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•Ce-modified catalyst revealed excellent NH3-SCR activity and hydrothermal stability.•The interaction between Ce and copper species enhanced after hydrothermal aging.•The introduction ...of Ce could prevent the aggregation of Cu species to form CuOx.•Ce doping could promote the NH3 and NOx adsorption capacity of the catalyst.
3wt.% Cu/SSZ-13 (Cu3/Z) and Ce modified 3wt.% Cu/SSZ-13 (Ce-Cu3/Z) catalysts were prepared and then hydrothermally aged. The Ce-modified Ce-Cu3/Z catalyst revealed excellent NH3-SCR activity and hydrothermal stability. Combined with a series of characterizations, it was proved that the introduction of Ce could inhibit the dealumination, and prevent the aggregation of Cu ions to form CuOx and CuAl2O4 species upon hydrothermal aging, thus improving the hydrothermal stability of Ce-Cu3/Z. In addition, Ce could interact with Cu species to enhance the reducibility of catalyst, and the interaction between Ce and Cu species was strengthened after hydrothermal aging. Also, the presence of Ce species could enhance the NH3 and NOx adsorption capacity of the catalyst, resulting in higher NH3-SCR activity of Ce-Cu3/Z after hydrothermaly aged at 700 °C. In situ DRIFTS results showed that the NH3-SCR reaction followed both E-R and L-H mechanisms on the Cu3/Z-700 and Ce-Cu3/Z-700 catalysts at 150 °C. Ce doping could promote the formation of L-NH3 (NH3 species coordinated to Lewis acid sites) and nitrate species on the Ce-Cu3/Z-700 catalyst, as well as the involvement of L-NH3 in the reaction, which play a crucial role as the main active intermediates at low temperature.
In this paper, the polynomial solutions in terms of Jacobi’s elliptic functions of the KdV equation with a self-consistent source (KdV-SCS) are presented. The extended (G′/G)-expansion method is ...utilized to obtain exact traveling wave solutions of the KdV-SCS, which finally are expressed in terms of the hyperbolic function, the trigonometric function, and the rational function. Meanwhile we find the Lie point symmetry and Lie symmetry group and give several group-invariant solutions for the KdV-SCS. Finally, we supplement the results of the Painlevé property in our previous work and get the Bäcklund transformations of the KdV-SCS.
In order to improve the accuracy of the commutation of the brushless DC motor rotor, considering that the traditional modulation method will be affected by the conduction voltage drop of the switch ...tube and the freewheeling diode, resulting in the non-conduction phase freewheeling during the non-commutation period Torque ripple, which is also the main cause of torque ripple. Therefore, it is a positionless control method that controls the non-conducting phase torque ripple PWM_ON_PWM modulation. However, due to PWM modulation, off-phase freewheeling will inevitably occur. For this, the resonant DC link soft-switching inverter topology is used to suppress the off-phase freewheeling. Through experiments and simulations, it is proved that these combined methods can effectively reduce the size of torque ripple.
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of capecitabine/cisplatin (XP) combined with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma ...(ASCC).
Method and materials
All patients with ASCC who received radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the past 8 years were screened. Patients who received XP or mitomycin/5-fluorouracil (MF) were selected and analyzed retrospectively.
Results
ASCC is an uncommon cancer, there were 36 patients were included in our study. The XP group and MF group included 18 patients each. The clinical complete response (cCR) rates in the XP group and the MF group were 94.4% and 88.9%, respectively (P = 1). The 2-year local control (LC), disease-free survival (DFS), and colostomy-free survival (CFS) rates were higher in the XP group than in the MF group (100% vs 93.3%, P = 0.32). Hematologic toxicities, especially grade ≥ 3 leukopenia (11.1% vs 44.4%, P = 0.06) and neutropenia (5.6% vs 61.1%, P = 0.001), were lower in the XP group than MF group. As a result of fewer side effects, fewer patients in the XP group demanded the dose reduction of chemotherapy (11.1% vs 50%, P = 0.03) and radiation interruption (55.6% vs 77.8%, P = 0.289). Delayed radiotherapy was shorter in the XP group (2.5 vs 6.5 days, P = 0.042) than in the MF group.
