterestNone declared
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