Two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical (NLO) monolayers are brilliant candidates for future nanoscale laser devices, typically within the ultra-violet (UV) range. While for bulk crystals, KBe
2
BO
3
...F
2
(KBBF) and β-BaB
2
O
4
(BBO) are the two NLO crystals most applied in the UV region. In this article, we designed a series of 2D-KBBF and 2D-BBO monolayer families, which were predicted by first-principles calculations to be transparent in the deep ultra-violet (DUV) to visible (vis) range. And their NLO effects are also enhanced compared to the bulk. Both 2D-BBO and 2D-KBBF preserve the planar triangular borate ion structures.
A series of 2D NLO monolayers based on the layered structure of KBe
2
BO
3
F
2
and the planar triangular anions of β-BaB
2
O
4
were designed with first-principles calculations. The 2D-KBBF and 2D-BBO families are predicted to be excellent candidates for 2D NLO monolayers.
Developing the efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of the great importance for the production of H2. The popular bi-functional catalysts usually shown good activity ...for one half reaction at expense of the activity for another half-reaction, thus given a moderate performance for overall water splitting. In this paper, we have reported on integrating the active OER (Ni3N) and HER (NiMoN) components as Ni3N-NiMoN heterostructures for the effective overall water splitting. The heterostructures were constructed by the controllable nitridation of the Ni-Mo-O precursor anchored on carbon cloth (CC) under NH3 atmosphere. The micro-structures of the catalyst could be tuned by regulating the surface properties of CC and the calcination temperature. Under optimized condition, the Ni3N-NiMoN catalysts exhibited good catalytic activity for both OER and HER in alkaline electrolyte. The catalysts can achieve a current density of 10mAcm−2 at an overpotential of 31mV for HER, being close to Pt catalyst. Also, it only requiring an overpotential of 277mV to reach current density of 10mAcm−2 for OER. Moreover, the cell assembled by the identical Ni3N-NiMoN as both the cathode and anode needs only a cell voltage of 1.54V to achieve current density of 10mAcm−2. The superior performance of Ni3N-NiMoN heterostructures can be ascribed to the following points: 1) the simultaneous presence of active OER and HER components and the promoted action each other in the heterostructures, and 2) the exposure of the abundant active sites in the sheet-like structure assembled by the nanoparticles.
The OER-active Ni3N and HER-active NiMoN have been integrated as Ni3N-NiMoN heterostructures anchored on carbon cloth for the high-effective overall water splitting. The catalysts can achieve a current density of 10mAcm−2 at an overpotential of 31mV for HER and an overpotential of 277mV for OER. The cell assembled by Ni3N-NiMoN heterostructures as both the cathode and anode only needs a cell voltage of 1.54V to achieve 10mAcm−2 for overall water splitting. Display omitted
•The active OER and HER components are integrated as Ni3N-NiMoN heterostructures.•The heterostructures show good performance for both HER and OER.•The heterostructures exhibit superior performance for overall water splitting.•The origin of superior performance of the heterostructures is elucidated.
There are still great challenges for the effective treatment of infectious diseases, although considerable achievement has been made by using antiviral and antimicrobial agents varying from ...small-molecule drugs, peptides/proteins, to nucleic acids. The nanomedicine approach is emerging as a new strategy capable of overcoming disadvantages of molecular therapeutics and amplifying their anti-infective activities, by localized delivery to infection sites, reducing off-target effects, and/or attenuating resistance development. Nanotechnology, in combination with bioinspired and biomimetic approaches, affords additional functions to nanoparticles derived from synthetic materials. Herein, we aim to provide a state-of-the-art review on recent progress in biomimetic and bioengineered nanotherapies for the treatment of infectious disease. Different biomimetic nanoparticles, derived from viruses, bacteria, and mammalian cells, are first described, with respect to their construction and biophysicochemical properties. Then, the applications of diverse biomimetic nanoparticles in anti-infective therapy are introduced, either by their intrinsic activity or by loading and site-specifically delivering various molecular drugs. Bioinspired and biomimetic nanovaccines for prevention and/or therapy of infectious diseases are also highlighted. At the end, major translation issues and future directions of this field are discussed.
Positive psychology is a revolution in the science of psychology as well as a new milestone in the development of human society. The purpose of the study was to use bibliometrics and visual analysis ...to assess the current state and trends in positive psychology research.
The Web of Science Core Collection was searched for 4,378 papers on positive psychology between 1999 and 2021. The features of positive psychology research were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013, VOSviewer (1.6.17), and CiteSpace (5.8.R1).
The findings demonstrate a steady growth in positive psychology publications from 1999 to 2021. The United States (1,780) and Harvard University (104), respectively, were the most productive nations and organizations in this subject.
was the most productive journal (288), while the
had the most co-citations (8,469). Seligman was the most influential author, with 3,350 citations and 5,020 co-citations. The top ten co-cited references, in terms of citation explosion, suggesting that these papers provide the foundation for the growth of this discipline. The systematic review, character strengths, positive psychology intervention, language pleasure, and the COVID-19 pandemic are the focal points of research and development developments in this discipline.
