Lawyer Farhana Yamin explains what drove her to civil disobedience after three decades of environmental advocacy for the IPCC, the United Nations and more.
Based on Phase I of a UK–India collaborative study, this paper analyses two case studies of low carbon technologies—hybrid vehicles and coal-fired power generation via integrated gasification ...combined cycle (IGCC). The analysis highlights the following six key considerations for the development of policy aimed at facilitating low carbon technology transfer to developing countries: (1) technology transfer needs to be seen as part of a broader process of sustained, low carbon technological capacity development in recipient countries; (2) the fact that low carbon technologies are at different stages of development means that low carbon technology transfer involves both vertical transfer (the transfer of technologies from the R&D stage through to commercialisation) and horizontal transfer (the transfer from one geographical location to another). Barriers to transfer and appropriate policy responses often vary according to the stage of technology development as well as the specific source and recipient country contexts; (3) less integrated technology transfer arrangements, involving, for example, acquisition of different items of plant from a range of host country equipment manufacturers, are more likely to involve knowledge exchange and diffusion through recipient country economies; (4) recipient firms that, as part of the transfer process, strategically aim to obtain technological know-how and knowledge necessary for innovation during the transfer process are more likely to be able to develop their capacity as a result; (5) whilst access to Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) may sometimes be a necessary part of facilitating technology transfer, it is not likely to be sufficient in itself. Other factors such as absorptive capacity and risks associated with new technologies must also be addressed; (6) there is a central role for both national and international policy interventions in achieving low carbon technology transfer. The lack of available empirical analysis on low carbon technology transfer, coupled with the prominence of the issue within international climate negotiations, suggests an urgent need for further research effort in this area.
Climate change is an environmental problem of unprecedented complexity, not just in terms of its physical, social, economic and political impacts, but particularly in terms of the range of policy ...instruments being designed by countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Climate Change and Carbon Markets aims to provide an accessible and practical guide to cutting edge market-based mechanisms which will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This book is a guide for national and international policy-makers and industry professionals, who need to understand the carbon markets established pursuant to the Kyoto Protocol, one of the most complex agreements ever negotiated. The book sets out how carbon markets will function by explaining the rules, institutions and procedures of the Kyoto mechanisms, including: emissions trading, joint implementation (JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). It also provides an in-depth explanation of the EU Emissions Allowance Trading Scheme, emerging mechanisms in the US and developing countries, and how these will link up.
For policy-makers, researchers and scholars; industry practitioners, companies, market service providers, technical and legal consultants, NGOs and all stakeholder organizations engaged in the Kyoto markets, this is the authoritative and comprehensive practical guide to this rapidly evolving area.
Contains the full text of the key European Union documents setting up the EU Emissions Allowance Trading Scheme and the Linking Directive.
Farhana Yamin is a Fellow in Environment at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex in the UK. She is an international lawyer specializing in climate change law and policy. She is a lead author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, former Legal Advisor to AOSIS and consultant to the European Commission on the EU Emissions Allowance Trading Directive. Her other publications include The International Climate Regime: A Guide to Rules, Institutions and Procedures.
List of Abbreviations * List of Figures, Tables and boxes * Foreword * Preface and Acknowledgements * About the Contributors * Introduction * Purpose * Structure of Book * The Nature of the Climate Change Problem * An Overview of the UNFCCC * An Overview of the Kyoto Protocol * An Overview of the Kyoto Mechanism * Part I: The International Rules on the Kyoto Mechanisms * Part 2: The EU Greenhouse Gas Emission Allowance Trading Scheme * Part 3: Development and Implementation of the Kyoto Mechanisms Worldwide * Part 4: Conclusion: Mechanisms, Linkages and the Direction of the Future Climate Regime * Appendices: 1 Documents Relating to the EU Emisssion Allowance Trading Scheme * 2 EU Emission Allowance Trading Scheme Directive * 3 EU Directive 2004/101/EC * 4 EU Guidelines on Allocations of Allowances * Index
Climate change is an environmental problem of unprecedented complexity, not just in terms of its physical, social, economic and political impacts, but particularly in terms of the range of policy ...instruments being designed by countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Climate Change and Carbon Markets aims to provide an accessible and practical guide to cutting edge market-based mechanisms which will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This book is a guide for national and international policy-makers and industry professionals, who need to understand the carbon markets established pursuant to the Kyoto Protocol, one of the most complex agreements ever negotiated. The book sets out how carbon markets will function by explaining the rules, institutions and procedures of the Kyoto mechanisms, including: emissions trading, joint implementation (JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). It also provides an in-depth explanation of the EU Emissions Allowance Trading Scheme, emerging mechanisms in the US and developing countries, and how these will link up.
For policy-makers, researchers and scholars; industry practitioners, companies, market service providers, technical and legal consultants, NGOs and all stakeholder organizations engaged in the Kyoto markets, this is the authoritative and comprehensive practical guide to this rapidly evolving area.
Contains the full text of the key European Union documents setting up the EU Emissions Allowance Trading Scheme and the Linking Directive.
This article reviews the European Union's stance and policies on climate change adaptation and argues that developing a coherent long-term European strategy on climate change post-2012 will require ...the European Union to focus more strongly on adaptation issues than has hitherto been the case. It suggests that the EU should examine the dissonance between its prescriptions for integrating adaptation within the EU with its prescriptions to developing countries to mainstream adaptation. The EU should avoid a carrot-and-stick approach to adaptation funding and should focus on identifying common institutional and learning challenges with developing countries.
The articles in this IDS Bulletin present insights from the Linking Climate Adaptation (LCA) Project that aimed to ensure that poor people benefit from adaptation processes, rather than hearing ...greater burdens by, for example, having the risks caused by climate change shifted in their direction. The key research aim of the LCA Project was to determine what kind of procedural & institutional frameworks are needed to ensure that locally determined adaptation needs are linked "upwards" to national & international policy & institutional structures. The overview brings together policy relevant insights on this question whilst also explaining the conceptual underpinnings of the project, focusing on the nature of vulnerability & adaptation & policy processes to support community-led adaptation. The key conclusions are that climate change is a serious, ongoing threat to development & will add burdens to those who are already poor & vulnerable, & that climate vulnerability analysis should he incorporated systematically into the three main policy & institutional frameworks relevant for adaptation: development, disaster relief & climate change. Ways of fostering conceptual, operational & institutional linkages between these three domains are described, focusing on how these can help communities take centre stage in conducting vulnerability analysis & implementation to enhance their long-term capacities for adaptation. 1 Figure, 65 References. Adapted from the source document.
PDF
