The Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (or Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru/TNBTS) is a popular tourist destination in Indonesia, and the local authorities encourage the development of new local ...specialty products. One locally available commodity is coffee. This study investigated the best formula for Tengger herbal coffee. The randomized block design (RBD) consisted of two factors, including the coffee types (i.e., Arabica, Robusta, and Arabica:Robusta (50:50)) and the proportion of coffee:fennel seed powders (i.e., 92:8, 90:10, and 88:12). Physicochemical and organoleptic quality parameters were analyzed. In all coffee types, the addition of fennel seed powder at different concentrations significantly affects the sensory attribute (i.e., color, taste, and aroma) and the physicochemical characteristics of Tengger herbal coffee. The blending of coffee with fennel seed powder improved the taste and aroma of the herbal coffee. The best formulation was obtained from A3B3, a mixture of 44% Arabica coffee: 44% Robusta coffee: 12% fennel seed powder. This formula resulted in Tengger herbal coffee with pH 4.9, 16.6 color lightness, 0.64% total insoluble solids (TIS), 0.07% caffeine content, 47.2 mg GAE/g total phenol, 0.49 ppm antioxidant activity (IC50), and 0.58% reducing sugar. The findings confirmed that Tengger herbal coffee offers health benefits from its antioxidant activity, alongside the potential as a traditional beverage product.
Bedda Lotong merupakan lulur tradisional dari suku Bugis yang memiliki karakteristik kasar sehingga diperlukan inovasi untuk meningkatkan mutu, baik sifat fisik kimia maupun nutrisi. Salah satu bahan ...alami yang diduga dapat meningkatkan mutu lulur Bedda Lotong adalah VCO. Lulur Bedda Lotong tidak dapat dikombinasikan langsung dengan VCO, dikarenakan VCO merupakan emulsi minyak yang tidak dapat berdiri sendiri, sehingga diperlukan emulgator sebagai bahan untuk menstabilkan emulsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formulasi Bedda Lotong dengan penambahan konsentrasi VCO dan emulgator yang dapat memperbaiki karakteristik fisik dan meningkatkan nutrisi berupa antioksidan dalam sediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran diameter droplet meningkat seiring dengan penambahan konsentrasi VCO sebesar 15,85-34,93 µm. Nilai viskositas mengalami penurunan seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi VCO dimana formulasi F6 berbeda nyata dengan formulasi lainnya (p<0,05). Nilai pH menunjukkan adaya perubahan di hari ke-7, namun emulgator Trietanolamin/TEA cenderung stabil. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) terbukti mengami penurunan seiring dengan penambahan konsentrasi VCO. Kandungan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik diperoleh pada formulasi F6. Secara umum formulasi terbaik diperoleh pada formulasi F3 dengan penembahan VCO 25% dan emulgator jenis Trietenolamin/TEA.
Baby java orange (Citrus sinensis) is the main ingredient for various products. Pectin as a baby java orange peel substance is extracted using various methods. Microwave-assisted extraction is a ...method that uses heat energy dissipated by the volume setting from the transmitting medium. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of orange peel powder: acid solution ratio (1:10, 1:15, 1:20 b/v) and extraction time (5, 10, 20 min) on characteristics of extracted pectin by using MAE (Microwave-Assisted Extraction) at 2.450 MHz. The best result was a 15-minute extraction time and 1:15 as the material: acid solution ratio. The treatment resulted in a 51.3% yield, 10.8% water content, 5% ash content, 775.41 equivalent weight, and 6.49 methoxyl content. The intense FTIR spectrum in the ―CO―CH3 and ―COOH groups showed the same result as the standardised pectin.
Oil palm empty fruit bunch is a solid waste that accounts for 22% of palm oil production, but its utilization is still limited, so it needs further processing. One alternative for processing oil palm ...empty fruit bunch waste is using pyrolysis to produce biochar and syngas. The present research worked on producing micro biochar to increase the surface area by making smaller particles. Oil palm empty fruit can be converted into micro biochar with a ball mill. This study aimed to determine the effect of pyrolysis temperature and ball mill duration on the proximate characteristics and particle size distribution of oil palm empty fruit bunch micro-biochar. The research design was arranged using a Randomised Block Design with two factors: pyrolysis temperature (400°C, 500°C, and 600°C) and ball mill time (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours). The micro biochar characterisation includes moisture content, ash content, bound carbon content (bound carbon), volatile matter, calorific value, and particle size distribution. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature and ball mill duration had an insignificant effect on water content. The heating value increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The carbon content slightly increased with pyrolysis temperature and ball mill duration. The temperature and duration of the ball milling influenced the particle size distribution. The higher the pyrolysis temperature and the ball mill duration, the smaller the average particle size distribution. The smallest particle size was 3.04 µm, pyrolyzed at 600°C and had a ball milling duration of 72 hours.
Nipa is one of the palm family, and 60% of the fruit is biomass waste. One of the utilizations of the waste is to be converted into activated carbon. In the present research, the nipa waste was ...pyrolyzed, and the biochar, a by-product of the pyrolysis process, was activated using HCl. The nipa's fruit waste activated carbon (NWAC) was then experimentally used to remove the distinct odours of Noni and Mangosteen herbal drinks. The characteristics of the NWAC produced in this study have a water content of 15.08%, ash content of 8.77%, volatile matter of 8.51%, carbon content of 67.6%, yield of 95.49%, iodine adsorption of 966.98 mg/g, and surface area of 1066.39 m
2
/g. The characteristics of the Noni herbal drink after NWAC adsorption showed that the highest total dissolved solids of 6.97 °Brix was treated with 25% NWAC addition. The lowest IC50 value was 4.4 ppm, and it was gradually increased with the addition of the NWAC. The addition of NWAC decreased the total phenol in the Mangosteen peel herbal drink, but the effect was insignificant in the Noni herbal drink. Antioxidant activity values ranged from 16% to 37% in the Mangosteen herbal drink, and 30% to 55% in the Noni herbal drink. The total dissolved solids ranged between 4 and 7 °Brix in both herbal drinks. Overall, the addition of NWAC improved the quality of the herbal drinks, but the optimum condition needs to be quantified.
