•Biological potential was assessed for 21 plant species from Spanish flora.•The phenolic content, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity were analyzed.•Phenolic content and activity were ...determined for the first time for some analyzed species.•Antioxidant activity of some investigated plants was similar to Ginkgo biloba extract.•Investigated species can be considered a new source of natural products.
In the presented study, a comparative analysis of phenolic compounds, parallel with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of selected plants from Spanish medicinal flora was conducted. Total phenolic content, flavonoid concentrantions, antioxidant activity and antioxidant capacity, as well as antimicrobial activity were determined for methanolic extracts from 21 medicinal or potential medicinal plants sampled from eight different locations on the teritory of Spain. The phenolic content, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity were determined for the first time for some analyzed species. Results for total phenolic content determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and expressed in term of gallic acid equivalent, GAE (mg of GA/g of extract) ranged from 35.67 to 286.18mg of GA/g of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids determined using spectrophotometric method with aluminium chloride and expressed in terms of rutin equivalent, RuE (mg of Ru/g of extract) ranged from 31.58 to 147.34mg of Ru/g of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) reagent and was expressed as IC50 (concentration of sample which is required to scavenge 50% of radicals), where values ranged from 123.80 to 14.77μg/ml. Obtained results for antioxidant capacity evaluated using the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction method ranged from 190.00 to 19.00min. Antimicrobial activities of the studied methanol extracts were determined against three gram positive, three gram negative and two fungal strains using microdilution method. Investigated extracts exhibited variable activities with minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.01-20.00mg/ml. A significant relation was noticed between the phenolic content, antioxidant activity analyzed through both methods and antimicrobial activity. High amounts of phenolics responsible for the good biological activity of the extracts from the tested plants is in connection with the local, zonal imposed habitat characteristics. The findings of our comparative study and interpretations of the obtained results promote the Mediterranean medicinal flora as an effective source of bioactive substances.
There are no universally accepted opinions about the choice of surgical technique and outcome of surgery for cholesteatoma in different age groups and localizations.
A prospective study of 758 ...patients with cholesteatomas was performed. They were divided into three age groups: children younger than 9 years, adolescents aged 10-16 years, and adults. Cholesteatoma was classified as: attic, sinus and tensa cholesteatoma. Classical canal wall-up or wall-down tympanoplasty was performed in all the cases, and reoperation was done later if needed. Anatomical and functional results were followed up regularly, and evaluated 3 years after the operations.
During the postoperative course, after 3 years, retraction of the neomembrane was found in 23.8% of younger children, 27.6% of adolescents, and in 9.9% of adults. Recurrent cholesteatomas were more than twice as frequent in children (19.0%) as in adults (9.4%). Reoperation was performed in 38.1% of children and in 9.4% adults. In one fourth of pediatric cholesteatoma reoperations, conversion to open tympanoplasty was done. Retraction and recurrent disease were present in about 10% of attic and sinus cholesteatomas, and in 15.5% of tensa cholesteatomas.
Postoperative audiological results of cholesteatoma surgery in children are comparable to adults. Retraction pockets, recurrent cholesteatomas and reoperations are twice as frequent in the pediatric group as in adults. The worst anatomical and functional results are achieved in tensa cholesteatomas. The age of the patient and localization of cholesteatoma are very important factors that determine the type of surgical procedure and the results of surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma. A closed technique is better for attic and sinus cholesteatomas, while in tensa cholesteatomas, an open technique seems more appropriate.
This study deals with total phenolic content, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of methanolic extracts from different Teucrium species and the effect on the prooxidant/antioxidant status in ...HCT-116 cells. The total phenolic content of the extracts was measured spectrophotometricaly and the obtained results ranged from 56.62 mg/g to 172.50 mg GA/g. The antiproliferative activity of methanolic extracts from different Teucrium species was determined using MTT cell viability assay, where IC(50) value was used as a parameter for cytotoxicity. The type of cell death was explored by fluorescence microscopy using the acridin orange/ethidium bromide method. MTT assay showed that all extracts significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with very low IC(50) values. The highest content of phenolic compounds and the best cytotoxic activity on HCT-116 cells after 24 h of exposure was in T. chamaedrys extract, with IC(50) values of 5.48 × 10(-9) μg/mL. After 72 h, methanolic extract of T. arduini appeared to have the best cytotoxic activity on HCT-116, with IC(50) values of 0.37 μg/mL. Treatments caused typical apoptotic morphological changes in HCT-116 cells and showed a high percentage of apoptotic cells. The results of the presented research indicate that some Teucrium extracts are a very rich source of phenols, which may directly contribute to high antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity.
