Participation and initiative of workers are effective in promoting safety in the workplace. Proactive-Safety Role Orientation questionnaire (PRO-SAFE) is a proper tool to evaluate the psychological ...drivers that support the proactive orientation of individuals toward workplace safety. This study was conducted to translate and measure the psychometric properties of the Persian version of PRO-SAFE.
The PRO-SAFE was translated into Persian using procedures for translation and cross-cultural adaptation. To collect data, 252 employees of a steel complex were selected. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, face, content, convergent, and construct validity was utilized. The questionnaire's reliability was evaluated by assessing its internal consistency.
The mean of the content validity index and content validity ratio was equal to 0.83 and 0.85, respectively. We found a positive correlation between PRO-SAFE and safety behavior dimensions (r = 0.372 to 0.792, P < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis showed the Persian version of the PRO-SAFE questionnaire had an excellent six-factor model consistent with the original questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha of the Persian version of the PRO-SAFE questionnaire was obtained between 0.717 to 0.880.
The Persian version of the PRO-SAFE questionnaire was found to have appropriate psychometric properties, indicating that it can be confidently used as a valid tool for assessing proactive role orientation toward safety management among Iranian employees.
The labyrinth spillway continues to be a popular type of the control structures. The focus of the present study is that on the optimization of the shape of the labyrinth spillway through the ...minimization of the construction costs because the use of it is a suitable solution in the rehabilitation process of existing reservoirs. An Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model was developed to determine the discharge coefficient of the labyrinth spillway as a function of the angle between alignment of the crest and direction of flow, the relative depth of flow over spillway and its crest height. Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) were adopted to minimize the spillway cost as the objective function by considering certain hydraulic conditions as the constraints of the optimization procedure. The results indicated that DE and GA can respectively reduce 19.3% and 16.6% the construction cost of a real benchmark design.
The carob moth,
Ectomyelois ceratoniae
Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is the main pest of pomegranate,
Punica granatum
L., in Iran and many parts of the world. In this study, the effects of 11 ...commercial cultivars of pomegranate (Aban-Mahi, Esfahani-Daneghermez, Gabri, Gorche-Tafti, Malase-Danesyah, Malase-Yazdi, Shahvare-Daneghermez, Shahvare-Danesefid, Tabolarze-Mehrmahi, Tafti, and Toghe-Gardan) were evaluated on life history variables, nutritional performance, and energy reserves of
E. ceratoniae
under the following laboratory conditions: 30 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) hours. In addition, biochemical characteristics of the tested cultivars were assessed in order to understand any possible correlation between important demographic parameters and nutritional properties with biochemical features of pomegranate juice. Our research showed that various pomegranate cultivars have significant effects on life history, demographical parameters, nutritional indices, and energy reserves of
E. ceratoniae
. The shortest development time was observed on Shahvare-Danesefid cultivar and the longest was on Esfahani-Daneghermez and Malase-Danesyah cultivars. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (
r
m
) was observed on Shahvare-Danesefid and the lowest was on Esfahani-Daneghermez. Six major anthocyanin compounds were detected in juice of various pomegranate cultivars. Significant positive or negative correlations were observed between life history variables and nutritional characteristics with biochemical traits of pomegranate cultivars. The results indicated that Shahvare-Danesefid was a relatively susceptible pomegranate cultivar and Esfahani-Daneghermez was the least appropriate (most resistant) cultivar for feeding of
E. ceratoniae
, which could be useful in the development of integrated pest management strategies for this pest.
Incorrect assessment of the performance shaping factors (PSFs), especially in health care systems, may lead to irreversible consequences such as death. The current study aimed to adapt PSFs taxonomy ...given in standardized plant analysis risk human reliability analysis (SPAR-H) technique to surgical context. PSFs taxonomy of the SPAR-H technique was revised, and more contextspecific definitions to surgical context were suggested. Step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and eleven-digit numerical scale were used for quantification of the weight and negative influence rate of the PSFs during surgical processes, respectively. Nine PSFs were proposed following the SPAR-H taxonomy. The order of the importance of the PSFs was quietly conflicting in terms of weight and negative influence rate. From the perspective of experts, fatigue and threat stress were assessed as the most important PSFs in terms of both weight and negative influence rate. Current study has offered a domain-based understanding of the PSFs, particularly in the surgical context. Results of this study could be used to evaluate human error behaviors during the performance of tasks in the operating room. Moreover, these results could be used for improving patient safety programs in health care systems.
Introduction: Today, accident investigation and analysis is an important component of safety programs in preventive measures. Incident investigation involves collecting all the information and actual ...interpretations of an incident, analyzing information to find out the causes of the incident, and writing an incident report.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical article was conducted to determine the most important criteria for investigating and selecting the techniques of accident investigation as well as analyzing and selecting the best method of accident analysis in the events of the power plant industry. In this research, previous research studies were studied and expert opinions were collected with regard to the most important criteria for choosing a specific accident analysis method. Later, the 4 accident analysis methods was applied in a special power plant accident and the decision matrix was designed based on the strengths and weaknesses of the model formation. Finally, these four methods were prioritized using the Topsis decision-making method.
Results: The key factors in investigating the main criteria for selecting an incident analysis method included the ability to understand the sequence of events in the model, identifying the root causes, descriptiveness and ability to provide reasons for managers and specialists, the need for technical experts, and the time criterion. The TRIPOD BETA method was selected as the best method for analyzing the power accidents.
Conclusion: The TRIPOD BETA method was introduced as the most effective method for investigating power plant accidents.
