Secondary deformities of the cleft lip and nose are mainly caused by the long period of craniofacial development and the secondary scarring. Correction of the secondary cleft lip-nose deformity is a ...complex process that requires both the correction of the soft tissue and skeletal support. The purpose of this study was to present our experience in correcting the secondary unilateral cleft lip-nose deformities with autologous costal cartilage.
A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent correction of unilateral cleft nasal deformity with simultaneous rhinoplasty by a senior surgeon from January 2015 to January 2022 was conducted. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the columellar-labial angle and the inclination of nasal base were conducted to evaluate the surgical outcomes.
A total of 54 patients were included in this study according to the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period was 4 years (range, 1-7 years). The mean values of the columellar-labial angle were 91.1 ± 9.2 degrees preoperatively and 101.0 ± 5.9 degrees postoperatively. The mean values of the inclination of nasal base were 4.5 ± 1.2 degrees preoperatively and 0.9 ± 0.4 degrees postoperatively. There was a considerable increase in the columellar-labial angle after the surgery (9.9 ± 6.0 degrees; P < 0.01). The inclination of nasal base decreased significantly (3.6 ± 1.1 degrees; P < 0.01).
Our approach on correction the secondary clef lip nose through repositioning the muscles by Z-plasty and application of the block cartilage graft and circular shape alar graft has achieved long-term satisfactory results.
Background
Stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy. In a previous study, we evaluated tumorigenicity by the stereotactic transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and embryonic stem ...cells (ESCs) from experimental mice. Twenty-eight days later, there was no evidence of tumor formation or long-term engraftment in the NSCs transplantation group. In contrast, the transplantation of ESCs caused tumor formation; this was due to their high proliferative capacity. Based on transcriptome sequencing, we found that a long intergenic non-coding RNA (named linc-NSC) with unknown structure and function was expressed at 1100-fold higher levels in NSCs than in ESCs. This finding suggested that linc-NSC is negatively correlated with stem cell pluripotency and tumor development, but positively correlated with neurogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the specific role of linc-NSC in NSCs/ESCs in tumor formation and neurogenesis.
Methods
Whole transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics was used to predict lncRNAs that are widely associated with enhanced tumorigenicity. The expression of linc-NSC was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. We also performed a number of in vitro methods, including cell proliferation assays, differentiation assays, immunofluorescence assays, flow cytometry, along with in vivo survival and immunofluorescence assays to investigate the impacts of linc-NSC on tumor formation and neurogenesis in NSCs and ESCs.
Results
Following the knockdown of linc-NSC in NSCs, NSCs cultured in vitro and those transplanted into the cortex of mice showed stronger survival ability (P < 0.0001), enhanced proliferation(P < 0.001), and reduced apoptosis (P < 0.05); the opposite results were observed when linc-NSC was overexpressed in ESCs. Furthermore, the overexpression of linc-NSC in ECSs induced enhanced apoptosis (P < 0.001) and differentiation (P < 0.01), inhibited tumorigenesis (P < 0.05) in vivo, and led to a reduction in tumor weight (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
Our analyses demonstrated that linc-NSC, a promising gene-edited target, may promote the differentiation of mouse NSCs and inhibit tumorigenesis in mouse ESCs. The knockdown of linc-NSC inhibited the apoptosis in NSCs both in vitro and in vivo, and prevented tumor formation, revealing a new dimension into the effect of lncRNA on low survival NSCs and providing a prospective gene manipulation target prior to transplantation. In parallel, the overexpression of linc-NSC induced apoptosis in ESCs both in vitro and in vivo and attenuated the tumorigenicity of ESCs in vivo, but did not completely prevent tumor formation.
Introduction
Rhinoplasty for caudal septal cartilage defects is a challenge due to the difficulty of fixation of the grafts.
Objectives
This study presents an approach for correcting defects in ...caudal septal cartilage with the costal cartilaginous framework using a mortise–tenon technique.
Methods
From May 2019 through May 2022, a retrospective analysis of patients with caudal septal cartilage defects underwent rhinoplasty using a mortise–tenon cartilaginous framework by a senior surgeon was performed. The surgical outcomes were evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively.