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•Secoiridoid glycosides and loganic acid were major components in G. cruciata extracts.•Orientin, vitexin and two isovitexin-glucosides were also identified in extracts.•The ...antioxidant activity of aerial part extract was higher than that of roots extract.•pH changes and high temperature did not affect antioxidant properties of extracts.•Extracts showed antigenotoxicity against CCl4 in the liver of albino Wistar rats.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of methanol extracts of Gentiana cruciata L. aerial parts and roots, as well as the stability of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of extracts during heating, at different pHs and after an in vitro digestion procedure. Also, their genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity against carbon tetrachloride in the liver of albino Wistar rats using the comet assay were evaluated. Three secoiridoid glycosides (swertiamarin, gentiopicrin, and sweroside) and four phenolic compounds (orientin, vitexin and two isovitexin-glucosides) were identified as the major constituents in aerial parts and roots of G. cruciata, using UHPLC-DAD/±HESI-MS/MS analysis. The results of antioxidant assays showed that aerial parts displayed higher antioxidant activity compared to the roots, which could be related to higher phenolics content, especially flavonoids. In general, extracts showed pH and thermal stability, while duodenal condition had more influence on total phenolic condition and antioxidant activity of extracts. Both extracts showed a protective effect against CCl4 in comet assays. The roots extract showed no genotoxic activity, while aerial parts extract showed slight genotoxicity at concentrations of 400mg/kg b.w.
The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic content, concentrations of flavonoids and in vitro antioxidant activity of twenty different extracts from the plant and plant parts (leaves, ...flowers and stems) of Teucrium montanum L. var. montanum, f. supinum (L.) Reichenb. The total phenolic content in the extracts was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their amounts ranged between 8.33 to 169.06 mg GA/g. The concentrations of flavonoids in plant extracts varied from 3.96 to 88.31 mg RU/g. Antioxidant activity was analyzed in vitro using DPPH reagent, activity expressed as IC
50
and obtained results ranged from 29.41 to 2408.47 μg/mL. Parallel to the analysis of T. montanum, Ginkgo biloba L. and Green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) extracts were analyzed for comparison, and the results indicated that some extracts of T. montanum were equal in activity with Ginkgo or Green tea and some appeared to have greater activity. Based on these results of investigation, it could be concluded that T. montanum is a rich source of phenolic compounds as natural antioxidans of high value.
The incidence of hearing loss is constantly increasing and according to the World Health Organization, by 2050, 900 million people will suffer from hearing loss. The main Objective of the study was ...to determine the differences between the severity of the symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression in participants with varying degrees of sensorineural hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic. An additional aim was to examine the extent and manner in which protective face masks impact the communication of people with hearing loss. Matrials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, which included 160 patients (81 men and 79 women) with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The patients' age range was 50 to 80 years. Depending on the degree of hearing loss or pure-tone threshold, the participants were divided into four groups: mild hearing loss, moderate hearing loss, severe hearing loss and profound hearing loss. The research used the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and a questionnaire in which the participants reported whether surgical face masks (medical three-layer masks) worn by speakers makes communication difficult, to what extent and in what way.
The average age of the patients was 67.97 ± 8.16. A significant correlation was found between the degree of hearing loss and communication difficulties caused by the use of protective face masks (
< 0.001). For patients with severe and profound hearing loss, communication is significantly more difficult (50.0% and 45.0% respectively) when the interlocutor wears a face mask. There is a significant correlation between the degree of hearing loss and the way in which communication is made more difficult when the interlocutor wears a face mask (
< 0.001). A statistically significant difference was determined between the degrees of hearing loss in all measured subscales: stress (
= 0.024), anxiety (
= 0.026) and depression (
= 0.016).
We have determined that face masks used during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly hamper communication among the study groups (
= 0.007) and there is a significant correlation between the degree of sensorineural hearing loss and the presence of symptoms in all three DASS-21 subscales, meaning that the symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression were more intense in severe and profound hearing loss.
Grewia asiatica L., is a species native to south Asia from Pakistan, east to Cambodia, cultivated primarily for its edible fruit and well-reputed for its diverse medicinal uses. Fruits are a rich ...source of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals and contain various bioactive compounds, like anthocyanins, tannins, phenolics and flavonoids. Different parts of this plant possess different pharmacological properties. Leaves have antimicrobial, anticancer, antiplatelet and antiemetic activities; fruit possess anticancer, antioxidant, radioprotective and antihyperglycemic properties; while stem bark possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. This review focuses on the botanical description, phytochemistry, nutritional studies and pharmacological properties of this plant.
Total phenolic content, concentration of flavonoids and in vitro antioxidant activity of twenty different extracts from the whole plant and plant parts (leaves, flowers and stems) of Teucrium polium ...were determined. The total phenolic contents ranged between 14.57 to 157.84 mg of GaA/g of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids varied from 6.48 to 139.87 mg of Ru/g of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH reagent and expressed as concentration of each extract required to inhibit radical by 50% (IC50) values that ranged from 26.30 to 2190.75 µg/ml. The methanolic leaves extract contain the greatest concentration of phenolic compounds (157.84 mg of GaA/g) and showed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 26.30 µg/ml). Ginkgo and Green tea extracts were analyzed for comparison, and the results indicated that some extracts of T. polium were equal in activity with Ginkgo or Green tea and some appeared to have greater activity. The obtained results suggest strong antioxidant activity and large contribution of separate analysis for the maximum exploitation of active phenolic compounds from T. polium. Based on this information, plant parts of this plant are natural sources of antioxidant substances of high importance.
This Special Issue Book entitled ""Lamiaceae Species: Biology, Ecology and Practical Uses"" contributes to the knowledge of selected Lamiaceae species from several perspectives, such as diversity and ...phytogeography, taxonomy, ethnobotany, and quantitative and qualitative composition, as well as the biological activity of secondary metabolites.
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