By anchoring triazole units onto its skeleton, the luminescent sensing properties of a terbium(iii) metal-organic framework could be efficiently improved, including not only an expansion of the scale ...of analytes such as Fe3+, anions and nitroaromatic molecules, but also enhanced selectivity and sensitivity.
Recent studies underscore important roles of intestinal microbiota and the bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) production in the pathogenesis of liver disease. However, how gut microbiota alters in ...response to the development of steatosis and subsequent progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We aimed to study the gut microbial changes over liver disease progression using a streptozotocin-high fat diet (STZ-HFD) induced NASH-HCC C57BL/6J mouse model that is highly relevant to human liver disease. The fecal microbiota at various liver pathological stages was analyzed by 16S rDNA gene pyrosequencing. Both UniFrac analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed significant structural alterations in gut microbiota during the development of liver disease. Co-abundance network analysis highlighted relationships between genera. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the bacterial species, Atopobium spp., Bacteroides spp., Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides acidifaciens, Bacteroides uniformis, Clostridium cocleatum, Clostridium xylanolyticum and Desulfovibrio spp., markedly increased in model mice, were positively correlated with LPS levels and pathophysiological features. Taken together, the results showed that the gut microbiota was altered significantly in the progression of liver disease. The connection between the gut microbial ecology and the liver pathology may represent potential targets for the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease and HCC.
To evaluate diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), in comparison with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Gomori methenamine ...silver (GMS) staining and serum 1,3-β-d-Glucan (BG) assay.
52 PCP patients and 103 patients with non-pneumocystic jirovecii pneumonia (non-PCP) were enrolled, and comparative analysis was conducted of different diagnostic tests. Clinical features and co-pathogen characteristics were reviewed.
The diagnostic sensitivity (92.3%) and specificity (87.4%) of mNGS did not show significant differences compared with that of PCR while mNGS had the advantage over PCR in the detection of co-pathogens. Despite its excellent specificity, the sensitivity of GMS staining (9.3%) was inferior to that of mNGS (p < .001). The combination of mNGS with serum BG statistically outperformed mNGS or serum BG alone in the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs, p = .0013 and p = .0015, respectively). Notably, all the blood samples showing positive mNGS for Pneumocystis jirovecii came from PCP patients. The leading co-pathogens among patients with PCP were cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and Torque teno virus.
mNGS shows superiority over several common clinical methods in the diagnosis of suspected PCP. Serum BG in conjunction with mNGS further improved the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS.
Abstract
III–V semiconductor nanowires are indispensable building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, solely relying on their intrinsic physical and material ...properties sometimes limits device functionalities to meet the increasing demands in versatile and complex electronic world. By leveraging the distinctive nature of the one-dimensional geometry and large surface-to-volume ratio of the nanowires, new properties can be attained through monolithic integration of conventional nanowires with other easy-synthesized functional materials. Herein, we combine high-crystal-quality III-nitride nanowires with amorphous molybdenum sulfides (a-MoS
x
) to construct III-nitride/a-MoS
x
core-shell nanostructures. Upon light illumination, such nanostructures exhibit striking spectrally distinctive photodetection characteristic in photoelectrochemical environment, demonstrating a negative photoresponsivity of −100.42 mA W
−1
under 254 nm illumination, and a positive photoresponsivity of 29.5 mA W
−1
under 365 nm illumination. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the successful surface modification of the nanowires via a-MoS
x
decoration accelerates the reaction process at the electrolyte/nanowire interface, leading to the generation of opposite photocurrent signals under different photon illumination. Most importantly, such polarity-switchable photoconductivity can be further tuned for multiple wavelength bands photodetection by simply adjusting the surrounding environment and/or tailoring the nanowire composition, showing great promise to build light-wavelength controllable sensing devices in the future.
One of the main bottleneck issues for room‐temperature antiferromagnetic spintronic devices is the small signal read‐out owing to the limited anisotropic magnetoresistance in antiferromagnets. ...However, this could be overcome by either utilizing the Berry‐curvature‐induced anomalous Hall resistance in noncollinear antiferromagnets or establishing tunnel‐junction devices based on effective manipulation of antiferromagnetic spins. In this work, the giant piezoelectric strain modulation of the spin structure and the anomalous Hall resistance in a noncollinear antiferromagnetic metal—D019 hexagonal Mn3Ga—is demonstrated. Furthermore, tunnel‐junction devices are built with a diameter of 200 nm to amplify the maximum tunneling resistance ratio to more than 10% at room‐temperature, which thus implies significant potential of noncollinear antiferromagnets for large signal‐output and high‐density antiferromagnetic spintronic device applications.
A giant piezospintronic effect is discovered in a hexagonal noncollinear antiferromagnet, Mn3Ga. Furthermore, it is found that its Fermi surface and density of states are very sensitive to the spin structure perturbation. Consequently, a nanoscale antiferromagnetic tunnel junction built on Mn3Ga and operated by piezoelectric strain exhibits a more than 10% tunneling resistance modulation at room temperature.