Rose myrtle fruit (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, (W.Ait), Myrtaceae) is one of fruits widely found in Kalimantan. This fruit contains a bioactive compound that has a potential to be used as medicine. The ...aim of this study was to obtain optimal temperature and time of extraction in maintaining and protecting the bioactive compound in rose myrtle fruit extract by using water as solvent. This research applied the response surface method with central composite design for two factors, namely, X1 (temperature/°C) consisting of three levels: 70, 80, and 90°C and X2 (time/minute) which consisted of three levels of 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Research parameters included total phenol and antioxidant activity. Moreover, GC-MS was used for the characterization of the chemical compound component contained in rose myrtle fruit extract. Optimization of extraction condition resulted in an optimum temperature for extraction of 80.43°C and optimum time for extraction of 85 minutes with an optimum yield of total phenol of 73.77 mg/100 g fresh fruit and antioxidant activity of 1.0385 µg/ml with desirability of 0.892 or 89.2%.
Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) belongs to the Arecaceae family, covering 30% of over 4 million ha of mangrove forest in Indonesia. The most valuable part of nipa is the fruits for food, drink, ...handicrafts, and medicine, leaving empty fruit bunches as waste. The empty fruit bunch waste reaches 75% of the total weight of nipa fruit, producing approximately 6 Mt/ha or over 6 million Mt in a year. Nipa empty fruit bunches (EFB) are biomass containing 27.3% lignin, 36.1% cellulose, and 21.8% hemicellulose. Due to Indonesia’s increasing nipa fruit harvesting, managing and finding a suitable solution to overcome waste issues is essential. In the present review, nipa EFB’s physical and chemical properties were found suitable as a biomass energy source. Nipa’s EFB energy recovery was potentially generated from direct combustion, pyrolysis, and briquette making. The harvesting challenge and emission from direct combustion or pyrolysis process limit the nipa utilization. Education and technology dissemination is required for the coastal communities to assist in utilizing nipa.
Kuliner khas memiliki peranan yang penting dalam menarik minat wisatawan baik domestik maupun mancanegara. Potensi komoditas unggulan kawasan Bromo yang baik dikembangkan sebagai kuliner adalah ...sayuran kentang. Kentang memiliki kandungan pati yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi kerupuk kentang, dan diharapkan berpotensi menjadi salah satu oleh-oleh khas Tengger. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetauhi pengaruh proporsi penambahan tepung tapioka terhadap kualitas fisik kerupuk yang optimal dan mengetauhi tingkat kesukaan kerupuk kentang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan linear programming sebagai penentuan komposisi ke-3 formulasi. Rancangan formulasi kerupuk kentang dibuat dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Berdasarkan penelitian ini kerupuk kentang yang dapat diterima secara organoleptik oleh panelis adalah formulasi ke-3 (kentang 65% : tapioka 30% : 5% bahan tambahan). Hasil analisis kadar air kerupuk kentang sebesar 4.66%, daya patah sebesar 14.90 N dan daya kembang sebesar 83.2%. Biaya pokok pembuatan kerupuk kentang formulasi ke-3 (tiga) sebesar Rp. 2.819,60 per 100 gram.
Kandungan polifenol dalam kopi hijau berpotensi menurunkan akumulasi lemak viseral sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total secara signifikan. Kopi hijau memiliki rasa kurang nikmat ketika ...dikonsumsi, sehingga perlu penelitian mengenai ekstraksi polifenol untuk diolah sebagai produk bernilai jual tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah optimasi kombinasi konsentrasi dan rasio penambahan pelarut yang optimal dalam menghasilkan rendemen dan kadar fenol tertinggi pada proses ekstraksi senyawa polifenol biji kopi hijau. Metode optimasi yang digunakan adalah Response Surface Method dengan Central Composite Design. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan dua variabel optimasi yaitu konsentrasi pelarut etanol (60–90%) dan rasio pelarut (20–40 ml/g). Respon yang diukur adalah total fenol dan rendemen ekstrak. Kondisi optimum yang diperoleh adalah pada ekstraksi menggunakan konsentrasi pelarut 84,92% dan rasio 40 ml/g dengan desirability sebesar 0,87. Hasil prediksi program menghasilkan total fenol sebesar 534,50 mg GAE/g dan rendemen ekstrak 17,179%. Hasil verifikasi solusi optimal adalah total fenol sebesar 538,83 mg GAE/g dan rendemen 15,39%.
One of the local commodities such as oranges is popular in Donowarih village. In harvesting season, a high waste material was produced due to rotten orange fruit. Introducing post-harvesting ...technology to the community can help them to increase the economic values of the local commodities. The aim of this community development program was to transfer the technology and assist Donowarih Village to be one of the agro techno park (ATP) model in East Java. Several activities have been carried out include processing orange fruit into orange juice and orange jelly sweets. In this study, the creation of group-based agroindustry to process orange fruit has enable the group member to have more knowledge and skills, as well as potential additional income.
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