Junction function: All‐organic isotype heterojunctions are formed through the band alignment of polymeric carbon nitride semiconductors (CN and CNS, see scheme), improving the efficiency of charge ...separation and prolonging the lifetime of charge carriers. These polymeric heterostructures demonstrate an excellent performance for heterogeneous photocatalysis, as shown in a hydrogen‐generation assay.
Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing has shown great promise beyond the conventional Boolean logic. Nanoscale electronic synapses, which have stringent demands for integration density, dynamic ...range, energy consumption, etc., are key computational elements of the brain-inspired neuromorphic system. Ferroelectric tunneling junctions have been shown to be ideal candidates to realize the functions of electronic synapses due to their ultra-low energy consumption and the nature of ferroelectric tunneling. Here, we report a new electronic synapse based on a three-dimensional vertical Hf0.5Zr0.5O2-based ferroelectric tunneling junction that meets the full functions of biological synapses. The fabricated three-dimensional vertical ferroelectric tunneling junction synapse (FTJS) exhibits high integration density and excellent performances, such as analog-like conductance transition under a training scheme, low energy consumption of synaptic weight update (1.8 pJ per spike) and good repeatability (>103 cycles). In addition, the implementation of pattern training in hardware with strong tolerance to input faults and variations is also illustrated in the 3D vertical FTJS array. Furthermore, pattern classification and recognition are achieved, and these results demonstrate that the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2-based FTJS has high potential to be an ideal electronic component for neuromorphic system applications.
In the self‐assembly of PdII ions and two different, but similarly shaped, ligands (1 and 2), neither random mixing nor self‐sorting of the two ligands into two unmixed structures was observed. ...Instead a mixed, yet sorted, Pd12(1)12(2)12 cantellated tetrahedron (and its pseudoisomer) was selectively formed, thus revealing a fine example of intramolecular self‐sorting. A case study showed that a homothetic ratio of >2 is necessary to observe cantellated tetrahedra.
Intramolecular self‐sorting: The complexation of PdII ions with two similarly shaped ligands with distinctly different bridging lengths has generated a Pd12(L1)12(L2)12 cantellated tetrahedron and its pseudoisomer in which the two ligands are mixed but are regularly mapped onto the polyhedral framework. A study showed that a homothetic ratio of >2 is necessary to observe cantellated tetrahedra.
Here an excellent trimodality imaging‐guided synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT)/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is proposed. To this end, a mixed‐metal Cu/Zn‐metal‐organic ...framework (MOF) is first assembled at room temperature on a nano‐scale. Interestingly, heating the MOF results in a Cu+/2+‐coexisting hollow porous structure. Subsequent heating treatment is used to integrate Mn2+ and MnO2 in the presence of manganese(II) acetylacetonate. The hollow composite achieves efficient loading of a photosensitizer, indocyanine green (ICG). Under laser irradiation, the aggregated ICG achieves photothermal imaging and PTT. Once released in the tumor site, ICG exhibits fluorescence imaging and PDT capacity. Cu+/Mn2+ ions perform Fenton‐like reaction with H2O2 to produce cytotoxic •OH for the enhanced CDT. Cu2+/MnO2 scavenge glutathione to improve the reactive oxygen species‐based therapy, while the formed Mn2+ ions enable “turn on” magnetic resonance imaging. Significantly, O2 is produced from the catalytic decomposition of endogenous H2O2 to improve ICG‐mediated PDT. Moreover, photothermal‐induced local hyperthermia accelerates •OH generation to enhance CDT. This synergistic drug‐free antitumor strategy realizes high treatment efficacy and low side effects on normal tissues. Thus, this mixed‐metal MOF is an efficient strategy to realize hollow structures for multi‐function integration to improve therapeutic capacity.
A mixed‐metal metal‐organic framework strategy is proposed to form a hollow structure, integrating mixed‐metals with mixed‐valences, and loading indocyanine green. The composite enables photothermal/magnetic resonance/fluorescence imaging‐guided photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemodynamic therapy. High therapeutic efficiency and negligible side effects are realized as non‐drug treatment.
Although the energy consumption of reported neuromorphic computing devices inspired by biological systems has become lower than traditional memory, it still remains greater than bio‐synapses (≈10 fJ ...per spike). Herein, a flexible MoS2‐based heterosynapse is designed with two modulation modes, an electronic mode and a photoexcited mode. A one‐step mechanical exfoliation method on flexible substrate and low‐temperature atomic layer deposition process compatible with flexible electronics are developed for fabricating wearable heterosynapses. With a pre‐spike of 100 ns, the synaptic device exhibits ultralow energy consumption of 18.3 aJ per spike in long‐term potentiation and 28.9 aJ per spike in long‐term depression. The ultrafast speed and ultralow power consumption provide a path for a neuromorphic computing system owning more excellent processing ability than the human brain. By adding optical modulation, a modulatory synapse is constructed to dynamically control correlations between pre‐ and post‐synapses and realize complex global neuromodulations. The novel wearable heterosynapse expands the accessible range of synaptic weights (ratio of facilitation ≈228%), providing an insight into the application of wearable 2D highly efficient neuromorphic computing architectures.
