Den senaste tiden har allt starkare röster höjts för att låta Kriminalvården överta ansvaret för minderåriga som begår brott, och en enkät genomförd i riksdagen visar att en majoritet av ledamöterna ...är för en sådan förändring. Författarna, som alla forskar om de särskilda ungdomshem där denna grupp placeras, problematiserar synen på unga lagöverträdare och ifrågasätter en sådan förändring utifrån barnkonventionen.
Atherosclerotic lesions result from inflammatory-proliferative responses of the endothelium and smooth muscle of the arterial wall. Poor prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients has ...been associated with elevated levels of acute phase proteins including C-reactive protein. We investigated the significance of circulating phospholipase A2 in the long-term prognosis of suspected AMI patients.
The concentration of phospholipase A2 was measured by an immunoassay in sera of 100 suspected AMI patients. Admission phospholipase A2 95 % fractile outliers were excluded to eliminate the effect of acute infectious diseases. The total and atherosclerotic mortalities were followed for a 4-year period.
The most powerful prognostic limit for both admission (p = 0.02, RR = 2.6 and 95% CI = 1.2 to 5.6) and maximal (p = 0.06, RR = 2.4 and 95% CI = 0.96 to 5.9) phospholipase A2 groups was > or =8 microg/l. The admission phospholipase A2 level had an independent prognostic significance for atherosclerotic mortality (p = 0.04, RR = 2.4 and CI = 1.02 to 5.8) in multivariate analysis with CK-MB and age.
The elevated serum phospholipase A2 level at admission is an independent predictor of long-term atherosclerotic mortality in patients with suspected AMI. The prognostic significance of phospholipase A2 weakens during hospitalisation concomitant to the onset of the acute inflammatory response to myocardial injury.
A study to examine whether mutations to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and LRP6 affected bone mineral density (BMD) and increased the risk of fractures was conducted. ...Results revealed that LRP5 variants were commonly associated with BMD and increased risk of fractures.
Accurate precordial electrode placement can be difficult in emergency situations leading either to loss of time or diminished accuracy. A possible solution is the quasi-orthogonal EASI lead system, ...with only five electrodes and easily defined landmarks to provide a derived 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that precordial waveforms in EASI-derived ECGs have no greater deviation from those in gold standard ECGs, than do the precordial waveforms in paramedic acquired standard ECGs. Twenty paramedics applied the standard precordial electrodes employing the routine procedure. A certified ECG technician applied the 6 standard precordial electrodes in their correct gold standard positions, and the EASI electrodes. 12-lead ECGs were obtained from the paramedics’ standard leads, and derived from the EASI leads, for comparison with the gold standard ECG. In each precordial lead recording, 6 computer-measured QRS-T waveform parameters were considered. Differences between ΔEASI-gold standard versus Δparamedic-gold standard were calculated for every waveform in every lead resulting in 720 comparisons. EASI and paramedic results were “equally accurate” in 47%, the paramedic was more accurate in 31%, and EASI was more accurate in the remaining 22%. The differences from gold standard recording of precordial waveforms in ECGs derived from the EASI leads and those acquired via paramedic-applied standard electrodes are similar. The results suggest that the EASI lead system may provide an alternative to the standard ECG precordial leads to facilitate data acquisition and possibly save valuable time in emergency situations.
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