Realizing efficient and ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is highly desirable but remains a challenge due to the inherent competition between excited state lifetime and ...photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Herein, we report the bottom‐up self‐assembly of transparent metal–organic framework (MOF) bulk glasses exhibiting direct ultralong all‐phosphorescence (lifetime: 630.15 ms) with a PLQY of up to 75 % at ambient conditions. These macroscopic MOF glasses have high Young's modulus and hardness, which provide a rigid environment to reduce non‐radiative transitions and boost triplet excitons. Spectral technologies and theoretical calculations demonstrate the photoluminescence of MOF glasses is directly derived from the different triplet excited states, indicating the great capability for color‐tunable afterglow emission. We further developed information storage and light‐emitting devices based on the efficient and pure RTP of the fabricated MOF photonic glasses.
A new class of transparent MOF glasses are made by a bottom‐up self‐assembly strategy. They exhibit a rare direct ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) output with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of up to 75 %. Exploiting the highly efficient ultralong RTP of these MOF glasses, further photonic applications, such as all‐photonic information storage and light‐emitting devices, were developed.
Ultrasound is instrumental in the early detection of thyroid nodules, which is crucial for appropriate management and favorable outcomes. However, there is a lack of clinical guidelines for the ...judicious use of thyroid ultrasonography in routine screening. Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly used on big data to predict clinical outcomes. This study aims to leverage the ML approach in assessing the risk of thyroid nodules based on common clinical features.
Data were sourced from a Chinese cohort undergoing routine physical examinations including thyroid ultrasonography between 2013 and 2023. Models were established to predict the 3-year risk of thyroid nodules based on patients' baseline characteristics and laboratory tests. Four ML algorithms, including logistic regression, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and light gradient boosting machine, were trained and tested using fivefold cross-validation. The importance of each feature was measured by the permutation score. A nomogram was established to facilitate risk assessment in the clinical settings.
The final dataset comprised 4,386 eligible subjects. Thyroid nodules were detected in 54.8% (n=2,404) individuals within the 3-year observation period. All ML models significantly outperformed the baseline regression model, successfully predicting the occurrence of thyroid nodules in approximately two-thirds of individuals. Age, high-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose and creatinine levels exhibited the highest impact on the outcome in these models. The nomogram showed consistency and validity, providing greater net benefits for clinical decision-making than other strategies.
This study demonstrates the viability of an ML-based approach in predicting the occurrence of thyroid nodules. The findings highlight the potential of ML models in identifying high-risk individuals for personalized screening, thereby guiding the judicious use of ultrasound in this context.
Abstract Background Schwannomas are benign usually encapsulated nerve sheath tumors derived from the Schwann cells, and affecting single or multiple nerves. The tumors commonly arise from the cranial ...nerves as acoustic neurinomas but they are extremely rare in the pelvis and the retroperitoneal area. Retroperitoneal pelvic schwannomas often present with non-specific symptoms leading to misdiagnosis and prolonged morbidity. Case presentation We report the case of a 59-year-old woman presenting with a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen who was found to have a retroperitoneal pelvic schwannoma originating from the right femoral nerve. She had a history of two resections of peripheral schwannomas at four different sites of limbs. After conducting magnetic resonance imaging, this pelvic schwannoma was misdiagnosed as a gynecological malignancy. The tumor was successfully removed by laparoscopic surgery. Pathological analysis of the mass revealed a benign schwannoma of the femoral nerve sheath with demonstrating strong, diffuse positivity for S-100 protein. Conclusions Although retroperitoneal pelvic schwannoma is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses, especially in patients with a history of neurogenic mass or the presence of neurogenic mass elsewhere.
Objectives
We aimed to assess the clinical value of multimodal photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) articular imaging scores, a novel imaging method which can reflect the micro-vessels and oxygenation ...level of inflamed joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
Seven small joints were examined by the PA/US imaging system. A 0–3 scoring system was used to semi-quantify the PA and power-Doppler (PD) signals, and the sums of PA and PD scores (PA-sum and PD-sum scores) of the seven joints were calculated. The relative oxygen saturation (SO
2
) values of the inflamed joints were measured and classified into 3 PA+SO
2
patterns. The correlations between the PA/US imaging scores and the disease activity scores were assessed.
