Self‐organized stimuli‐responsive smart materials with adjustable attributes are highly desirable for a plethora of device applications. Simple cubic lattice is quite uncommon in soft condensed ...matter due to its lower packing factor. Achieving a stable simple cubic soft lattice and endowing such a lattice with dynamic reconstruction capability solely by a facile light irradiation are of paramount significance for both fundamental studies and engineering explorations. Herein, an elegant stable self‐organized simple cubic soft lattice, i.e., blue phase II, in a chiral liquid crystal (LC) system is disclosed, which is stable down to room temperature and exhibits both reversible lattice deformation and transformation to a helical superstructure, i.e., cholesteric LC, by light stimulation. Such an amazing trait is attained by doping a judiciously designed achiral photoresponsive molecular switch functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocage into a chiral LC host. An unprecedented reversible collapse and reconstruction of such a high symmetric simple cubic blue phase II driven by light has been achieved. Furthermore, a well‐defined conglomerate micropattern composed of simple cubic soft lattice and helical superstructure, which is challenging to fabricate in organic and inorganic crystalline materials, is produced using photomasking technology. Moreover, the promising photonic application based on such a micropattern is demonstrated.
A reversible and dynamic transformation between a stable simple cubic lattice and a helical superstructure is achieved via light irradiation in a photoresponsive blue phase liquid crystal enabled by a molecular‐switch‐functionalized nanocage. Leveraging this capability, unprecedented light‐driven recording, erasing, and rewriting of well‐defined biphasic micropatterns are demonstrated and photonic applications of such micropatterns are explored.
Highly porous, conductive graphene oxide (GO)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films are synthesized via facile vacuum filtration of hybrid dispersion. The flexible film is used as interlayer between ...separator and sulfur cathode to entrap active materials and prevent polysulfide shuttle. The lithium-sulfur (Li–S) battery furnished with an optimal GO/CNT interlayer delivers an excellent reversible capacity of 671 mA h/g after 300 cycles with a low degradation rate of 0.33 mA h/g or 0.043% per cycle at 0.2C. The encouraging outcome arises from synergistic effects of interlayer characteristics: namely, (i) the porous structure facilitates easy ion transport and electrolyte penetration; (ii) the GO layers with oxygenated functional groups entrap active materials, preventing polysulfide shuttle and enhancing their recycling; and (iii) the highly conductive CNTs offer fast pathways for electron/ion transfer.
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The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can obtain traffic information through a large number of data collected by sensors. However, the lack of data, abnormal data, and other low-quality problems have ...seriously restricted the development and application of the IoV. To solve the problem of missing data in a large-scale road network, the previous research achievements show that tensor decomposition method has the advantages in solving multi-dimensional data imputation problems, so we adopt this tensor mode to model traffic velocity data. A new method of data missing estimation with tensor heterogeneous ensemble learning based on FNN (Fuzzy Neural Network) named FNNTEL is proposed in this paper. The performance of this method is evaluated by our experiments and analysis. The proposed method is applied to be tested by the real data captured in Guangzhou and Tianjin of China respectively. A large number of experimental tests show that the performance of the new method is better than other commonly used technologies and different missing data generation models.
Background and Aim
Screening and early detection reduces mortality due to colorectal cancer (CRC). Methylated Septin 9 (SEPT9) is a new blood‐based biomarker for CRC. We evaluated the performance of ...the second‐generation SEPT9 assay for the detection of colorectal neoplasm, and compared it with fecal immunochemical test (FIT).
Methods
A total of 135 patients with CRC, 169 with adenomatous polyps, 81 with hyperplastic polyps, and 91 healthy controls were included. The clinical status of all subjects was verified by colonoscopy. In all patients, peripheral blood samples were taken for SEPT9 testing using Epi proColon 2.0 test. For 177 patients, both SEPT9 and FIT were performed.
Results
The sensitivity and specificity of SEPT9 for CRC were 74.8% (95% confidence interval CI: 67.0–81.6%) and 87.4% (vs non‐CRC, 95% CI: 83.5–90.6%), respectively. SEPT9 was positive in 66.7% of stage I, 82.6% of stage II, 84.1% of stage III, and 100% of stage IV CRCs. The sensitivity of SEPT9 for advanced adenomas was 27.4% (95% CI: 18.7–37.6%). The sensitivity and specificity of FIT for CRC was 58.0% (95% CI: 46.1–69.2%) and 82.4% (95% CI: 74.4–88.7%), respectively. SEPT9 showed better performance in CRC detection than FIT, but similar among advanced adenomas.
