Abstract
Polysilicon thin-film semiconductor bridges (SCB) and Pb•BaTNR primary explosives are selected to prepare SCB/Pb•BaTNR samples, and their ignition performance is tested. The test results ...show that the SCB/Pb•BaTNR samples were ignited random when the ignition energy provided for SCB is insufficient but aroud critical value. Under different energy-storage capacitance, the voltages that lead to SCB completely gasifying into high-energy plasma are around 21V, indicating that charging voltage is the main factor affecting SCB elements to produce high-energy plasma. Ignition tests are performed on the SCB/Pb•BaTNR samples under the conditions of 47μF/21V, 64μF/21V, and 100μF/21V. The samples are found to ignite reliably, and the action time ranges from 0.17 ms to 0.4 ms, meeting the requirements for high instantaneity.
Abstract
We report on analysis of observations of the bright transient X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 obtained during its 2017-2018 giant outburst with Insight-HXMT, NuSTAR, and Swift observatories. ...We focus on the discovery of a sharp state transition of the timing and spectral properties of the source at super-Eddington accretion rates, which we associate with the transition of the accretion disk to a radiation pressure dominated (RPD) state, the first ever directly observed for magnetized neutron star. This transition occurs at slightly higher luminosity compared to already reported transition of the source from sub- to super-critical accretion regime associate with onset of an accretion column. We argue that this scenario can only be realized for comparatively weakly magnetized neutron star, not dissimilar to other ultra-luminous X-ray pulsars (ULPs), which accrete at similar rates. Further evidence for this conclusion is provided by the non-detection of the transition to the propeller state in quiescence which strongly implies compact magnetosphere and thus rules out magnetar-like fields.
The possibility that neutrinos may be their own antiparticles, unique among the known fundamental particles, arises from the symmetric theory of fermions proposed by Ettore Majorana in 1937
. Given ...the profound consequences of such Majorana neutrinos, among which is a potential explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis
, the Majorana nature of neutrinos commands intense experimental scrutiny globally; one of the primary experimental probes is neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Here we show results from the search for 0νββ decay of
Te, using the latest advanced cryogenic calorimeters with the CUORE experiment
. CUORE, operating just 10 millikelvin above absolute zero, has pushed the state of the art on three frontiers: the sheer mass held at such ultralow temperatures, operational longevity, and the low levels of ionizing radiation emanating from the cryogenic infrastructure. We find no evidence for 0νββ decay and set a lower bound of the process half-life as 2.2 × 10
years at a 90 per cent credibility interval. We discuss potential applications of the advances made with CUORE to other fields such as direct dark matter, neutrino and nuclear physics searches and large-scale quantum computing, which can benefit from sustained operation of large payloads in a low-radioactivity, ultralow-temperature cryogenic environment.
Objective. Recently, a new consensus algorithm for classification of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and PAN had been proposed by Watt et al. for epidemiological studies. In order to evaluate this ...algorithm, the current study used the algorithm to reclassify the patients with AAV and PAN in our centre. Methods. Five hundred and fifty Chinese patients with primary systemic vasculitis diagnosed in our referral diagnostic centre during the past 10 years were retrospectively studied. Four hundred and ninety-three out of 550 were ANCA positive. We compared the new consensus algorithm and the 1994 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) definitions supplemented with surrogate parameters, in the same cohort of patients with primary systemic vasculitis. Results. Applying the CHCC definitions with surrogate parameters, the diagnoses were Churg–Strauss syndrome (CSS) (n = 0), WG (n = 127), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) (n = 363), PAN (n = 4) and unclassified (n = 56). Using the new consensus algorithm, the diagnoses were CSS (n = 2), WG (n = 199), MPA (n = 329), PAN (n = 0) and unclassified (n = 20). Conclusions. Watts’ algorithm was a useful method to classify patients into a single category, with less unclassified patients and without overlapping diagnosis, which allows their use in epidemiological studies.
Materials with a coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric order (i.e., multiferroics) provide an efficient route for the control of magnetism by electric fields. Unfortunately, a long-sought room ...temperature multiferroic with strongly coupled ferroelectric and ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) orderings is still lacking. Here, we propose that hydrogen intercalation in antiferromagnetic transition-metal oxides is a promising way to realize multiferroics with strong magnetoelectric coupling. Taking brownmillerite SrCoO_{2.5} as an example, we show that hydrogen intercalated SrCoO_{2.5} displays strong ferrimagnetism and large electric polarization in which the hydroxide acts as a new knob to simultaneously control the magnetization and polarization at room temperature. We expect that ion intercalation will become a general way to design magnetoelectric and spintronic functional materials.
