The molecular characteristics of oral lichen planus (OLP) are still unclear, and it is not possible to distinguish the clinical outcome of OLP patients in a short period of time for follow-up. Here, ...we investigate the molecular characteristics of lesions in patients with stable lichen planus (SOLP) and recalcitrant erosive oral lichen planus (REOLP).
Our clinical follow-up cohort was split into SOLP and REOLP groups based on the follow-up clinical data. The core modules associated with the clinical information were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The OLP cohort samples were divided into two groups by molecular typing, and a prediction model for OLP was created by training neural networks with the neuralnet package.
We screened 546 genes in five modules. After doing a molecular type of OLP, it was determined that B cells might have a significant impact on the clinical outcome of OLP. In addition, by means of machine learning, a prediction model was developed to predict the clinical regression of OLP with greater accuracy than the existing clinical diagnostic.
Our study revealed humoral immune disorders may make an important contribution to the clinical outcome of OLP.
Objective
We attempted to investigate the role of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) family expression in local tissues as it relates to presentations and outcomes in oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a common ...chronic inflammatory oral disease.
Materials and Methods
A clinical follow‐up cohort of OLP patients was established, and a biological sample library was constructed with categorization into erosive type (EOLP) and nonerosive type (NEOLP). Transcriptome sequencing of the lesions was then performed. A multiple regression model was used to explore the differences in IL‐6 family expression among patients with different clinical types and clinical outcomes.
Results
OLP tissue transcriptome sequencing showed that IL‐6 family expression in EOLP increased significantly. It was also found that IL‐6 family factors in the OLP recurrent erosion group were significantly increased compared to the persistent nonerosion group. Based on the multiple regression analysis of the OLP clinical cohort, it was found that the increased expression of the IL‐6 family was closely related to the clinical types and clinical outcomes of OLP.
Conclusion
The high expression of the IL‐6 family is closely related to the erosion of local mucosa and poor prognosis of OLP patients. IL‐6‐related factors may be used as therapeutic targets for OLP patients.
Objective
Primary cilia, evolutionally conserved organelles involving multiple cell functions, are frequently lost in various cancers. However, little is known about the role of primary cilia in oral ...squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods
Immunofluorescence staining was applied to detect primary cilia in normal, oral leukoplakia (OLK) and OSCC tissues. Differentially expressed ciliary genes of OSCC were screened from the TCGA database. Immunohistochemical analysis was used for validating the correlation between the expression of interested proteins and primary cilia, and their regulatory effect on primary cilia was further proved in vitro and in vivo.
Results
A significant decrease in cilia ratio was found in OLK, especially in OSCC. Multiple ciliary genes were abnormally expressed in OSCC and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐Aurora A signaling was chosen for further study. A parallel increase of EGFR‐Aurora A was observed in OLK and OSCC tissues. Moreover, EGFR activation induced obvious cilia absorption by phosphorylating Aurora A. Besides, Aurora A silencing significantly restored ciliary expression and decreased tumor growth in vivo.
Conclusions
The abnormal activation of EGFR‐Aurora A leads to the gradual loss of primary cilia in oral mucosa carcinogenesis. Primary cilia have the potential to be new biomarkers and therapeutic targets of oral cancer.
CD8
tissue-resident memory T (CD8
Trm) cells play key roles in many immune-inflammation-related diseases. However, their characteristics in the pathological process of oral lichen planus (OLP) ...remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the function of CD8
Trm cells in the process of OLP. By using single-cell RNA sequencing profiling and spatial transcriptomics, we revealed that CD8
Trm cells were predominantly located in the lamina propria adjacent to the basement membrane and were significantly increased in patients with erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) compared to those with non-erosive OLP (NEOLP). Furthermore, these cells displayed enhanced cytokine production, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL17, in patients with EOLP. And our clinical cohort of 1-year follow-up was also supported the above results in RNA level and protein level. In conclusion, our study provided a novel molecular mechanism for triggering OLP erosion by CD8
Trm cells to secrete multiple cytokines, and new insight into the pathological development of OLP.