Results
This study involved 17 patients, ranging in age from 27 to 58 years. There were 22.4 months of follow-up on average. There was no long-term or short-term complication observed. The aesthetic outcome of all cases was satisfactory. The mean score for the patients of the perceptions of improvement in their noses was 8.11.
Conclusion
Correction of caudal septal cartilage defects with this costal cartilaginous framework using the mortise–tenon technique is feasible and effective.
Level of Evidence IV
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.
To explore methods of treatment for adenoid cystic carcinoma of external auditory canal, and discuss the correlating factors that effect prognosis.
A retrospective analysis of 19 cases of adenoid ...cystic carcinoma of external auditory canal treated from 1988 to 2004 was carried out. Based on University of Pittsburgh TNM staging system of external auditory canal carcinoma, 19 cases were classified into groups as 5 cases in T1, 2 in T2, 6 in T3, and 6 in T4. Local resection was performed in cases in stage T1 and T2, while radical mastoidectomy or temporal bone resection was performed in stage T3 and T4. Radiotherapy was applied after operation. Relapsed cases with isolated metastasis were treated by surgery. Multiple metastasis were treated with radiotherapy.
The follow-up time is from 6 months to 19 years, and the median is 44 months. There're 8 cases with more than 5 years' follow-up. Twelve patients relapsed and 7 had metastasis but 4 died. The cases with positive incisal edge after first operation relapsed e
The application of the expanded forehead flap in nasal reconstruction has the advantage of being able to provide a sufficient amount of flap and can provide good aesthetic results. For an expanded ...forehead flap to survive, there must be adequate arterial supply and venous return. Despite this, limited studies have been conducted on preoperative vascular mapping and the design of the expanded forehead flap for nasal reconstruction. In this article, the authors present a technique of hand-held Doppler detection with light illumination for vascular mapping.
The study included patients who underwent total nasal reconstruction with expanded forehead flaps between May 2016 and April 2021. The design of the flap was based on the result of preoperative vascular detection by hand-held Doppler detection assisted by light illumination.
A total of 32 patients underwent total nasal reconstruction with an expanded forehead flap. The distal part of the flap became necrotic 1 week after the surgery in 2 patients. Following dressing changes and the administration of antibiotics, the distal flap in these patients survived well. No complications were reported in the long term.
Hand-held Doppler detection combined with light illumination is a convenient and effective preoperative design method for nasal reconstruction with an expanded forehead flap. All flaps survived well in the long term.
Level IV.
•The model offers a unified and explicit expression across all working regions of the MO TFTs.•The model takes into account the non-reciprocity of capacitance, ensuring charge conservation at all ...ports.•Based on the fabricated IZO TFTs, comprehensive and sufficient experimental data on capacitance was tested in the article.
A unified and complete capacitance model of metal oxide thin-film transistors (MO TFTs) based on three-terminal charges is proposed in this paper. The analytical expression of the three-terminal charges is obtained with the effective charge density approach and the Ward-Dutton charge partitioning approach. By considering the non-reciprocal capacitance between any two terminals, the complete capacitance model of the MO TFTs is proposed with an accurate description. The proposed model has a uniform and analytical capacitance expression over the full working regions with a specific physical meaning based on the surface potential solution. Furthermore, the sufficient capacitance experimental data of the fabricated IZO-TFT are presented to verify the proposed model. It is shown that there is a good agreement between the experimental data and the proposed model in a wide range of working regions.
Compared with traditional optical elements, metasurfaces have shown unique advantages in multifunctionality encoded in different frequencies, polarization states, and orbital angular momentums. ...However, the study of metasurfaces with well-controlled functions under different incident angles is still in its infancy. Here we propose a general method to tailor the angular dispersion over the simplest binary dielectric grating in the transmission mode. We demonstrate that the angular response is strongly related to the number of waveguide modes inside the grating, so one can intentionally reduce or enhance the angular dispersion by controlling the number of waveguide modes. Independent phase manipulation over incident angles is experimentally demonstrated by a metalens with angle-dependent focus. The angular dispersion in orthogonal polarization states is further utilized to demonstrate angle-insensitive and angle-multiplexed wave plates. These devices with simple configuration and clear physics offer a general platform to expand the scope of beam manipulation over metasurfaces.
