In the present work, we report the outstanding magneto-elastic and magneto-caloric properties of a Tb-Co binary amorphous alloy. The glass forming ability (GFA) of Tb-Co binary alloys was studied and ...the best glass former was obtained near the eutectic point of the binary alloys. The magnetic properties of the eutectic Tb62.5Co37.5 amorphous alloy were measured, and it was found that the Tb62.5Co37.5 amorphous ribbons exhibited excellent magneto-elastic properties (the magnetostriction of nearly 470 ppm at 50 K under 5 T) and magneto-caloric properties (the peak magnetic entropy change of 9.3 Jkg−1K−1 at 92.5 K under 5 T). The mechanism for the improved GFA, magneto-caloric effect (MCE) and magneto-elastic properties of the Tb62.5Co37.5 amorphous ribbons was analyzed.
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•The Tb62.5Co37.5 amorphous alloy is found to be the best glass former in the Tb-Co binary alloys.•The alloy exhibits excellent magnetocaloric effect and magnetoelastic properties.•The high -ΔSmpeak value of the Tb62.5Co37.5 amorphous alloy is related to its high compositional moment.•The rigid rotation of the clusters in the amorphous alloy leads to its high magnetostriction.
The theory and application of fiber Bragg grating sensors are studied in this paper. The three-directional metallized fiber Bragg grating strain sensor with temperature compensation has been ...developed. The Metallization Technology of fiber grating is studied. The Metallization Technology Scheme of fiber grating is discussed in detail. The electroless composite nickel-plating process and the formula of nickel-plating process are given. A metal fiber grating strain sensor with temperature compensation is developed. The metal fiber grating sensor is fixed to the substrate by laser welding, and a one-way metal fiber grating strain sensor with temperature compensation is formed. Three unidirectional metallized fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are connected with the developed common welding blocks to form a three-directional strain flower. Comparing with resistance strain rosette stress test and its application in ship structure stress monitoring, the fiber grating strain sensor developed in this paper fully meets the requirements of large-scale structure long-term strain monitoring.
A newly developed Fe85B12La3 amorphous alloy with outstanding magneto-caloric effect (MCE) is reported. The glass forming ability of the Fe85B12La3 ternary alloy is good enough for it to be ...fabricated into amorphous ribbons. Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the amorphous alloy were examined. The Fe85B12La3 amorphous ribbon exhibit outstading MCE of a soft magnetic amorphous alloy with the −ΔSmpeak value is about 1.08 Jkg−1K−1 under 1 T, 1.82 Jkg−1K−1 under 2 T, 2.46 Jkg−1K−1 under 3 T, 3.04 Jkg−1K−1 under 4 T and 3.59 Jkg−1K−1 under 5 T at the Curie temperature (Tc) of 477.5 K, and the maximum adiabatic temperature rise (ΔTad) and the refrigeration cooling power is comparable to or even larger than those of other Fe-based metallic glass. The Fe85B12La3 amorphous alloy among the reported Fe-based amorphous alloys, indicating that the amorphous alloy is a good candidate for magnetic refrigerants near its Curie temperature.
It is expected that older adults with metabolic abnormalities may benefit from weight loss; however, data on this population are limited. Our study was to assess the effect of obesity and weight ...change on mortality risk in older adults with metabolic abnormalities.
A total of 3649 Chinese older adults aged 60–90 years with metabolic abnormalities were included between 2000 and 2014. Weight change between two health checkup periods was calculated. During a median follow-up period of 37 months, 503 all-cause mortality and 235 cardiovascular disease mortality occurred. Death rate was the lowest in overweight participants and in the participants with weight stability. After adjustment for covariates, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of overweight participants for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were 0.71 (0.59, 0.86) and 0.72 (0.55, 0.95), respectively, whereas obesity was not significantly associated with mortality risk. Furthermore, relative to weight stability, risks of mortality significantly increased with the increase in weight loss or weight gain, except small weight gain. These associations were unchanged when the participants were stratified by baseline covariates and even when several definitions of weight change were considered.