Conclusion
The XP regimen was as effective as the MF regimen in non-metastatic ASCC. Compared with the standard MF regimen, XP combined with IMRT showed higher treatment completion and lower toxicities. It could be considered a feasible alternative for patients with non-metastatic ASCC.
We study the permanence of a classofsingle species system with distributed time delay and feedback controls. General criteria on permanence are established in this paper. A very important fact is ...found in our results; that is, the feedback control is harmless to the permanence of species.
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Background: Tri-modality therapy (TMT) is an alternative to radical cystectomy for selected muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients with bladder-preserving will. Neoadjuvant treatment ...makes chance for imperfect patients to turn into ideal bladder-sparing patients. This phase 2 study aimed to explore the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus tislelizumab followed by radiotherapy as a strategy of bladder-sparing therapy for high risk/locally advanced MIBC (Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100045213). Methods: Pathological and imaging diagnosed cT2-4bN0-3M0-1a MIBC received 3-4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin or carboplatin) plus tislelizumab (200mg every three weeks for one year). Radiotherapy (60.4-64.4 Gy /1.8Gy/33-35f to bladder with 50.4 Gy/1.8Gy/28f to pelvic) were given to patients with non- progressed disease (PD) after neoadjuvant therapy. The primary endpoint was complete response rate (CR, including T0/Ta/Tis), and the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), bladder-intact disease free survival (BI-DFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity. Results: The simple size is 43 participants. Until now, 28 patients were included, of which 23 patients received radiotherapy and 16 patients finished efficacy evaluation with imaging and cystoscopic biopsy after radiotherapy. Median follow-up time was 14.2 (1.5-17.4) months (m). Two of the 16 patients were Tis and 14 were T0 after radiotherapy, indicating the primary CR rate were 100%. For the 2 patients with Tis received BCG vaccine intravesical perfusion, and T0 was achieved when the second therapy evaluation. No patient died and only one patient had distant metastasis. The one-year PFS rate, one-year BI-DFS and one-year OS were 100%. Grade 3 and 4 hematological system adverse events were 23.3% and 2.3%. One patient had reduced bladder capacity (100-200 mL) with 2-h intervals of micturition, and 3 patients had frequency with urgency, nocturia and dysuria. Three patients had grade1 immunotherapy related abnormality of thyroidal function and 3 patients suffered from grade 2 myositis. The current bladder-preserving therapies research were well-tolerated with acceptable and manageable toxicities. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus tislelizumab followed by radiotherapy showed perfect efficacy and acceptable toxicities, which maybe an optimal strategy for high risk/locally advanced MIBC patients with bladder-preserving willingness. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2100045213 .
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) in combination with arsenic trioxide (As
2
O
3
) on the proliferation and differentiation of HL-60 cells. The ...HL-60 cells were treated with 300 µg/mL TMP, 0.5 µM As
2
O
3
, and 300 µg/mL TMP combined with 0.5 µM As
2
O
3
, respectively. The proliferative inhibition rates were determined with MTT. Differentiation was detected by the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test, Wright's staining and the distribution of CD11b and CD14. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle distribution. RT-PCR and Western blot assays were employed to detect the expressions of c-myc, p27, CDK2, and cyclin E1. Combination treatment had synergistic effects on the proliferative inhibition rates. The rates were increased gradually after the combination treatment, much higher than those treated with the corresponding concentration of As
2
O
3
alone. The cells exhibited characteristics of mature granulocytes and a higher NBT-reducing ability, being a 2.6-fold increase in the rate of NBT-positive ratio of HL-60 cells within the As
2
O
3
treatment versus almost a 13-fold increase in the TMP + As
2
O
3
group. Cells treated with both TMP and As
2
O
3
expressed far more CD11b antigens, almost 2-fold compared with the control group. Small doses of TMP potentiate As
2
O
3
-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, possibly by regulating the expression and activity of G0/G1 phase-arresting molecules. Combination treatment of TMP with As
2
O
3
has significant synergistic effects on the proliferative inhibition of HL-60 cells.
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•The addition of PG improved the stability of emulsion stabilized by WPI.•Emulsion stability was mainly dominated by the steric and electrostatic repulsion.•Emulsions prepared with ...WPI/PG exhibited good stability to storage time and NaCl.•The apparent viscosity of WPI/PG emulsion increased with increasing PG.•Emulsions showed better stability stabilized by WPI/PG than WPI/AG.
