The process of desalting of a proline modelling solution by electrodialysis in five- and six-chamber electrodialysis apparatus was investigated. It has been shown that the process effectively ...proceeded in the six-chamber device. Changes of dry substances and pH of the proline modeling solution and also voltage in a circuit in the course of the desalting process were determined depending on the current density. Kinetic curves of migration of proline through a CМ-40 membrane in the desalting process have been registered and the optimum density of a current necessary to carry out the desalting process of proline solution has been determined. Kinetic curves of the proline solution desalting have shown that in optimal and close to optimal areas of current density 99.3%, desalting of the proline solution was achieved, while with a current higher than optimal the degree of desalting of solution was about 94.6%. It was shown that the obtained relationships of the desalting process of the proline modelling solution were completely reproduced in permeate desalting during the chalk-free L-proline, L-valine and L-alanine fermentations. On the basis of the obtained results, it is possible to develop technologically accessible electrodialysis of amino acids as well as other biologically active substance desalting from cultured liquids.
A new femtosecond correlation nonlinear optical profilometer with micron spatial resolution is proposed, in order to increase the measurement accuracy of the heterogeneity profile of a surface at a ...distance up to 1 km. The principle of operation of this profilometer is based on determining the distance to the scanned object by measuring the time interval between sequences of the base (probing) and reflected femtosecond laser pulses. Thereafter, the profile of a rough surface is reestablished by using the one-dimensional spatial distribution of second-harmonic radiation as the space-time coupling of the sequences of the probing and reflected pulses in a nonlinear crystal is restored. It was shown that the spatial resolution of the profilometer is no greater than 5 μm.
The skeleton in question derives from the Late Iron Age monument of Nor Armavir and was unearthed from burial No. 19. The deceased was buried in an unusual position. In this article, we characterize ...the pathological bony changes indicative of tuberculous spondylitis. The skeleton was subject to a detailed macroscopic investigation. Besides age at death estimation and sex determination, a careful palaeopathological evaluation was performed on the bone remains. In addition, volumetric (3D) computed tomography was carried out on four lumbar vertebrae (L2–5) to complement the macromorphology-based diagnosis.
The results of an archeoseismological investigation of the Dvin (ancient Armenian capital) ruins are presented. Multiple occasions of seismogenic damage and destructions have been revealed in the ...remains of walls, including places where they are tilted or pushed out, or fragments and particular stone blocks are rotated. The extensive cracks that run through several blocks have also been found. The identified systematics in how deformations occurred suggests that the epicenter of the ancient earthquake that struck Dvin in the late 9th century was located close to the city. Most likely, the western termination of an unnamed east-tonortheast trending fault (situated north of the city) was ruptured.
The results of theoretical research and numerical simulation of the generation process of difference frequency radiation by the IR femtosecond laser pulse with the frequency modulation are presented. ...It is shown that to obtain the maximal generation efficiency of the difference frequency radiation, the instantaneous frequency of the femtosecond IR laser pulse should be the quadratic function of time. The obtained results are independent on the type of nonlinear crystal and can be used to develop and create the pulse source of difference frequency radiation.
The results of theoretical research and numerical simulation of the nonlinear interaction process of mutually orthogonal and linearly polarized IR subpicosecond laser pulses with the one-dimensional ...periodic structure of the GaAs/ZnTe are presented. In particular, the interaction of such pulses with the equal amplitude electric field of 70.71 MV/m, with the duration of 333 fs at the central wavelength
λ
0
= 10 μm, with the periodic structure of the GaAs and the ZnTe with the thickness of layers equal to
λ
0
/2
n
GaAs
= 1.527 μm and
λ
0/4
n
ZnTe
= 0.931 μm, respectively, and with the number of periods equal to 100 is considered. It is shown that the efficiency of generation of sum and difference frequencies is proportional to the phase difference of the interacting IR pump pulses.
Results are presented from a statistical analysis of ~200 stars with Hα emission in the cluster IC 348. The sample of emission objects extends to R ≤ 20.0. The optical radius of the cluster is ~11'. ...The percentage of emission stars increases from bright to fainter objects and reaches 80% for objects within the interval 13.0 ≤ R − A
R
≤ 19.0. The fraction of WTTS and CTTS is 64% and 36%, respectively. 70% of the x-ray sources are WTTS objects. The age of the WTTS and CTTS is ~2·10
6
yr. The nonemission stars with masses lower than that of the sun also have an age of ~2·10
6
yr, while the age of the brighter objects is ~7·10
6
yr. The most massive stars with a low level of activity are concentrated in a small dense central core of the cluster with a radius of ~1' and appear to have been generated in an earlier wave of star formation.
To determine the efficacy of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment in patients with perianal Crohn's disease (CD).
This prospective randomized trial enrolled 20 patients with perianal CD as anal fissures and ...rectal fistulas. The inclusion criteria were rectovaginal or extrasphincteric fistulas and purulent leakages. A study group comprised 11 patients, including 9 with anal fissures and 2 with fistulas. A control group included 9 patients, including 8 with fissures and 1 with fistulas. The study group received systemic therapy with azathioprine 2 mg/kg/day and tacrolimus ointment 2 mg/day; the control group had systemic therapy with azathioprine 2 mg/kg/day, hormone ointment 1 mg/day, and metronidazole suppositories 250 mg/day. Control examination and perianal CD activity index (PCDAI) determination were done 6 and 12 weeks after therapy initiation.
At 6 weeks after beginning the study, local examination revealed the signs of anal fissure epithelialization in 5 (45.5%) of the 11 patients in the study group and in 3 (33.3%) of the 9 patients in the control one. At 12 weeks, fissure epithelialization and fistula obliteration were stated in 6 (54%) patients in the study group and in 3 (33%) of the 9 patients in the control group. At 12 weeks, PCDAI in the study and control groups was 2.00 and 4.44 scores (p = 0.01).
The findings suggest that topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment versus antibacterial suppositories and hormone ointments is effective in treating patients with perianal CD. Topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment therapy caused a reduction in PCDAI.
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