Introduction: Today, commercial complexes are among the most important shopping centers in cities that account for one of the most important urban development infrastructures. Evaluation and ...management of fire is essential to prevent accidents and disasters such as fires. Due to the increased population density and slow access to safe and secure outdoor space during the disaster, human casualties and financial losses have increased. The aim of this study was to make strategic decisions in fire risk management in Aftab Gorgan commercial complex using artificial intelligence model.
Method: : In this study, all technical documentation, including technical-physical and urban properties as well as notification and extinguishing system of the commercial complex under study were investigated. Later, the important and influential components of the design were identified, paired, weighted, and compared using Delphi questionnaires. In the next stage, the SWOT matrix was applied and quadratic strategies were designed and modeled after designing a hierarchical tree to model and prioritize the strategies.
Results: According to the outputs of the performed modeling using Matlab and Neuro-Solution 5 software, we found that in weighting and ranking of the eight designed strategies, only one strategy was ranked (and has equal priority) in both models and other scenarios were different. Therefore, integrating strategies for fire risk management was considered essential.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the strategy of adopting the systematic and strategic-operational management approach of fire risk in Gorgan Aftab 3 Complex design were the most ideal possible strategies. This was due to the special attention paid to optimization of physical spaces and fire alarm systems as well as implementation of business classification and continuous excellence system of HSE-MS and crisis management.
Introduction: Hydatid cysts are much less common in the abdomen than in the lungs, and the most common organ involved in the abdomen is the liver, although it is rarely seen in the spleen alone or in ...multiple organs. The patient was a 25-year-old man who presented with LUQ pain that started one month ago and with a mild non-intermittent nature and it gradually increased. On ultrasound of the patient, multiple cysts in the spleen area were reported. CT scan images also showed evidence of multiple Hydatid cysts. The abdomen was opened. There were several cystic masses that were carefully removed. After 5 days, the patient was in good general condition. oral Mebendazole was prescribed and the patient discharged from the hospital. Although splenic Hydatid cysts are very rare, they are associated with involvement of other organs in the abdomen, as well as the high risk of rupture and anaphylactic shock before and during surgery. This group of hydatid cysts requires special medical care and surgery. Conditions of involvement of several surgical intra-abdominal organs with special care before and during surgery are the basis of treatment of this group of patients.
Introduction: Human error plays a significant role in the occurrence of industrial accidents. Displacement and unloading operations are operations in which the occurrence of human error may lead to ...plenty of human and financial losses. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of human error occurrence in overhead crane operators in a Steel Company in Hormozgan, Iran. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted using the Standardized Plant Analysis Risk-Human Reliability Analysis (SPAR-H) technique. In this study, the job tasks of overhead crane operators were firstly analyzed using the hierarchical task analysis (HTA) technique. Subsequently, the probability of human error in job tasks was assessed using the SPAR-H technique. (Ethic code: IR.ACECR.JDM.REC.1399.005) Findings: Generally, five main tasks and 16 sub-tasks have been analyzed in this study. The highest probability of error was related to the three sub-tasks of longitudinal motion, transverse motion, and high and low motion (0.3975). The lowest probability of error was under the duty of recording shift reports, transmitting information orally, and writing (0.05). The results of this study clearly showed the effect of interdependence on increasing the probability of error occurrence. Discussion & Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, some preventive measures were proposed to reduce the possibility of human error, including identifying and controlling job stressors, correcting the ergonomic status of crane cabins, preparing work instructions, as well as training and monitoring their proper implementation.
Introduction: In examining the unfortunate events that have taken place in the industrial and health sectors, human error is considered as the main cause of these events. Given the sensitivity and ...importance of medical careers, the occurrence of errors can lead to irreparable consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the human error in the emergency department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive one. Emergency nurses' job duties have been analyzed by interviewing emergency nurses and studying nursing job guidelines and procedures using hierarchical task analysis. Finally, using the Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach, human errors in nursing care were analyzed.
Results: Generally, 4 tasks, 18 sub-tasks and 91 types of errors related to nursing activities were identified. Number of errors found, 27 (30%) Action errors, 18 (20%) Checking errors, 19 (21%) Retrieval errors, 12 (13%) communication errors, and 15 (16%) selection errors Were. As can be seen, the largest number of errors was related to the type of Action errors.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the present study, the highest numbers of errors were related to Action and Checking errors respectively, which due to the sensitivity of nursing jobs and especially in the emergency department, require the use of highly skilled people to perform tasks that require high concentration and accuracy.
Introduction: Considering the abundance and the large number of workers employed in micro and small industrial workshops in Iran and the importance of workers’ health, the present study aimed to ...investigate the mediating role of chronic fatigue in the relationship between mental workload and work ability with cognitive failure using path analysis. Material and Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design on a sample of workers employed in micro and small industrial workshops in the city of Eghlid. Data were collected utilizing various measures, including demographic and occupational information questionnaires, the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), the Work Ability Index (WAI), and questionnaires for chronic fatigue and cognitive failure. The correlation test and path analysis modeling were used in SPSS (version 24) and AMOS softwares to investigate the relationship between variables. Results: The mean scores of mental workload, work ability, chronic fatigue, and cognitive failure were 69.63, 35.20, 15.58, and 53.30, respectively. The values of the goodness of fit indices lead to the confirmation of the conceptual model by the research data. Also, based on the findings of the path analysis, the current research model has a good fit (CFI=1.00, GFI=0.998, NFI=0.999, AGFI=0.98 and RMSEA=0.003(0.00,0.169)). Conclusion: The path analysis results indicate that chronic fatigue plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between mental workload and work ability with cognitive failure. A better understanding of the mediating mechanisms and complex effects of these relationships can contribute to improving the management of chronic fatigue and enhancing cognitive performance in the workplace.
PDF