Results
Thirty-one patients of RA and a total of 217 joints were examined using the PA/US system. The PA-sum had high positive correlations with the standard clinical scores of RA (DAS28 ESR
ρ
= 0.754, DAS28 CRP
ρ
= 0.796, SDAI
ρ
= 0.836, CDAI
ρ
= 0.837,
p
< 0.001), which were superior to the PD-sum (DAS28 ESR
ρ
= 0.651, DAS28 CRP
ρ
= 0.676, SDAI
ρ
= 0.716, CDAI
ρ
= 0.709,
p
< 0.001). For the patients with high PA-sum scores, significant differences between hypoxia and hyperoxia were identified in pain visual analog score (
p
= 0.020) and patient’s global assessment (
p
= 0.026). The PA+SO
2
patterns presented moderate and high correlation with PGA (
ρ
= 0.477,
p
= 0.0077) and VAS pain score (
ρ
= 0.717,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
The PA scores have significant correlations with standard clinical scores for RA, and the PA+SO
2
patterns are also related with clinical scores that reflect pain severity. PA may have clinical potential in evaluating RA.
Key Points
• Multimodal photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging is a novel method to assess micro-vessels and oxygenation of local lesions.
• Significant correlations between multimodal imaging parameters and clinical scores of RA patients were verified.
• The multimodal PA/US system can provide objective imaging parameters, including PA scores of micro-vessels and relative SO
2
value, as a supplementary to disease activity evaluation.
The Chinese government is making vigorous efforts to control agricultural pollution. The promotion of an ecological planting–breeding mix pattern is one of them. Farmers’ mode of production will ...affect their subjective well-being. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the impact of adopting the ecological planting–breeding mix pattern on farmers’ subjective well-being based on 895 pieces of survey data from the provinces of Hubei, Hunan, and Jiangxi in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Using the endogenous switching regression model, we find that the adoption of the ecological planting–breeding mix pattern has a significant positive effect on farmers’ subjective well-being. Based on this counterfactual hypothesis, if the farmers who actually adopted the ecological planting–breeding mix pattern did not adopt it, their subjective well-being would decrease from 4.006 to 3.669. Further examination indicates that self-worth identification, income increase, and neighborhood communication could be potential mechanisms. Additionally, the effect of the ecological planting–breeding mix pattern on subjective well-being is stronger in the group with low financial support. The technical support provided by the government does not have a significant regulatory effect on the adoption of the ecological planting–breeding mix pattern on subjective well-being. Our results suggest that farmers’ ecological production behavior can affect their subjective well-being. This may be relevant to many developing countries today that are attempting to adopt ecological agriculture patterns.
Realizing efficient and ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is highly desirable but remains a challenge due to the inherent competition between excited state lifetime and ...photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Herein, we report the bottom‐up self‐assembly of transparent metal–organic framework (MOF) bulk glasses exhibiting direct ultralong all‐phosphorescence (lifetime: 630.15 ms) with a PLQY of up to 75 % at ambient conditions. These macroscopic MOF glasses have high Young's modulus and hardness, which provide a rigid environment to reduce non‐radiative transitions and boost triplet excitons. Spectral technologies and theoretical calculations demonstrate the photoluminescence of MOF glasses is directly derived from the different triplet excited states, indicating the great capability for color‐tunable afterglow emission. We further developed information storage and light‐emitting devices based on the efficient and pure RTP of the fabricated MOF photonic glasses.
A new class of transparent MOF glasses are made by a bottom‐up self‐assembly strategy. They exhibit a rare direct ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) output with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of up to 75 %. Exploiting the highly efficient ultralong RTP of these MOF glasses, further photonic applications, such as all‐photonic information storage and light‐emitting devices, were developed.
The luminescence color of molecule‐based photoactive materials is the key to the applications in lighting and optical communication. Realizing continuous regulation of emission color in molecular ...systems is highly desirable but still remains a challenge due to the individual emission band of purely organic molecules. Herein, a novel alloy strategy based on molecular co‐crystals is reported. By adjusting the molar ratio of pyrene (Py) and fluorathene (Flu), three types of molecular co‐crystal alloys (MCAs) assemblies are prepared involving Py‐Flu‐OFN‐x%, Py‐Flu‐TFP‐x%, Py‐Flu‐TCNB‐x%. Multiple energy level structure and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process endow materials with tunable full‐spectra emission color in visible region. Impressively, these MCAs and co‐crystals can be successfully applied to low optical loss waveguide and optical logic gate by virtue of all‐color luminescence from blue across green to red, together with smooth surface of one‐dimensional microrods, which show promising applications as continuous light emitters for advance photonics applications.
