It is well documented that whole body-vibration training has effects on muscle strength and flexibility, blood circulation, decreases pain perception and strengthens bone and tendon. Although whole ...body-vibration has benefits in athletes' flexibility, we are not sure what its actual effects are in artistic gymnastics (since they already have stunning flexibility). Hence, the aim of this study was to analyse the studies on whole-body vibration in artistic gymnastics and to present the effects on flexibility. The search and analysis were carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The databases search (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost and Science Direct) yielded 18,057 potential studies. By the given inclusion criteria (studies from 2005 to 2022; full-text published in English; the study included male and female gymnasts as samples, and that participants were tested for evaluation of flexibility by whole-body vibration method), a total of 9 full-text studies were included, with a total of 210 participants, both male and female. As far as the measured flexibility tests conducted, front split, sit and reach and bridge were evaluated, while obtained results were 9.1-39.1%, 2.79-6.7%, 6.43-7.45%, respectively. All studies have conducted same vibration frequency (30 Hz) with same amplitude of displacements (2 mm), except for the one study who did not show the information of implemented amplitude. After analysing the obtained results, it can be concluded that the usage of whole-body vibration platform shows flexibility improvements in artistic gymnasts, both male and female. In addition, a combination of whole-body vibration and traditional static stretching may enhance the flexibility in artistic gymnasts. However, these results should be taken with caution. Since this review did not reveal the optimal vibrational protocol, it is necessary to invest time during the implementation of various vibrational experimental protocols, so future research is required.
Vitamin D is involved in many different functions in the human body. Despite the well-known benefits of vitamin D and increasing trends of testing and supplementation, there is still a high ...prevalence of vitamin D deficiency worldwide, present in the general but also in the highly-active population such as athletes and dancers. Dancers are at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency due to their long working hours spent indoors, without exposure to sunlight. The high level of workload and physical demands also put dancers at a high risk of injuries. The aim of this review was to systematically analyze the existing evidence on the association of vitamin D (serum level and supplementation) and injuries in dancers. Medline, Scopus, SportDiscus and Web of Science were searched to identify the available peer-reviewed articles. Five articles met the inclusion criteria (two interventional and three observational studies), three of which additionally investigated the relationship between vitamin D and muscle function. The reported results on positive influence of vitamin D serum level or vitamin D supplementation effect on reduced injury occurrence and enhanced muscular function in adolescent and elite professional ballet dancers are promising but the evidence is limited due to a low number of studies, small samples, and methodological limitations.
Each sleep phase is characterized by specific chemical, cellular and anatomic events
of vital importance for normal neural functioning. Different forms of sleep deprivation may lead to a
decline of ...cognitive functions in individuals. Studies in this field make a distinction between total sleep
deprivation, chronic sleep restriction, and the situation of sleep disruption. Investigations covering the
acute effects of sleep deprivation on the brain show that the discovered behavioral deficits in most cases
regenerate after two nights of complete sleep. However, some studies done on mice emphasize the
possible chronic effects of long-term sleep deprivation or chronic restriction on the occurrence of neurodegenerative
diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. In order to better understand the acute
and chronic effects of sleep loss, the mechanisms of neural adaptation in the situations of insufficient
sleep need to be further investigated. Future integrative research on the impact of sleep deprivation on
neural functioning measured through the macro level of cognitive functions and the micro molecular and
cell level could contribute to more accurate conclusions about the basic cellular mechanisms responsible
for the detected behavioral deficits occurring due to sleep deprivation.
