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•A novel g-C3N4/MnV2O6 heterostructure photocatalyst was synthesized by facile hydrothermal method.•The composite material exhibit higher photocatalytic performance than the bare ...materials.•The heterostructure could prevent the recombination effect.•The heterostructure proved to be an efficient photocatalyst for anionic and cationic dye degradation.
Composite of g-C3N4/MnV2O6 heterostructure were synthesized by facile hydrothermal method. The obtained photocatalysts with different ratios were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), UV–Visible Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) and X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Among all composites 1:1 g-C3N4/MnV2O6 exhibited best photodegradation performance than pure g-C3N4 and MnV2O6 for Methylene blue and Indigo carmine dyes degradation. It showed 95% and 94% degradation for Methylene blue and Indigo carmine dyes respectively. The scavenging studies showed that among the oxidants formed during photocatalysis, hole played a major role in methylene blue degradation.
The purpose of this review is to elucidate the probiotic and polysaccharide of seaweeds as a dietary supplement for promoting growth and disease resistance in aquatic animals. Because of numerous ...benefits, the role of dietary supplementation of seaweed polysaccharide and probiotics in promoting growth and interest in commercially important aquatic animals like prawn and fish has generated considerable interest in recent times. Control of bacterial and viral disease and enhancing the immunity of aquatic animals have become urgent needs in aquaculture production. In order to improve the production, several alternative strategies have been raised using probiotics, seaweed polysaccharide (prebiotic), and plant products as biological control agents. Furthermore, the use of natural substances in feed of aquatic animals increases consumer confidence in farmed aquatic animals. Modulation of the intestinal microflora through diet can either be accomplished by means of oral administration of prebiotic compounds or probiotic microorganisms. In some studies for growth enhancement and improvement of immunological parameters, a combination of probiotics and plant products has been reported. The present review suggests the use seaweed polysaccharide and probiotics in combination as dietary supplements due to its beneficial effects to improve the production of healthy aquatic animals.
The present study uses two differential extraction methods (sequential, maceration) to identify bioactive compounds present in two seaweeds Gracilaria folifera and Sargassum longifolium. Five ...different solvents namely Petroleum ether, Dichloromethane, Chloroform, ethanol and water were used. The bioactive compounds present in the extracts showed antioxidant and antibacterial activities against Aeromonas salmonicida. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of these seaweeds were found to have better antibacterial activity against bacterial diseases in fish when compared to the other extracts. Toxicological and in vivo pathogenicity studies were performed with the highest concentration of 250mg/l of extracts. The compounds identified by GC–MS which were found to have antibacterial activity were prepared in the form of a colloidal suspension for oral treatment. The use of algal extracts in aquaculture disease management is a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. These extracts could be used as prophylactics.
•Antioxidant capacity•Bacterial fish pathogen•Bioactive compounds•Control by sea weed extract
This paper presents the modelling, design and power management of a hybrid energy storage system for a three-wheeled light electric vehicle under Indian driving conditions. The hybrid energy storage ...system described in this paper is characterized by effective coupling of Li-ion battery (primary energy source) and ultracapacitor (auxiliary source) interfaced with an efficient bi-directional converter. A design methodology related to vehicle modelling, choice of motor rating, converter design, sizing of Li-ion battery and ultracapacitor pack for the Indian driving cycle are presented. An improved real-time power-split management control strategy is proposed for proper power flow control of the hybrid energy storage system under various operating modes. The hybridized energy storage system with proposed control strategy improves the life of the battery and helps in effective utilization of the ultracapacitor. Furthermore, a relative comparison of the hybrid energy storage system with the battery energy storage system based on battery parameters and capital cost is also presented. Simulations are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy with modelled system components of three-wheeled light electric vehicle. A downscaled experimental prototype is built to validate the power-split between hybrid energy storage systems.
Abstract
The objective of this research is to analyse vegetation’s reactions to precipitation. Three Pinups sp. combinations and water tension conditions (pine) forests and NDVI’s assessment of the ...capacity to identify drought and water stress in this sort of ecosystem. For the purposes of this analysis, a 30-year time series of NDVI indices, derived from SPOT-Vegetation data, is built for all three study sites and compared with field measured precipitation data for the same time span. Results indicate a good relationship between the two indices suggesting a stronger capacity for investigating the vegetation water status. In general, fluctuations in high seasonal precipitation tend to have a strong influence on both NDVI ratios, while a smoother spread of precipitation results in a poorer relationship with the two indices.
