This paper presents a hybrid wearable sensor network system towards the Internet of Things (IoT) connected safety and health monitoring applications. The system is aimed at improving safety in the ...outdoor workplace. The proposed system consists of a wearable body area network (WBAN) to collect user data and a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) to connect the WBAN with the Internet. The wearable sensors in the WBAN are exerted to measure the environmental conditions around the subject using a Safe Node and monitor the vital signs of the subject using a Health Node. A standalone local server (gateway), which can process the raw sensor signals, display the environmental and physiological data, and trigger an alert if any emergency circumstance is detected, is designed within the proposed network. To connect the gateway with the Internet, an IoT cloud server is implemented to provide more functionalities, such as web monitoring and mobile applications.
In this short note, we provide a self-contained proof for the criterion ∇ u ∈ L 5 2 ( 0 , T ; L 2 ( R 3 ) ) to Navier–Stokes equations energy balance, which improves some recent results on this ...problem.
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•The working mechanism of ZABs is introduced, especially oxygen electrochemistry.•Neutral and near-neutral electrolytes were reviewed for ZABs.•Oxygen catalysts were summarized within ...or beyond neutral ZABs.•A brief outlook was proposed for electrolytes and catalysts in neutral ZABs.
Rechargeable Zn-air batteries (R-ZABs) are promising electrochemical energy storage devices with the advantages of high theoretical energy density, low cost of Zn metal and environment-friendliness. ZABs with neutral electrolytes can avoid or mitigate many side reactions harassing alkaline ZABs because neutral electrolyte is mild and green, which is conducive to battery life. However, the development of neutral ZABs is still in an initial stage. In this review, we would like to summarize the recent progress of neutral electrolytes and electrocatalysts, which are applied in or beyond ZABs. The working mechanism of ZABs is first introduced, especially oxygen electrochemistry on cathode. After elucidating the disadvantages of alkaline electrolytes, several neutral and near-neutral electrolytes are then summarized on developments as well as challenges, such as inorganic/organic salt solutions, high concentration electrolytes and quasi-solid electrolytes. Next, different cathode structures and their impacts on catalysts are presented. The latest progress of different catalysts in neutral electrolytes are classified and summarized, including metal oxides, metal phosphides/sulfides, metal phosphates, single-atom catalysts, etc. Finally, we conclude with a summary and propose a brief outlook for the future developments of electrolytes and oxygen catalysts applied in neutral ZABs.
•Self-efficacy was related to health promotion behaviors and overall healthy aging.•Support from neighbors or friends was impactful on self-efficacy and healthy aging.•Correlation between sources of ...social support and impacts on healthy aging.
To determine the pattern of relationships among social support network, social support, self-efficacy, health-promoting behavior and healthy aging in older adults.
Totally, 485 community-dwelling participants aged 60 years and older were recruited from four districts of Beijing, China. Data were obtained from July to November, 2017 using a questionnaire containing general information items, the Lubben Social Network Scale-18, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey-Chinese version, the Self-rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II and a Healthy Aging Instrument. Path analysis was applied to examine the pattern of relationships between one’s social support network and healthy aging.
The influence of a neighbor network on healthy aging was stronger than that of a family and friend network. Friend network had greater impact than family network on health-promoting behavior and self-efficacy. However, support from family members had a stronger effect than friend support and neighbor support on health-promoting behavior, self-efficacy and healthy aging. Furthermore, the finding revealed that self-efficacy had the stronger effect on healthy aging than that of health-promoting behavior.
These findings demonstrate that one’s social support network plays an important role in promoting healthy aging. In China, medical and human resources for community healthcare systems are often limited. We propose that community nurses, as the “gatekeepers” to the healthcare system, should actively collaborate with older adults’ social network resources to promote healthy aging. Moreover, nurses should develop efficient programs which focus on the ways of improving self-efficacy.
This paper summarizes 13 indoor space design indicators that affect perception and behavior from three aspects: physical elements, other elements, and spatial attributes. Then, through the K-means ...algorithm and FP-growth correlation rule algorithm, we obtain the user’s behavioral habit data and carry out the simple correlation analysis and curve estimation regression analysis of the user’s perception and behavior based on the indexes in turn. On this basis, it is proposed that the indoor space stay time factor of green art users and spatial perception have 10 highly significant correlation indexes with 0.01 boundaries (two-tailed). Under the quadratic function model of the time factor R
=0.3425, the width in the spatial scale and the significance of the time factor have a P-value of 0.0065. The peak value of indoor natural light intake of the neighborhoods adopting the green design is 2,667.3% higher than that of traditional neighborhoods on cloudy days. The cost is 2667.3951 more, but the green interior design that is based on perception and behavioral association is highly effective.
Low detection and nonadherence are major problems in current management approaches for patients with suspected atrial fibrillation (AF). Mobile health devices may enable earlier AF detection and ...improved AF management.
This study sought to investigate the effectiveness of AF screening in a large population-based cohort using smart device–based photoplethysmography (PPG) technology, combined with a clinical care AF management pathway using a mobile health approach.
AF screening was performed with smart devices using PPG technology, which were made available for the population ≥18 years of age across China. Monitoring for at least 14 days with a wristband (Honor Band 4) or wristwatch (Huawei Watch GT, Honor Watch, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China) was allowed. The patients with “possible AF” episodes using the PPG algorithm were further confirmed by health providers among the MAFA (mobile AF app) Telecare center and network hospitals, with clinical evaluation, electrocardiogram, or 24-h Holter monitoring.