Marital status has been associated with the outcomes in several types of cancer, but less is known about upper digestive tract tumors (UDTTs). The study aims to explore the effect of marital status ...on the survival outcomes of UDTT.
We collected patient cases of UDTT using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1975 and 2016. The univariate analyses of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The multivariate survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard model.
A total of 282,189 patients were included, with 56.42, 16.30, 13.33, and 13.95% of patients married, never married, divorced or separated, and widowed, respectively. The significant differences were observed among married, never-married, divorced or separated, and widowed patients with regard to the year of diagnosis, sex, age, race, pathological type, anatomical site, the number of primary tumor, grade, rate of surgery performed, radiotherapy, chemotherapy (
< 0.001). The proportions of patients with 3-year and 5-year OS were 54.22 and 48.02% in the married group, 46.96 and 41.12% in the never-married group, 44.24 and 38.06% in the divorced or separated group, 34.59 and 27.57% in the widowed group, respectively (
< 0.001); the proportions of patients with 3-year and 5-year CSS were 70.76 and 68.13% in the married group, 62.44 and 59,93% in the never-married group, 63.13 and 60.53% in the divorced or separated group, 62.11 and 58.89% in the widowed group, respectively (
< 0.001); all these data indicated married patients exhibited favorable OS and CSS than never-married, divorced or separated, and widowed patients. Men in the married group showed better OS (
, 1.16; 95%CI: 1.11-1.22) and CSS (
, 0.96; 95%CI: 0.92-1.23) than those in the never-married group.
This study reveals that marital status is an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS of patients with UDTT. Married male patients with UDTT trend to have a better prognosis.
Exfoliative cheilitis (EC) is a chronic and reversible inflammatory disease of the lips without definite etiology. Clinically, different types of allergens can be found in exfoliative cheilitis ...patients, however, few studies have focused on the relationship between exfoliative cheilitis and hypersensitivity. This research aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypersensitivity in EC patients.
A prospective study was conducted in 30 patients with exfoliative cheilitis and 30 healthy controls, matched in age and sex. Laboratory tests included serum total IgE, allergen-specific IgE, and food-specific IgG.
Increased serum total IgE level, positive food-specific IgG were seen more frequently in exfoliative cheilitis patients than in healthy control (P < 0.05). Special IgE level to FX5 and the degree of food-specific IgG to wheat were seen higher in exfoliative cheilitis patients than in healthy control (P < 0.05).
This study suggests that patients with exfoliative cheilitis may have predisposition of hypersensitivity. The detection of allergens should be strengthened in the future clinical work.
Abstract The purpose of the study was to estimate the chronology of third molar mineralization in Han population of southwestern China and find its unique characteristics so that it would provide a ...reference in several legal cases like forensic age estimation. The study used Demirjian's staging method to study 2192 orthopantomograms of 984 male and 1208 female subjects aged between 8 and 25 years. The statistical data was analyzed by Student's t test and ANOVA. The conclusions of the study are: (1) The chronological mineralization age of third molars of Han population in Southwestern China is similar to the Turkish and the Japanese, was earlier than the Austrian and Han of South China, but later than the Spanish. (2) The mineralization timing of the third molars between two sides in maxilla or mandible has no significant differences in the same gender group. (3) There is no significant difference in mineralization of third molars between male and female, except for tooth 48 in Demirjian's stage E. (4) The mineralization of third molar in maxilla is earlier than mandible.