Display omitted
•Rotor-stator reactor (RSR) coupled with bubble column reactor (BCR) for ozonation.•The O3/RSR-BCR process used for degradation of Acid Red 73 (AR73).•AR73 and COD degradation ...efficiencies of above 97 % and 30 % respectively achieved.•Advantage of the O3/RSR-BCR process attributed to good mass transfer effect of RSR.•Decolorization achieved by OH and O3 attacking azo chromophoric group in AR73.
Rotor-stator reactor (RSR) was employed in tandem with bubble column reactor (BCR) to enhance Acid Red 73 (AR73) degradation by ozonation in a simulated dyeing wastewater in this work. It was found that AR73 and COD degradation efficiencies of more than 97 % and 30 % respectively were achieved in the O3/RSR-BCR process. Due to the excellent mass transfer effect of RSR, AR73 degradation efficiency in the O3/RSR-BCR process was significantly higher than that in the O3/BCR process, exhibiting the effect of lowered ozone consumption as well as reduced BCR volume as a result of shorter liquid residence time. The advantages of the O3/RSR-BCR process for AR73 wastewater treatment were attributed to the high O3 absorption efficiency in RSR and relatively long reaction time of O3 with pollutants in BCR. The results demonstrated that the O3/RSR-BCR process can be an efficient decolorization technique in dyeing wastewater treatment.
Active beam steering and energy distribution have important
applications for terahertz (THz) communication, radar, and imaging.
However, the spin-conjugated mirror symmetry of a passive
...Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) metasurface limits the active energy
distribution. Here, we prepared a low dispersion, low loss, and high
magneto-optical coefficient La:YIG single crystal, ±45
∘
Faraday rotation angle that can be
actively tuned by a weak magnetic field in broadband THz range at room
temperature. Based on this functional material, a THz magneto-optical
(MO) spin-modulated metadevice has been demonstrated, which is
integrated with a La:YIG, an anisotropic metasurface, and a PB
metasurface layer. The spin-conjugated mirror symmetry is broken by
the MO chirality effect and photonic spin Hall effect in this
metadevice so that spin-selective beam steering within the range of ±27
∘
−±41
∘
is dynamically manipulated by
external magnetic fields and power distribution can be tuned with the
max modulation depth of 91.6%. More importantly, the MO crystal
introduces nonreciprocal phase shift between two spin states so that
the device not only achieves active THz beam steering but also
provides isolation for reflected waves with the max isolation of
23 dB. This mechanism of THz nonreciprocal spin beam steering
provides multiple functions for THz point-to-point networking
communication, anti-shielding, anti-interference, and power
distribution.
Background
There has been no previous study on the availability of different glucocorticoid varieties used in the multimodal cocktail for harvesting autologous costal cartilage. This randomized ...controlled trial (RCT) was to compare the significance and complications of betamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide as a component of the cocktail for harvesting costal cartilage in patients.
Materials and Methods
The patients were randomized to two groups. The group A used multimodal cocktail: ropivacaine, parecoxib sodium, epinephrine, and triamcinolone acetonide; group B used multimodal cocktail: ropivacaine, parecoxib sodium, epinephrine, and betamethasone. The primary outcomes were chest pain after surgery evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes evaluated the quality of recovery. The tertiary outcomes included rescue analgesic consumption, the first feeding time and the time to the first ambulation, and duration of hospital stay.
Results
The VAS scores between the two groups was not considered clinically significant, but the groups achieved a VAS score of 3 or less. However, the time until the first rescue analgesia and the number were significantly longer and smaller for group A. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the duration of hospital stay, first feeding time, the quality of recovery, and the first ambulation time.
Conclusion
Adding corticosteroids into the multimodal cocktails could improve pain relief after costal cartilage harvest. And the efficacy of Triamcinolone acetonide was better than betamethasone.
Level of Evidence II
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors
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.