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Atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) was collected at Xujiahui and Baoshan in Shanghai, China in 2010 when the World Expo took place. Eight nitrated polycyclic ...aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) were analyzed. Significant reductions in individual NPAH (69–324%) and the mean ΣNPAH (about 140%) concentrations were measured during the Expo period. In order to minimize the influence from the meteorological condition, individual NPAH concentrations of 2010 Expo period were compared with those in the same time period from 2008. Significant effects from the source control measures were revealed, i.e., the individual NPAH concentration reductions ranged between 31% and 477% at the mixed residential and industrial Baoshan site, and only 0–88% at the urban Xujiahui site. The relatively high 2-nitrofluoranthene/1-nitropyrene ratio values (11–31) suggested a predominance of photochemical formation of NPAHs in the atmosphere during the Expo period. It could be concluded that the air quality during the Shanghai World Expo 2010 was benefited from the following three factors; (1) source control measures during the Expo period, i.e., prohibition of open field biomass burning in surrounding areas, (2) the three-year plan implemented from October 1, 2009, including construction sites shut-down, flue-gas desulfurization/denitrification and the vehicle upgradation and (3) the Asian monsoon which brings in clean air from the ocean during spring and summer into Shanghai.
•NPAHs were quantified in PM2.5 in Shanghai during 2010 World Expo.•Significant reductions of NPAHs during the Expo period were observed.•Air quality improved by the source control, planning in advance and monsoons action.•Photochemical formation of NPAHs was dominant during the Expo period.
Objectives
Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is an endemic disease in Taiwan. Prognostic factors the anatomical TNM stage are important for its prognostic stratification. An elevated ...neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis in various solid tumours. In this study, we analysed the prognostic impact of the NLR in NPC in Taiwan.
Design
Single‐institution retrospective study.
Setting
Medical centre.
Participants
One hundred and eighty patients with NPC treated at the Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, from January 2007 to December 2013.
Main outcome measures
The association between the clinical or haematological presentations and the prognosis.
Results
The majority of the 180 patients included in this study were men (80%) and were <65 years old (91.7%). A neck mass (55.6%) was the most common clinical presentation, followed by nasal (39.4%) and aural (30.6%) symptoms. In addition, the majority (75.4%) of patients had advanced stage (III and IV) disease. Patients with a high NLR (≧3.6) had significantly lower progression‐free survival, overall survival and disease‐specific survival rates. The association between high NLR and poor prognosis was more pronounced in patients with advanced disease than in those with early‐stage NPC. The results of a multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age, clinical symptoms including headache, diplopia and facial numbness, advanced disease stage, and high NLR were independent prognostic factors.
Conclusion
A high NLR is an independent poor prognostic factor of NPC in Taiwan.
Based on high-resolution measurements from NASA's Magnetospheric Multlscale mission, we present the dynamics of electrons associated with current systems observed near the diffusion region of ...magnetic reconnection at Earth's magnetopause. Using pitch angle distributions (PAD) and magnetic curvature analysis, we demonstrate the occurrence of electron scattering in the curved magnetic field of the diffusion region down to energies of 20eV. We show that scattering occurs closer to the current sheet as the electron energy decreases. The scattering of Inflowing electrons, associated with field-aligned electrostatic potentials and Hall currents, produces a new population of scattered electrons with broader PAD which bounce back and forth in the exhaust. Except at the center of the diffusion region the two populations are collocated and appear to behave adiabatically: the inflowing electron PAD focuses inward (toward lower magnetic field), while the bouncing population PAD gradually peaks at 90 degrees away from the center (where it mirrors owing to higher magnetic field and probable field-aligned potentials).
Circular ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 10 (circABCB10) has been identified to have oncological functions in several tumors. However, the roles of circABCB10 in rectal cancer remain unknown. ...The expression of circABCB10, microRNA (miR)-326 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and apoptosis related-protein was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot, respectively. Cell survival or apoptosis was measured using cell counting kit-8 assay or flow cytometry. The accumulations of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe2+ were analyzed using C11-BODIP dye or iron kit assay, respectively. In vivo experiments were conducted using the murine xenograft model. The interaction between miR-326 and circABCB10 or CCL5 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. CircABCB10 and CCL5 were upregulated but miR-326 was downregulated in rectal cancer. The knockdown of circABCB10 promoted rectal cancer cell ferroptosis and apoptosis in vitro as well as inhibited tumor growth in vivo. miR-326 was a target of circABCB10, and the miR-326 inhibition could partially attenuate circABCB10 deletion-induced cell ferroptosis and apoptosis. miR-326 directly interacted with CCL5, and the miR-326 inhibition suppressed cell ferroptosis and apoptosis by targeting CCL5. Besides, we observed that miR-326 was negatively regulated by circABCB10, while CCL5 was positively regulated by it, and circABCB10 served as a sponge of miR-326 to regulate the CCL5 expression in rectal cancer cells. CircABCB10 silence promoted rectal cancer cell ferroptosis and apoptosis by regulating the miR-326/CCL5 axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for rectal cancer therapy.
The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) crack propagation behavior of nuclear power structural materials in a high temperature water environment can be regarded as oxide film rupture and regeneration ...under the interaction of material, corrosive environment, and mechanical micro- environment. To understand the influence of the passivation process of the shape around the crack tip over time on the creep field, the change of oxide film curvature value is used to represent the passivation process of the shape around the crack tip. The finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate and analyze the crack tip creep field and its distribution law of the oxide film at the crack tip under different curvatures. Results show that different oxide film curvatures will affect the size and distribution of stress and strain around the crack tip. With the increase of oxide film curvature, the creep amount, creep rate, and crack growth rate of the base metal all show an increasing trend.
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