Osteoporoza je bolest karakterizirana niskom mineralnom gustoćom kosti i promjenama u koštanoj strukturi koje dovode do povećanog rizika za prijelom. Najčešći osteoporotski prijelomi su prijelomi ...kuka, distalne podlaktice, proksimalnog humerusa i prijelomi kralježaka. Vježbe koje se koriste u rehabilitaciji nakon osteoporotskih prijeloma koriste princip koji je baziran na mogućnosti poboljšanja koštane gustoće mehaničkim opterećenjem koje napreže kost i potiče koštano stvaranje. Uobičajeno se koriste vježbe s progresivnim otporom, trening s opterećenjem i trening balansa. Rehabilitacija nakon vertebralnih prijeloma uz primjenu vježbi može poboljšati kvalitetu života, smanjiti kroničnu bol, poboljšati držanje, obrazac hoda, funkcionalni status i kvalitetu kosti. Ključ uspjeha rehabilitacije gerijatrijske populacije nakon prijeloma u području kuka je uključivanje multidisciplinarnog tima i rana mobilizacija. Zbog niske mišićne mase i snage osobe sa sarkopenijom mogu imati poteškoće s pokretljivošću i promjene u držanju koje mogu povećati rizik od padova i prijeloma. Među važne uzroke učestalih padova u starijoj populaciji ubrajaju se razni komorbiditeti, kognitivno oštećenje, lijekovi i prepreke iz okoliša. Okolišni čimbenici uključuju tip površine po kojoj se osoba kreće, rasvjetu, namještaj, različite prepreke i nepostojanje rukohvata. Tjelesna aktivnost, posebno prilagođene vježbe snaženja mišića, vježbe ravnoteže i korigiranje obrasca hoda, mogu smanjiti rizik od pada. Vertebralni prijelomi i prijelomi kuka imaju znatno veći i dugotrajniji utjecaj na kvalitetu života bolesnika u odnosu na ostale prijelome. Prijelomi kuka u gerijatrijskog populaciji imaju negativni utjecaj na sve aspekte života i značajan negativni učinak na kvalitetu života. U prilog tome govore podaci da se samo 40 – 60 % bolesnika oporavi na razinu pokretljivosti prije prijeloma, a do 70 % na razinu aktivnosti u osnovnim aktivnostima dnevnog života.
Adult deformities of the spine, especially in older population, significantly contribute to morbidity of these patients. Although the spectrum of causes is diverse, most often these are newly formed ...deformations based on degenerative changes of the spine. Apart from pain, feelings of tension and other unpleasant symptoms of adult deformity, they result in biomechanical disorders, reduced mobility, and sometimes neurological deficits. Overall, spinal deformities in adults cause significant disability and poor quality of life (physical and psychological), while on the other hand, they are relatively neglected in everyday practice. Therefore, in this paper we give a narrative review of the latest findings on etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, imaging diagnostics, treatment (conservative and surgical), and postoperative rehabilitation of patients with adult spine deformities of the most common causes.
SAŽETAK
Adultne deformacije kralježnice značajno pridonose morbiditetu, napose starije popupacije. Iako je spektar uzroka raznolik najčešće se radi o novonastalim deformacijama na temelju ...degenerativnih promjena kralježnice. Osim bolova, osjećaja napetosti i drugih neugodnih simptoma, adultne deformacije rezultiraju biomehaničkim poremećajima, smanjenom pokretljivosti, a ponekad i neurološkim deficitima. Sveukupno, deformacije kralježnice u odraslih osoba uzrokuju značajnu onesposobljenost i lošiju kvalitetu života (fizičku i psihičku), dok su s druge strane u svakodnevnoj kliničkoj praksi relativno zanemarena patologija odrasle dobi. Stoga u ovom radu dajemo natativni pregled najnovijih spoznaja o etiopatogenezi, kliničkoj slici, slikovnoj dijagnostici, liječenju (konzervativnom i kirurškom) i postoperativnoj rehabilitaciji bolesnika s adultnim deformacijama najčešćih uzroka.
Vratobolja je jedna od najčešćih mišićnokoštanih bolesti koja rezultira značajnom boli i nesposobnosti te ima velik utjecaj na individualnoj razini, kao i na zdravstveni sustav i društvo u cjelini. ...Uzroci vratobolje su različiti, a etiološki prevladavaju oni mehanički povezani s degenerativnim promjenama vratne kralježnice. Svjedočimo raznim dijagnostičkim i terapijskim pristupima za ove bolesnike. Hrvatsko vertebrološko društvo Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora predstavlja sveobuhvatni narativni pregled i smjernice za dijagnozu i liječenje bolesnika s vratoboljom, s naglaskom na najčešće uzroke. Smjernice su rezultat konsenzusa stručnjaka različitih specijalnosti, a temelje se na najboljim dokazima. Prvi dio se odnosi na dijagnostiku, a drugi, njemu komplementarni dio odnosi se na terapiju. Dijagnostički dio smjernica (1. dio) obuhvaća: klinička obilježja i evaluaciju (uključivo strukturirane upitnike), laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, slikovne metode, neurofiziološko testiranje i minimalno invazivne dijagnostičke procedure. Dio smjernica o liječenju (2. dio) uključuje: farmakološko liječenje, tjelesne medicinske vježbe, trakciju, manualnu terapiju, metode fizikalne terapije, primjenu ortoza, minimalno invazivne terapijske intervencije, kirurško liječenje, rehabilitaciju nakon kirurških zahvata i psihijatrijski pristup. Ovo su prve hrvatske smjernice za vratobolju primarno namijenjene liječničkoj profesionalnoj zajednici.