Abstract
Despite a variety of studies on the tropical cyclone (TC) response to climate change, few of them have examined the projected damages of future TCs. Here we quantify the impact of ...anthropogenic warming on TC-induced damages in the late twenty-first century along the coasts of Southeast China based on convection-permitting TC simulations and machine-learning-based damage models. We found that if the area’s 10 super typhoons between 2013 and 2019 were to occur at the end of the century under the high emissions RCP8.5 scenario, they would have on average a 12% ± 4% increase in landfall intensity, 25% ± 23% increase in precipitation, and 128% ± 70% increase in economic losses, compared to historical simulations. We also found a significant increase in the full risk profile. The estimated typhoon loss with a 50-year return period for Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and Hainan (four most typhoon-prone provinces among the seven provinces in the region) would increase by 71%, 170%, 20%, and 85%, respectively, towards the end of the century even under the lower emissions RCP4.5 pathway. Our findings imply the need to design effective local hazard mitigation measures to reduce future typhoon risks.
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death accompanied by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Both biotic and abiotic stresses can induce ferroptosis in plant cells. In the case of ...plant interactions with pathogenic Phytophthora oomycetes, the roles of ferroptosis are still largely unknown. Here, we performed transcriptome analysis on soybean plants treated with the biocontrol agent Pythium oligandrum, a soilborne and non‐pathogenic oomycete capable of inducing plant resistance against Phytophthora sojae infection. Expression of homologous soybean genes involved in ferroptosis and resistance was reprogrammed upon P. oligandrum treatment. Typical hallmarks for characterizing ferroptosis were detected in soybean hypocotyl cells, including decreased glutathione (GSH) level, accumulation of ferric ions, and lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, ferroptosis‐like cell death was triggered by P. oligandrum to suppress P. sojae infection in soybean. Protection provided by P. oligandrum could be attenuated by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1), suggesting the critical role of ferroptosis in soybean resistance against P. sojae. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ferroptosis is a P. oligandrum‐inducible defence mechanism against oomycete infection in soybean.
Objective:
To investigate the safety and effectiveness of catheter-based therapy (CBT) compared to conventional catheter-directed thrombosis (CDT) for non-oncological patients with inferior vena cava ...thrombosis (IVCT), as well to evaluate the differences between CBTs using AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy (ART) and large lumen catheter aspiration (LLCA).
Methods:
This retrospective single-center study included eligible patients with IVCT treated with CBTs coupled with/without CDT or CDT alone as the first-line treatment between January 3, 2015 and January 28, 2022. The baseline demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics, treatment details, course data were all reviewed.
Results:
A total of 106 patients (128 limbs) were included, with 42 cases were treated with ART, 30 with LLCA, and 34 with CDT alone. Technical success rates were 100% (128/128), and 95.5% (84/88) limbs treated with CBT subsequently underwent CDT. The mean duration of CDT time and total infusion agent dosage in patients with CBTs were lower than those who underwent CDT alone (P < .05). Similarities were observed in ART compared to LLCA (P < .05). At the end of CDT, clinical success was achieved in 85.2% (75/88) of limbs treated with CBTs and 77.5% (31/40) of limbs with CDT alone, and 88.5% (46/52) in ART and 80.6% (29/36) in LLCA. The 12-month follow-up showed slightly lower incidences of recurrent thrombosis (7.7% vs 15.2%) and post-thrombotic syndrome (14.1% vs 21.2%), which persisted in patients who underwent ART compared to LLCA (4.3% vs 12.9% and 8.5% vs 22.6%). Patients who underwent CBTs tended to have lower minor complications (5.6% vs 17.6%) but were at higher risk of transient macroscopic hemoglobinuria (58.3% vs 0%) and recoverable acute kidney injury (11.1% vs 2.9%) compared to CDT alone. These findings were similar in ART compared to LLCA (2.4% vs 10.0%, 100% vs 0%, and 16.7% vs 3.3%, respectively). LLCA seemed to have more hemoglobin losses (10.50 ± 9.20 vs 5.57 ± 10. 42 g/L, P < .05).
Conclusion:
CBTs coupled with/without CDT are safe and effective in patients with IVCT, reducing the clot burden in a moderate time, restoring blood flow rapidly, minimizing thrombolytic drug requirement and lowering minor bleeding complication compared to CDT alone. ART and LLCA have comparable outcomes but with different adverse event profiles.
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