NuCraft (nucraft.hepforge.org) is an open-source Python project that calculates neutrino oscillation probabilities for neutrinos from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere for their propagation ...through Earth. The solution is obtained by numerically solving the Schrödinger equation. The code supports arbitrary numbers of neutrino flavors including additional sterile neutrinos, CP violation, arbitrary mass hierarchies, matter effects with a configurable continuous Earth model, and takes into account the production height distribution of neutrinos in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Program title: nuCraft
Catalogue identifier: AEXK_v1_0
Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEXK_v1_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: Revised BSD License
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 3017
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 467122
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: Python.
Computer: IA32/x86-64 compatible.
Operating system: All that are supported by SciPy, e.g., Linux, Windows, OS X.
RAM: 134217728 bytes
Classification: 1.1, 11.1, 11.6.
External routines: NumPy (1.5.1 or newer), SciPy (0.8.0 or newer)
Nature of problem:
Calculation of oscillation probabilities of neutrinos that originate in cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth’s atmosphere and propagate through the Earth, for realistic Earth and atmospheric models and multiple flavors (optionally including sterile neutrinos and CP violation).
Solution method:
Direct solution of the Schrödinger equation for n flavors including matter effects, with sampling of the atmosphere.
Restrictions:
Energy loss and absorption of neutrinos inside the Earth is not modeled; they have to be handled independently.
Unusual features:
Completely configurable oscillation parameters (including optional sterile flavors), configurable and realistic Earth model including atmosphere.
Running time:
Roughly 100 neutrinos per second and CPU core (depends on energy and oscillation parameters).
A high-energy neutrino event detected by IceCube on 22 September 2017 was coincident in direction and time with a gamma-ray flare from the blazar TXS 0506+056. Prompted by this association, we ...investigated 9.5 years of IceCube neutrino observations to search for excess emission at the position of the blazar. We found an excess of high-energy neutrino events, with respect to atmospheric backgrounds, at that position between September 2014 and March 2015. Allowing for time-variable flux, this constitutes 3.5σ evidence for neutrino emission from the direction of TXS 0506+056, independent of and prior to the 2017 flaring episode. This suggests that blazars are identifiable sources of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux.
NuCraft (nucraft.hepforge.org) is an open-source Python project that calculates neutrino oscillation probabilities for neutrinos from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere for their propagation ...through Earth. The solution is obtained by numerically solving the Schr\"odinger equation. The code supports arbitrary numbers of neutrino flavors including additional sterile neutrinos, CP violation, arbitrary mass hierarchies, matter effects with a configurable Earth model, and takes into account the production height distribution of neutrinos in the Earth's atmosphere.
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