The effect of pure gum (PG) on the properties of oil-in-water emulsions prepared with whey protein isolate (WPI) was studied at different pH (3–7). The mean particle diameters, turbidity, rheological properties and stability of the emulsions stabilized by the WPI/PG mixture were evaluated. The results showed that the emulsion prepared with WPI/PG had a small particle size and good stability, because the WPI/PG mixture created a relatively thick surface layer, reducing interactions between droplets through steric repulsion. All the emulsions exhibited shear-thinning behaviors at tested shear rates in the range 0.1–300s−1, the apparent viscosity of WPI/PG emulsions increased with increasing the PG concentration under different pH. A viscosity hysteresis phenomenon was observed in the process of heating up, which meant that the apparent viscosity was not a single-valued function of temperature. The emulsions prepared with WPI/PG (pH 3, 6% PG) were more resistant to environmental stress than those coated with WPI/arabic gum (AG). The experimental results have implications for the development of emulsion-based delivery systems for use in food and beverage products.
Delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) is important in cervical cancer radiotherapy. But it is generally labor-intensive, time-consuming, and subjective. This paper ...proposes a parallel-path attention fusion network (PPAF-net) to overcome these disadvantages in the delineation task.
The PPAF-net utilizes both the texture and structure information of CTV and OARs by employing a U-Net network to capture the high-level texture information, and an up-sampling and down-sampling (USDS) network to capture the low-level structure information to accentuate the boundaries of CTV and OARs. Multi-level features extracted from both networks are then fused together through an attention module to generate the delineation result.
The dataset contains 276 computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with cervical cancer of staging IB-IIA. The images are provided by the West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Simulation results demonstrate that PPAF-net performs favorably on the delineation of the CTV and OARs (e.g., rectum, bladder and etc.) and achieves the state-of-the-art delineation accuracy, respectively, for the CTV and OARs. In terms of the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and the Hausdorff Distance (HD), 88.61% and 2.25 cm for the CTV, 92.27% and 0.73 cm for the rectum, 96.74% and 0.68 cm for the bladder, 96.38% and 0.65 cm for the left kidney, 96.79% and 0.63 cm for the right kidney, 93.42% and 0.52 cm for the left femoral head, 93.69% and 0.51 cm for the right femoral head, 87.53% and 1.07 cm for the small intestine, and 91.50% and 0.84 cm for the spinal cord.
The proposed automatic delineation network PPAF-net performs well on CTV and OARs segmentation tasks, which has great potential for reducing the burden of radiation oncologists and increasing the accuracy of delineation. In future, radiation oncologists from the West China Hospital of Sichuan University will further evaluate the results of network delineation, making this method helpful in clinical practice.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to explore the contingency effects of personality composition on the shard leadership and entrepreneurial team performance relationship and ...second, to examine different contingency effects that team personality mean score and team personality diversity have on the shared leadership – entrepreneurial team performance relationship, using the person-team fit theory and the Big-5 framework.
Design/methodology/approach
The sample consisted of 200 entrepreneurial teams in a technology incubator founded in 2009 in eastern China. Data were collected through an online survey.
Findings
Team conscientiousness level and team openness to experience diversity were found to interact with shared leadership to influence team effectiveness in a supplementary way, such that the relationship between shared leadership and team effectiveness will be stronger when the team’s mean score on conscientiousness level is high and diversity score on openness to experience is low. Another finding from this study is that team diversity scores on emotional stability and agreeableness interact with shared leadership in a complementary way; that is, the higher the diversity score, the better influence shared leadership has on team effectiveness.
Practical implications
First, this study provides policy implications for government agencies, foundations, and universities who provide support for start-ups in incubators. These institutions should know the importance of entrepreneurial team composition and team process to start-up performance and should provide entrepreneurial teams support in team development. Second, the study provides entrepreneurs with implications regarding team member selection.
Originality/value
This is one of the first papers to study the interaction between personality composition and shared leadership and its impact on new venture performance. These findings advance the literature on moderators of shared leadership by demonstrating that team personality composition on conscientiousness, openness to experience, emotional stability, and agreeableness moderates the relationship between shared leadership and entrepreneurial team performance.
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