The creation of a network of tiny sensors installed in, on or around the human body has been facilitated by advancements in wireless communications and wearable devices. Because of its potential to ...transform healthcare delivery, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) has been increasingly important in modern medical systems over the last decade. Individual nodes (sensors and actuators) embedded in a person's clothing, body, or skin form a WBAN. Both academia and industry have increased their efforts in WBAN research and development. The wearable antenna, whether on or off the human body, is a critical component of contact with particular design in WBAN networks. Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology can provide high-capacity, short-range communications with minimal energy consumption, which is appropriate for wireless body area networks. The human body's involvement in such a device creates significant challenges for both the wearable antenna's construction and the broadcast paradigm. To achieve many functionalities, multi-band and broadband antennas are better solutions. The proposed multi-band antenna is constructed from a FR4 substrate with dimensions of (24 × 25 × 1.6) mm3. The proposed design was successfully tested with different configurations and enhanced with a broad impedance bandwidth of over 100 percent, where the UWB frequency spectrum encompassed the range from 3 to 9 GHz with a reflective coefficient of −15 dB and gain of 2.5 dBi, as well as fair radiation patterns in the Federal Communications Commission range. The SAR value of the devised antenna with and without SRR being 2 W/kg, 3.5 W/kg, respectively. This solution may be a worthy contender for meeting the UWB demands as a result, could be an excellent fit for wireless body technologies.
Wireless body area network (WBAN) incorporates a wireless sensor network and wearable devices in miniature size. In this paper, a dual-band microstrip patch (DBMSP) antenna as a sensor with a ...modified split ring resonator (SRR) and defective ground structure (DGS) is proposed for muscle mass measurement and prediction. Modified SRR on the ground plane forms a defected ground structure (DGS) for back radiation reduction and suits muscle mass measurement. The proposed dual-band microstrip patch antenna resonates at 5.2 GHz and 8.4 GHz, with impedance bandwidth of about 0.9 GHz and 1.89 GHz, input reflection coefficient is about -21.12 dB and -14.5 dB, respectively. This DBMSP antenna has an efficiency of 99.9%, with a negligible amount of specific absorption rate (SAR). From the proposed DBMSP antenna sensor, muscle mass is predicted from human muscle. The proposed antenna is fixed on the ventral surface of the forearm and biceps. DBMSP antenna sensor detects electromagnetic energy from muscle tissues under radiating near-field conditions. The muscle tissue signal is acquired through the proposed DBMSP antenna. The acquired antenna process with nondecimated wavelet transform (NDWT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithms for noise reduction. Further, early prediction of muscle mass prevents humans from lack of protein and oxygen levels in the blood and avoids major issues in human health. The proposed DBMSP antenna-based muscle mass measurement achieves 89% accuracy when compared with laboratory measurement.
Power electronic interface with its effective control scheme plays a major role in the utilization of energy sources for electric vehicle application. For this purpose, a hybrid fuzzy PI based ...control scheme for a multiple input converter (MIC) topology is proposed. The proposed hybrid fuzzy PI controller includes a conventional PI controller at steady state and fuzzy PI at transient state. Also, the proposed control design helps in tracking a predefined speed profile to have complete realization of electric vehicle. Detailed simulation study and performance comparisons with conventional controller are performed. The results show that the developed control scheme is robust providing bidirectional power management, fast tracking capability with less steady state error, better dynamic response by enhancing the flexibility and proper utilization of energy sources. Simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment is carried out to verify the performance of the multi-input converter with the developed control scheme. An experimental set-up is constructed to validate the same.
Andrographis echioides leaves were used to isolate a flavonoid (medicarpin) that inhibited mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that the A.E leaves were rich in ...flavonoids. Following a room temperature extraction with methanol, the constituents were fractionated using a Soxhlet apparatus. Chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the constituents from the leaves of Andrographis echioides. Flavonoid compounds were characterized using Spectral studies. Weight loss and corrosion studies were investigated the inhibition activity of an isolated flavonoid (medicarpin). The inhibition efficiency of isolated flavonoid was highest (85.78 percent) at 800 ppm concentration, according to weight loss and electrochemical measurements. The influence of temperature on the corrosion activities of base metal was calculated in the temperature range 293-303K. The inhibitory activity increases with rising inhibitor concentration but decreases with rising temperature. The activation and free energies for the inhibition response sustain the method of physisorption. The adsorption of isolated flavonoid on the base metal is an endothermic process and it follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The potentiostatic study illustrates that isolated flavonoid is a mixed type inhibitor. Surface Morphology examination by SEM and EDAX to reveals the adherence of isolated flavonoid on the mild steel surface.
With the rapid progress of network information technologies, security in medical data transmission has emerged as a popular research topic. Electronic Health Data (EHR) is vulnerable to security ...breaches, tampering, manipulation, and data leakage. The blockchain's data integrity, decentralization, and anonymity opened up new possibilities for addressing the aforementioned issues. Therefore, this paper presents a Blockchain-based Access Control Scheme (BACS) with Multiple Party Authority (MPA), smart contract, and proxy re encryption to secure the EHR. The proposed scheme consists of six phases: the registration phase, appointment phase, data aggregation stage, storage phase, query phase, and validation phase. The medical data is encrypted by using a Lightweight Fused Cryptographic (LFC) algorithm with the signature of the patient and doctor to ensure confidentiality and integrity. The encrypted EHR is then stored on Interplanetary File Systems (IPFS), which is a decentralised file storage platform. Moreover, the developed smart contract verifies the authenticity of the users, provides a reputation score for the oracle, and creates a time seal. This enhances the security of the system from external attacks as well as internal attacks. A security analysis is conducted for the proposed method, and the performance is compared with the existing techniques based on encryption time, decryption time, and computation cost.
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