Conclusions
With improved performance characteristics in detecting CRC, the second‐generation SEPT9 assay could play an important role in CRC screening and early detection.
In recent years, quantification of absolute protein numbers in cellular structures using fluorescence microscopy has become a reality. Two popular methods are available to a broad range of ...researchers with minimal equipment and analysis requirements: stepwise photobleaching to count discrete changes in intensity from a small number of fluorescent fusion proteins, and comparing the fluorescence intensity of a protein to a known in vivo or in vitro standard. This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and gives recent examples of each that answer important questions in their respective fields. We also highlight new counting methods that could become widely available in the future.
The Drell–Yan massive lepton-pair production in hadronic collisions provides a unique tool complementary to the Deep-Inelastic Scattering for probing the partonic substructures in hadrons. We review ...key concepts, approximations, and progress for QCD factorization of the Drell–Yan process in terms of collinear or transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions. We present experimental results from recent fixed-target Drell–Yan as well as W and Z boson production at colliders, focusing on the topics of flavor structure of the nucleon sea as well as the extraction of novel Sivers and Boer–Mulders functions via single transverse spin asymmetries and azimuthal lepton angular distribution of the Drell–Yan process. Prospects for future Drell–Yan experiments are also presented.
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been proposed for electrochemical energy storage, although the poor conductivity resulted from covalent bonds limits their practical performance. Here, we ...propose to introduce noncovalent bonds in COFs through a molecular insertion strategy for improving the conductivity of the COFs as supercapacitor. The synthesized COFs (MI−COFs) establish equilibriums between covalent bonds and noncovalent bonds, which construct a continuous charge transfer channel to enhance the conductivity. The rapid charge transfer rate enables the COFs to activate the redox sites, bringing about excellent electrochemical energy storage behavior. The results show that the MI−COFs exhibit much better performance in specific capacitance and capacity retention rate than those of most COFs‐based supercapacitors. Moreover, through simply altering inserted guests, the mode and strength of noncovalent bond can be adjusted to obtain different energy storage characteristics. The introduction of noncovalent bonds is an effective and flexible way to enhance and regulate the properties of COFs, providing a valuable direction for the development of novel COFs‐based energy storage materials.
A molecular insertion strategy is used by introducing non‐covalent interactions in COFs to form a continuous charge transfer channel and accelerate the charge transfer rate. Meanwhile, the enhanced conductivity activates the redox sites in the COF skeleton, resulting in excellent energy storage performance. In addition, the energy storage behavior can be accurately regulated by changing the type of insertion guests.
At present, poor stability and carrier transfer efficiency are the main problems that limit the development of perovskite‐based photoelectric technologies. In this work, hydrogen‐bonded ...cocrystal‐coated perovskite composite (PeNCs@NHS‐M) is easily obtained by inducing rapid crystallization of melamine (M) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) with PeNCs as the nuclei. The outer NHS‐M cocrystal passivates the undercoordinated lead atoms by forming covalent bonds, thereby greatly reducing the trap density while maintaining good structure stability for perovskite nanocrystals. Moreover, benefiting from the interfacial covalent band linkage and long‐range ordered structures of cocrystals, the charge transfer efficiency is effectively enhanced and PeNCs@NHS−M displays superior photoelectric performance. Based on the excellent photoelectric performance and abundant active sites of PeNCs@NHS−M, photocatalytic reduction of uranium is realized. PeNCs@NHS−M exhibits U(VI) reduction removal capability of up to 810.1 mg g−1 in the presence of light. The strategy of cocrystals trapping perovskite nanocrystals provides a simple synthesis method for composites and opens up a new idea for simultaneously improving the stability and photovoltaic performance of perovskite.
The CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (PeNCs) are coated with hydrogen‐bonded cocrystals (N‐hydroxysuccinimide‐melamine, NHS‐M) to achieve defect passivation and structural stability enhancement. Moreover, this covalently linked heterostructure further promotes the electron transport of PeNCs and realizes the photocatalytic reduction of uranium through the binding sites on the cocrystal.
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