A flexible MoS2‐based heterosynapse is designed with electronic and photoexcited modes. With an ultrafast pre‐spike of 100 ns, the synaptic device exhibits ultralow energy consumption of 18.3 aJ per spike in long‐term potentiation and 28.9 aJ per spike in long‐term depression. The ultrafast speed and ultralow power consumption pave the way for a computing system owning more excellent processing ability than the human brain.
With the advent of wearable microelectronic devices in the interdisciplinary bio-electronics research field, synaptic devices with capability of neuromorphic computing are attracting more and more ...attention as the building blocks for the next generation computing structure. Conventional flash-like synaptic transistors are built on rigid solid-state substrates, and the inorganic materials and the high-temperature processing steps have severely limited their applications in various flexible electronic devices and systems. Here, flexible organic flash-like synaptic devices have been fabricated on a flexible substrate with the organic C8-BTBT as the conducting channel. The device exhibits a memory window greater than 20 V and excellent synaptic functions including short/long-term synaptic plasticity and spike-timing-dependent plasticity. In addition, even under the bending condition (7 mm bending radius), the transistor can still stably achieve a variety of synaptic functions. This work shows that low-temperature processing technology with the integration of organic materials can pave a promising pathway for the realization of flexible synaptic systems and the future development of wearable electronic devices.
Flexible organic flash-like synaptic devices have been fabricated on a flexible substrate with the organic C8-BTBT as the conducting channel.
With the development and application of artificial intelligence, there is an appeal to the exploitation of various sensors and memories. As the most important perception of human beings, vision ...occupies more than 80% of all the received information. Inspired by biological eyes, an artificial retina based on 2D Janus MoSSe was fabricated, which could simulate functions of visual perception with electronic/ion and optical comodulation. Furthermore, inspired by human brain, sensing, memory, and neuromorphic computing functions were integrated on one device for multifunctional intelligent electronics, which was beneficial for scalability and high efficiency. Through the formation of faradic electric double layer (EDL) at the metal-oxide/electrolyte interfaces could realize synaptic weight changes. On the basis of the optoelectronic performances, light adaptation of biological eyes, preprocessing, and recognition of handwritten digits were implemented successfully. This work may provide a strategy for the future integrated sensing-memory-processing device for optoelectronic artificial retina perception application.
With the rapid development of information technology in recent years, the country’s information reform in the field of education is advancing gradually. As the first link in the chain of lifelong ...education, the development of early childhood education informatization has become an essential component of the national education informatization construction. In order to better realize the gamification of early childhood education courses and strengthen the management and deepening of course resources, this paper analyzes the significance of the application of children’s games in teaching and the significance of the application of new media resources in children’s course games by combining the actual situation of education and the teaching advantages of new media resources. The paper studies the application of early childhood education teaching and the research on the development of gamification in early childhood education courses. In light of the fact that emerging preschool education products on the market cannot fully meet the requirements of preschool education informatization construction at the level of function and technology, this paper proposes a preschool education system based on mobile applications as well as a child-appropriate recommendation algorithm based on a multiattention mechanism. Experiments conducted on public data sets demonstrate that our algorithm is considerably superior to the benchmark algorithm.
Abstract
Objective
To observe the application effect of double‐tube negative pressure drainage in the repair of refractory wounds.
Methods
From January 2020 to April 2023, 50 patients undergoing ...refractory wound repair in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jiangsu were selected. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into an observation group and a control group, with 25 patients in each group. The observation group was treated with double‐tube negative pressure drainage inside and outside the wound, while the control group was treated with negative pressure drainage inside the wound. By two‐week observation, the wound healing status and complication rate after treatment, as well as the wound bacterial clearance rate, wound pain score and patient satisfaction 3, 7 and 14 d after treatment were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the efficacy.
Results
After treatment for two weeks, the observation group showed a higher grade A healing rate (92% vs. 60%,
X
2
= 7.018,
P
= 0.008), a higher wound bacterial clearance rate (100% vs. 76%,
X
2
= 6.818,
P
= 0.03), a lower pain score (1.44 ± 0.51 vs. 2.36 ± 0.49,
t
= ‐6.53,
P
< 0.01), a higher patient satisfaction score (8.48 ± 0.96 vs. 6.64 ± 0.95,
t
= 6.80,
P
< 0.01), and a lower complication rate (8% vs. 40%,
X
2
= 7.018,
P
= 0.008) compared with the control group.
Conclusion
Double‐tube negative pressure drainage has a significant application effect in the repair of refractory wounds. It can accelerate wound healing, shorten treatment time, effectively eliminate bacteria, relieve wound infection, reduce complications, alleviate pain and improve patient satisfaction. Therefore, the application, promotion and research of double‐tube negative pressure drainage should be strengthened in clinical practice.
Negative capacitance (NC) GeSn pFETs integrated with HfZrO x (HZO) ferroelectric film is demonstrated with sub-20 mV/decade subthreshold swing (SS) over two orders of magnitude of IDS. The ratio of ...remnant polarization to coercivity in HZO is significantly improved with the increasing of the annealing temperature from 400°C to 500°C, which contributes to the effective reduction of hysteresis in ferroelectric NC GeSn transistors. Ferroelectric NC GeSn pFET annealed at 500°C achieves a hysteresis of 70 mV while maintaining a steep SS dramatically lower than 60 mV/decade, and an improved IDS over control device without HZO.
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