By using a molecular organic alloys (MCAs) strategy, several MCAs are prepared through tuning the stoichiometric ratio of pyrene and fluoranthene. Multiple energy level structure and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) endow materials with tunable emission. Owing to smooth morphology and weak self‐absorption, prepared co‐crystals and molecular organic alloys are capable of low‐loss optical waveguide and optical logic gate.
Eco-agricultural technology is crucial in alleviating agricultural resource scarcity and environmental pressures. However, financial constraints affect its successful promotion. Digital finance ...significantly impacts farmers. However, existing research neglects the impact of digital finance on farmers’ adoption of eco-agricultural technology. This study focuses on rice-crayfish co-cultivation technology. It utilizes survey data from 1063 households in China. An endogenous switching probit model is employed to solve self-selection bias. The results are as follows: First, the average treatment effect is 51.5%. This indicates that if farmers who use digital finance were to stop using it, the probability of adopting rice-crayfish co-cultivation technology would decrease by 51.5%. Therefore, digital finance is beneficial for farmers in adopting this technology. Second, heterogeneity analysis shows that the promoting effect of digital finance is a greater promoting effect on older farmers, and on those with lower education levels and higher proportions of agricultural income. This suggests a greater reliance on digital financial services among vulnerable groups. Third, digital finance promotes farmers’ adoption of rice-crayfish co-cultivation technology by alleviating financial constraints, expanding information channels, and increasing social capital accumulation. Overall, the findings offer valuable insights for formulating supportive eco-agricultural policies.
Biopesticides are perceived as a feasible alternative to chemical pesticides, providing an effective approach to pest management while mitigating the undesirable effects of chemical pesticide ...overuse. Yet, due to the distinctive attributes of the two types of pesticides, farmers often adopt a combination of both. This study aimed to probe the interdependent relationship underlying the mixed use of chemical pesticides and biopesticides by farmers in the rice–crayfish integrated system (RCIS) in Hubei province, China. We also sought to identify influencing factors and associated consequences of this practice. Given that the adoption of chemical pesticides and biopesticides by farmers is not mutually exclusive, a multivariable probit model was utilized to estimate simultaneous pesticide applications. Survey data from 736 RCIS farmers revealed that 10.50% of the sample farmers employ a combination of chemical pesticides and biopesticides. A substitution relationship was observed between the adoption of chemical pesticides and biopesticides by farmers, whereas no significant complementary relationship was found in the application of the two types of pesticides. The primary motivation for the mixed use of pesticides by farmers is to achieve superior pest control efficacy. Notably, when integrating the use of pesticides, farmers pay less attention to factors such as resource endowments and multiple production objectives. Further analysis indicated that farmers display significant concern for pesticide attributes including insecticidal efficacy, toxicity, insecticidal spectrum, and validity period. The mixed use of pesticides has resulted in a decreased frequency of pesticide application but has escalated the cost. While the mixed use of pesticides elevated the selling price of rice, no significant improvement was observed in yield and output value. The insights garnered from this study offer strategic implications for policymakers on how to enhance the judicious adoption of pesticides by farmers.
Harnessing the potential of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is crucial for developing light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, sensors, and ...many others. However, effective strategies in this domain are still relatively scarce. This study presents a new approach to achieving highly efficient deep‐blue TADF (with a PLQY of 25 %) and low‐energy orange RTP (with a PLQY of 90 %) through the fabrication of lead‐free hybrid halides. This new class of monomeric and dimeric 0D antimony halides can be facilely synthesized using a bottom‐up solution process, requiring only a few seconds to minutes, which offer exceptional stability and nontoxicity. By leveraging the highly adaptable molecular arrangement and crystal packing modes, the hybrid antimony halides demonstrate the ability to self‐assemble into regular 1D microrod and 2D microplate morphologies. This self‐assembly is facilitated by multiple non‐covalent interactions between the inorganic cores and organic shells. Notably, these microstructures exhibit outstanding polarized luminescence and function as low‐dimensional optical waveguides with remarkably low optical‐loss coefficients. Therefore, this work not only presents a pioneering demonstration of deep‐blue TADF in hybrid antimony halides, but also introduces 1D and 2D micro/nanostructures that hold promising potential for applications in white LEDs and low‐dimensional photonic systems.
A new group of hybrid antimony halide microstructures are fabricated through a rapid liquid‐phase synthesis, which exhibit ultralow‐loss 1D and 2D optical waveguides through balancing deep‐blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and orange room temperature phosphorescence (RTP).
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