Log analysis plays an important role in the stable operation of computer system. However, logs are usua-lly unstructured, which is not conducive to automatic analysis. How to categorize logs and turn ...them into structured data automatically is of great practical significance. In this paper, LDmatch algorithm is proposed, which imple-ments a log pattern extracting algorithm based on word matching rate. Traditional log matching algorithms use one-to-one word matching method in similarity calculation, while the proposed LDmatch algorithm calculates the simi-larity between logs according to the longest common subsequence (LCS) of words contained in two logs, and classi-fies logs based on the LCS. LDmatch algorithm can also get real-time log template and update. In addition, the pat-tern warehouse of the algorithm uses a data structure based on hash table for storage, which refines the classification of logs and reduces the times of comparison during log matching, thus improving the matching efficiency of the algor
Based on the breast cancer cells and the vascular endothelial cells are both estrogen-sensitive, we proposed a close reciprocity existed between them in the tumor microenvironment, via shared ...molecular mechanism affected by environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs). In this study, bisphenol A (BPA), via triggering G-protein estrogen receptor (GPER), stimulated cell proliferation and migration of bovine vascular endothelial cells (BVECs) and breast cancer cells (SkBr-3 and MDA-MB-231) and enhanced tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, the expression of both hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were up-regulated in a GPER-dependent manner by BPA treatment under hypoxic condition, and the activated GPER induced the HIF-1α expression by competitively binding to caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and facilitating the release of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). These findings show that in a hypoxic microenvironment, BPA promotes HIF-1α and VEGF expressions through a shared GPER/Cav-1/HSP90 signaling cascade. Our observations provide a probable hypothesis that the effects of BPA on tumor development are copromoting relevant biological responses in both vascular endothelial and breast cancer cells.
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•BPA promotes biological responses in endothelial cells and breast cancer cells.•BPA promotes HIF-1α expression via protein-protein interaction involving GPER/Cav-1/HSP90.•BPA serves as a possible contributing factor for mammary cancer in hypoxic microenvironment.
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The emergence of the infinite-layer superconducting nickelate thin films marks the Ni age of superconductivity, which has excited a huge surge of studies since the first report in ...August of 2019. Despite of the tremendous attention drawn from the entire material science community and a large body of theoretical studies, the experimental progress has been relatively slow due to the challenging sample fabrication, which may, in turn, be holding back the fast development of theoretical research. Therefore, a timely and comprehensive review on all the up-to-date experimental progress of the emergent infinite-layer Ni-based superconductors is urgently needed. In this review, we first introduce the history of more than 30-year-long Ni-based superconductivity exploration, then summarize the sample fabrication processes, later present the experimental electrical transport and magnetic properties, and finally come up with several key issues deserving intensive studies. This review is thus expected to be helpful for researchers with diverse research background to readily capture the major progress of this emerging field.
Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are important secondary metabolites produced in sweet potato. However, the mechanisms of their biosynthesis and regulation remain unclear. To identify potential genes ...involved in CGA biosynthesis, analysis of the dynamic changes in CGA components and RNA sequencing were performed on young leaves (YL), mature leaves (ML), young stems (YS), mature stems (MS) and storage roots (SR). Accordingly, we found that the accumulation of six CGA components varied among the different tissues and developmental stages, with YS and YL recording the highest levels, while SR exhibited low levels. Moreover, the transcriptome analysis yielded 59,287 unigenes, 3,767 of which were related to secondary-metabolite pathways. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on CGA content levels by comparing the different samples, including ML vs. YL, MS vs. YS, SR vs. YL and SR vs. YS. A total of 501 common DEGs were identified, and these were mainly implicated in the secondary metabolites biosynthesis. Additionally, eight co-expressed gene modules were identified following weighted gene co-expression network analysis, while genes in darkgrey module were highly associated with CGA accumulation. Darkgrey module analysis revealed that 12 unigenes encoding crucial enzymes (PAL, 4CL, C4H, C3H and HCT/HQT) and 42 unigenes encoding transcription factors (MYB, bHLH, WD40, WRKY, ERF, MADS, GARS, bZIP and zinc finger protein) had similar expression patterns with change trends of CGAs, suggesting their potential roles in CGA metabolism. Our findings provide new insights into the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms of CGA pathway, and will inform future efforts to build a genetically improve sweet potato through the breeding of high CGA content varieties.
Butyrate fermentation by immobilized
Clostridium tyrobutyricum was successfully carried out in a fibrous bed bioreactor using cane molasses. Batch fermentations were conducted to investigate the ...influence of pH on the metabolism of the strain, and the results showed that the fermentation gave a highest butyrate production of 26.2
g
l
−1 with yield of 0.47
g
g
−1 and reactor productivity up to 4.13
g
l
−1
h
−1 at pH 6.0. When repeated-batch fermentation was carried out, long-term operation with high butyrate yield, volumetric productivity was achieved. Several cane molasses pretreatment techniques were investigated, and it was found that sulfuric acid treatment gave better results regarding butyrate concentration (34.6
±
0.8
g
l
−1), yield (0.58
±
0.01
g
g
−1), and sugar utilization (90.8
±
0.9%). Also, fed-batch fermentation from cane molasses pretreated with sulfuric acid was performed to further increase the concentration of butyrate up to 55.2
g
l
−1.
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