Neck pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal diseases which results in considerable pain and disability, and has a great impact on individual level, as well as on health-care system, and ...overall society. Causes of neck pain are different, and prevailing aetiology are mechanical reasons associated with degenerative changes of cervical spine. We are witnessing various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these patients. The Croatian Society for Vertebrology of the Croatian Medical Association is presenting a comprehensive narrative review and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of neck pain, focusing on the most prevalent causes. The guidelines are the result of consensus of experts of different background, based on the best available evidence. Part 1 relates to diagnosis, while the complementary Part 2 relates to treatment. For the diagnostic part (Part 1) the guidelines encompass: clinical features and evaluation (including questionnaires), laboratory tests, imaging, neurophysiology tests, and minimally invasive diagnostic procedures. The management part (Part 2) includes: pharmacology treatment, physical exercise, traction, manual therapies, physical therapy modalities, orthotics, minimally invasive therapeutic interventions, surgical treatment, rehabilitation after surgical procedures, and psychiatric approach. These are the first Croatian guidelines for neck pain intended in the first place for the physicians’ professional community.
Neck pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal diseases which results in considerable pain and disability, and has a great impact on individual level, as well as on health-care system, and ...overall society. Causes of neck pain are different, and prevailing aetiology are mechanical reasons associated with degenerative changes of cervical spine. We are witnessing various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these patients. The Croatian Society for Vertebrology of the Croatian Medical Association is presenting a comprehensive narrative review and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of neck pain, focusing on the most prevalent causes. The guidelines are the result of consensus of experts of different background, based on the best available evidence. This part (Part 1) relates to diagnosis, while the complementary part (Part 2) relates to treatment. For the diagnostic part (Part 1) the guidelines encompass: clinical features and evaluation (including questionnaires), laboratory tests, imaging, neurophysiology tests, and minimally invasive diagnostic procedures. The management part (Part 2) includes: pharmacology treatment, physical exercise, traction, manual therapies, physical therapy modalities, orthotics, minimally invasive therapeutic interventions, surgical treatment, rehabilitation after surgical procedures, and psychiatric approach. These are the first Croatian guidelines for neck pain intended in the first place for the physicians’ professional community.
Vratobolja je jedna od najčešćih mišićnokoštanih bolesti koja rezultira značajnom boli i nesposobnosti te ima velik utjecaj na individualnoj razini, kao i na zdravstveni sustav i društvo u cjelini. ...Uzroci vratobolje su različiti, a etiološki prevladavaju oni mehanički povezani s degenerativnim promjenama vratne kralješnice. Svjedočimo raznim dijagnostičkim i terapijskim pristupima za ove bolesnike. Hrvatsko vertebrološko društvo Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora predstavlja sveobuhvatni narativni pregled i smjernice za dijagnozu i liječenje bolesnika s vratoboljom, s naglaskom na najčešće uzroke. Smjernice su rezultat konsenzusa stručnjaka različitih specijalnosti, a temelje se na najboljim dokazima. Ovaj prvi dio odnosi se na dijagnostiku, a drugi njemu komplementarni dio odnosi se na terapiju. Dijagnostički dio smjernica (1. dio) obuhvaća: klinička obilježja i evaluaciju (uključivo strukturirane upitnike), laboratorijsku dijagnostiku, slikovne metode, neurofiziološko testiranje i minimalno invazivne dijagnostičke postupke. Dio smjernica o liječenju (2. dio) uključuje: farmakološko liječenje, tjelesne medicinske vježbe, trakciju, manualnu terapiju, metode fizikalne terapije, primjenu ortoza, minimalno invazivne terapijske intervencije, kirurško liječenje, rehabilitaciju nakon kirurških zahvata i psihijatrijski pristup. Ovo su prve hrvatske smjernice za vratobolju primarno namijenjene liječničkoj profesionalnoj zajednici.
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