There were 246,541 individuals who downloaded the PPG screening app, and 187,912 individuals used smart devices to monitor their pulse rhythm between October 26, 2018, and May 20, 2019. Among those with PPG monitoring (mean age 35 years, 86.7% male), 424 (of 187,912, 0.23%) (mean age 54 years, 87.0% male) received a “suspected AF” notification. Of those effectively followed up, 227 individuals (of 262, 87.0%) were confirmed as having AF, with the positive predictive value of PPG signals being 91.6% (95% confidential interval CI: 91.5% to 91.8%). Both suspected AF and identified AF markedly increased with age (p for trend <0.001), and individuals in Northeast China had the highest proportion of detected AF of 0.28% (95% CI: 0.20% to 0.39%). Of the individuals with identified AF, 216 (of 227, 95.1%) subsequently entered a program of integrated AF management using a mobile AF application; approximately 80% of high-risk patients were successfully anticoagulated.
Based on the present study, continuous home monitoring with smart device–based PPG technology could be a feasible approach for AF screening. This would help efforts at screening and detection of AF, as well as early interventions to reduce stroke and other AF-related complications. (Mobile Health mHealth Technology for Improved Screening, Patient Involvement and Optimizing Integrated Care in Atrial Fibrillation MAFA II; ChiCTR-OOC-17014138)
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Many contemporary efforts have been put to (re-)establish the order of fully ordained nuns in Tibetan Buddhism. Those who are in favor of such practice often refer to premodern Tibetan hagiographies ...to claim the existence of indigenous fully ordained nuns in the past. A series of female practitioners, indeed, appear as fully ordained nuns in such narratives dating from approximately the fourteenth century to the seventeenth century. Their monastic identities as such, however, are contested by Tibetan Buddhist masters because the methods of their ordinations, seemingly conferred by the male saṃgha alone, do not strictly follow the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya tradition, which is observed by the Tibetan Buddhists. In an effort to investigate as to how these female practitioners were fully ordained and the purposes of composing such narratives about their ordinations, this article revisits relevant hagiographies with particular reference to The biography of Chokyi Dronma, the Third incarnation of the WisdomḌākinī Sonam Peldren (Ye shes mkha’ ‘gro bsod nams dpal ‘dren gyi sku skye gsum pa rje btsun ma chos kyi sgron ma’i rnam thar) and a detailed exposition of The biography of Shākya Chokden (Shākya mchog ldan gyi rnam thar zhib mo rnam par ‘byed pa). It suggests that depicting these personas as fully ordained nuns serves the purpose of highlighting the hagiography subjects’ outstanding spiritual performance, while the recognition of monastic identity as such may not go beyond the context of these writings.
Lately, there has been a resurgence of interest in nonlinear multimode optical systems. The sheer complexity emerging from the presence of a multitude of nonlinearly interacting modes has led not ...only to new opportunities in observing a host of novel optical effects but also to new theoretical challenges in understanding their collective dynamics. Here, we present a consistent thermodynamical framework capable of describing in a universal fashion the exceedingly intricate behaviour of such photonic configurations. In this respect, we derive new equations of state and show that both the ‘internal energy’ and optical power always flow in accord to the second law of thermodynamics. The laws governing isentropic processes are derived and the prospect for realizing Carnot-like cycles is presented. In addition to shedding light on fundamental issues, our work may pave the way towards a new generation of high-power multimode optical structures and could have ramifications in other disciplines, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and optomechanics.
We propose a magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna which is able to provide four states of polarization control, namely, the linear polarization (LP) in x-direction, LP in y-direction, left-hand ...circular polarization (CP), and righth- and CP. Under each of the two LP states, the reconfigurable ME dipole can be further tuned to work in two adjacent frequency ranges (i.e., a relatively higher band and a lower band). The uniqueness of this design arises from the fact that all the polarization and frequency agilities can be realized with a single port and without complicate feeding network, thus eliminating the insertion loss and considerably increased design complexity associated with a reconfigurable feeding network. Other advantages that make the proposed design attractive comparing with conventional reconfigurable microstrip antennas include the comparatively stable and high gain, nearly the same gain for both linear and CPs, symmetrical radiation pattern, and low back radiation level at the operating frequencies.
Solid electrolyte is critical to next-generation solid-state lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and improved safety. Sulfide solid electrolytes show some unique properties, such as the ...high ionic conductivity and low mechanical stiffness. Here we show that the electrochemical stability window of sulfide electrolytes can be improved by controlling synthesis parameters and the consequent core-shell microstructural compositions. This results in a stability window of 0.7-3.1 V and quasi-stability window of up to 5 V for Li-Si-P-S sulfide electrolytes with high Si composition in the shell, a window much larger than the previously predicted one of 1.7-2.1 V. Theoretical and computational work explains this improved voltage window in terms of volume constriction, which resists the decomposition accompanying expansion of the solid electrolyte. It is shown that in the limiting case of a core-shell morphology that imposes a constant volume constraint on the electrolyte, the stability window can be further opened up. Advanced strategies to design the next-generation sulfide solid electrolytes are also discussed based on our understanding.
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