Overweight was associated with less mortality risk, and obesity was not associated with mortality risk in older adults with metabolic abnormalities. Mortality risk increased with the increase in weight loss or weight gain, regardless of body weight levels at the baseline. These findings suggest that maintaining a stable weight may be the best choice in older adults with metabolic abnormalities.
•Body weight and death were assessed in older adults with metabolic abnormalities.•The protective effect of overweight was determined, and no effect of obesity on death was observed.•Mortality risk increased with the increase in weight loss or weight gain.•Baseline body weight did not change the associations of weight change with death.•Maintaining a stable body weight may be the best choice in this population.
Summary
Introduction
Lymphoid enhancer‐binding factor‐1 (LEF1) is a target gene and central mediator of the Wnt signaling pathway. High LEF1 expression has been reported as a prognostic marker in ...several types of hematologic malignancies of adult patients.
Methods
In this study, LEF1 expression was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 122 children with newly diagnosed ALL treated on the China NPCAC97 protocols. Patients' samples were dichotomized at the median value of control group and divided into LEF1low and LEF1high groups.
Results
The LEF1 mRNA levels in patients with ALL were significantly higher than those of normal controls, and the LEF1 levels were dramatically decreased following induction therapy. In addition, LEF1high patients had lower white blood cell (WBC) count at diagnosis and lower minimal residual disease (MRD) levels at the time of complete remission as compared to LEF1low patients. Finally, our studies showed that high LEF1 expression is associated with favorable CR rate and overall survival (OS) in childhood ALL (5‐year OS: LEF1high 92% vs. LEF1low 73%, P = 0.009). High LEF1 level was associated with a favorable relapse‐free survival in standard‐risk patients and also related to a better OS within the subgroup of patients with BCR‐ABL‐negative ALL.
Conclusion
Overexpression of LEF1 is a favorable prognostic factor in childhood ALL. The prognostic impact of LEF1 may assist treatment stratification and suggest the need of alternative regimens.
The homeobox Six genes, homologues to Drosophila sine oculis ( so ) gene, are expressed in multiple organs during mammalian development. However, their roles during auditory system development have ...not been studied. We report that Six1 is required for mouse auditory system development. During inner ear development, Six1 expression was first detected in the ventral region of the otic pit and later is restricted to the middle and ventral otic vesicle within which, respectively, the vestibular and auditory epithelia form. By contrast, Six1 expression is excluded from the dorsal otic vesicle within which the semicircular canals form. Six1 is also expressed in the vestibuloacoustic ganglion. At E15.5, Six1 is expressed in all sensory epithelia of the inner ear. Using recently generated Six1 mutant mice, we found that all Six1 +/- mice showed some degree of hearing loss because of a failure of sound transmission in the middle ear. By contrast, Six1 -/- mice displayed malformations of the auditory system involving the outer, middle and inner ears. The inner ear development in Six1 -/- embryos arrested at the otic vesicle stage and all components of the inner ear failed to form due to increased cell death and reduced cell proliferation in the otic epithelium. Because we previously reported that Six1 expression in the otic vesicle is Eya1 dependent, we first clarified that Eya1 expression was unaffected in Six1 -/- otic vesicle, further demonstrating that the Drosophila Eya-Six regulatory cassette is evolutionarily conserved during mammalian inner ear development. We also analyzed several other otic markers and found that the expression of Pax2 and Pax8 was unaffected in Six1 -/- otic vesicle. By contrast, Six1 is required for the activation of Fgf3 expression and the maintenance of Fgf10 and Bmp4 expression in the otic vesicle. Furthermore, loss of Six1 function alters the expression pattern of Nkx5.1 and Gata3 , indicating that Six1 is required for regional specification of the otic vesicle. Finally, our data suggest that the interaction between Eya1 and Six1 is crucial for the morphogenesis of the cochlea and the posterior ampulla during inner ear development. These analyses establish a role for Six1 in early growth and patterning of the otic vesicle.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and mortality globally. Melatonin (Mel) is a neuroendocrine hormone synthesized from the pineal gland that protects against TBI. Yet, ...the precise mechanism of action is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the protective effect and regulatory pathways of melatonin in the TBI mice model using transcriptomics and bioinformatics analysis. The expression profiles of mRNA, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) were constructed using the whole transcriptomes sequencing technique. In total, 93 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs (DEmRNAs), 48 lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 59 miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and 59 circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were identified by the TBI mice with Mel treatment compared to the group without drug intervention. The randomly selected coding RNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) were identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). To further detect the biological functions and potential pathways of those differentially expressed RNAs, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were executed. In our research, the regulatory network was constructed to show the relationship of lncRNA-RBPs. The lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was established based on the Pearson coefficient to indicate the expression correlations. Moreover, the DEcircRNA–DEmiRNA–DEmRNA and DElncRNA–DEmiRNA–DEmRNA regulatory networks were constructed to demonstrate the regulatory relationship between ncRNAs and mRNA. Finally, to further verify our predicted results, cytoHubba was used to find the hub gene in the synaptic vesicle cycle pathway, and the expression level of SNAP-25 and VAMP-2 after melatonin treatment were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. To sum up, these data offer a new insight regarding the molecular effect of melatonin treatment after TBI and suggest that the high-throughput sequencing and analysis of transcriptomes are useful for studying the drug mechanisms in treatment after TBI.
Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia is a rare skeletal dysplasia mainly caused by abnormal autosomal recessive inheritance. Although the main function of cartilage is mechanical support and the ...characteristics of this disease is the degradation of AC, previous studies on it had been mainly focused on clinical and genetic aspects and the mechanical behavior of the cartilage affected by PPRD is still ambiguous. In this study, we investigate the mechanics and structure of the cartilage suffered disease at multi-scale, from individual chondrocytes to the bulk-scale tissue.
Depth-sensing indenter were employed to investigate the mechanics of cartilage; we performed atomic force microscope nanoindentation to investigate the cell mechanics and scanning electron microscopy were used to explore the structure feature and chemical composition.
The elastic modulus of chondrocytes harvested from cartilage suffered from progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia is significantly higher than from normal cartilage, same trend were also found in tissue level. Moreover, denser collagen meshwork and matrix calcification were also observed.
The elastic modulus of cartilage should closely related to its denser structure and the calcification, and may potentially be an indicator for clinical diagnosis. The stiffening of chondrocytes during PPRD progression should play a rather important role in its pathogenesis.
•The elastic modulus of pseudorheumatoid dysplasia cartilage was first measured.•Viscoelastic deformation was rigorously considered for accurate measurement.•Chondrocyte's elastic modulus influenced by pseudorheumatoid dysplasia was reported.
A good soil environment helps to ensure the healthy growth of flue-cured tobacco plants, and the nutrients therein profoundly affect the sustainable development of planted tobacco resources. In ...exploring the spatial variability characteristics of soil nutrients, visualization methods and the construction of a comprehensive soil fertility evaluation system can provide a scientific reference for determining the nutrient content of tobacco planting soil. Using a bibliometric approach, we collected 90 published papers from 2008 to 2022 from the Web of Science and CNKI databases on the spatial variation in soil nutrient characteristics of flue-cured tobacco planting soil, with a focus on the conditions found in China. The current situation and potential issues were analyzed according to the indicator selection frequency, spatial variation visualization method, and influencing factors. There were 20 indicators reflecting the soil nutrients of flue-cured tobacco planting soil. The frequency of available zinc was the highest at 42.86%, followed by phosphorus, organic matter, pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium. Among the visualization methods, Kriging interpolation was the most widely used, with an application frequency of 68.80%. The influencing factors were divided into natural and human ones. Principal component analysis was commonly used to screen indicators and determine weights, and the soil fertility suitability index was used to evaluate the spatially integrated fertility of soil nutrients for flue-cured tobacco planting. Available zinc, available phosphorus, soil organic matter, soil pH, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium are important evaluation indices for determining the spatial variability of soil nutrients in flue-cured tobacco planting soil. The selection of indicators, the determination of their weights, and method selection all significantly affect the accuracy of soil nutrient evaluation; thus, future work should focus on the development of a comprehensive evaluation system for tobacco planting soil that also considers trends associated with natural and human factors and their effects on spatial variability.
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