These findings have helped researchers in positive psychology find new ways to collaborate with partners, hot topics, and research frontiers.
Polyoxometalates (POMs), a large family of anionic polynuclear metal-oxo clusters, have received considerable research attention due to their structural versatility and diverse physicochemical ...properties. Lacunary POMs are key building blocks for the syntheses of functional POMs due to their highly active multidentate O-donor sites. In this review, we have addressed the structural diversities of Ti/Zr-substituted POMs based on the polymerization number of POM building blocks and the number of Ti and Zr centers. The synthetic strategies and relevant catalytic applications of some representative Ti/Zr-substituted POMs have been discussed in detail. Finally, the outlook on the future development of this area is also prospected.
Positive psychology is a vibrant field of study, and conceptualizations of the components of well-being have received a great deal of attention from researchers. The study of well-being literacy thus ...provides an innovative perspective for enhancing and sustaining individuals' experiences of well-being.
This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the wellbeing literacy 6-item (Well-Lit 6) scale in Chinese military academy cadets.
A total of 3,218 undergraduate students from five military academies in China were recruited to complete questionnaires online.
(1) The items of the scale showed high discrimination; (2) The alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.986 and the split-half reliability was 0.981, indicating high homogeneous reliability and split-half reliability; (3) The scale model fitted well and displayed structural validity; (4) The correlation between well-being literacy and related indicators was significant, and the calibration correlation and convergent-discriminant validity of the scale were high; (5) After gradually adding demographic variables, known predictors factors and well-being literacy, the
for subjective well-being, life satisfaction, depression, and anxiety ranged from 0.036 to 0.067, 0.184 to 0.340, and 0.009 to 0.017, respectively, showing high incremental validity; (6) the total well-being literacy scores differed significantly by gender, grade, and parenting style.
The Chinese version of the Well-Lit 6 is reliable and valid in predicting and accessing the subjective well-being, life satisfaction, emotion regulation, and psychological resilience of Chinese military academy cadets.
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•Laboratory testing and quantification of soil erosion.•Effects of topography on runoff, sediment yield and water and soil loss regulations.•For sediment yield and water and soil ...loss, topography has the greatest influence.•Anti-S-shaped slopes exhibit favorable erosion resistance.
Due to frequent severe mining activities and globally destructive extreme storms, soil and water loss in open-pit coal mine dumps is extremely serious. To investigate the effect of topography on soil erosion, rainfall with a constant intensity of 1.50 mm·min−1 was conducted on topography models for 60 min. We investigated the effects of 4 topographies (straight slope, concave slope, S-shaped slope and anti-S-shaped slope) and 4 slope gradients (20°, 25°, 30° and 35°) on runoff, sediment yield, and soil and water loss. The results show that the 25° slope gradient was not conducive to infiltration, but the S-shaped slope was favorable. The runoff and sediment yield increased rapidly, then fluctuated upward in a certain range and eventually stabilized with increasing rainfall duration. With increasing slope gradient, the total runoff decreased exponentially, the total sediment yield decreased linearly, and the total amount of water and soil loss declined continuously. The initial runoff time results exhibited the order of anti-S-shaped slope > straight slope > concave slope > S-shaped slope, but the stable runoff size satisfied the S-shaped slope > straight slope > concave slope > anti-S-shaped slope. The results of the significant degree of influence of topography on sediment yield and water and soil loss exhibited the order of anti-S-shaped slope > S-shaped slope > straight slope > concave slope and S-shaped slope > straight slope > concave slope and anti-S-shaped slope. The effect of slope gradient on soil humidity and runoff was more significant than that on topography and their interaction (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, for sediment yield and water and soil loss, topography had the greatest influence (p < 0.001). Notably, the total amount of water and soil loss on the anti-S-shaped slope was relatively minimal.
Objective
This study aims to investigate the indirect effect of impulsiveness on suicidal ideation through depression and the moderating effect of impulsiveness on the indirect effect in an ...integrated path model.
Methods
Self-rating depression scale (SDS), Barratt impulsiveness scale-11th version (BIS-11), and self-rating idea of suicide scale (SIOSS) were applied. A moderated mediation path model was established including impulsiveness, depression, and suicidal ideation as observed variables.
Results
The main results revealed that the moderated mediation path model fit well in describing the relationships among impulsiveness, depression, and suicidal ideation. The indirect effect of impulsiveness mediated by depression and the moderating effect of impulsiveness on suicidal ideation was significant. Multiple comparisons showed that the indirect effects under different conditions of impulsiveness had statistical differences. The higher the impulsiveness was, the stronger the predictive effect of depression on suicidal ideation was.
Conclusions
The present study confirms that people who have impulsive traits are riskier to generate suicidal thoughts because they are more likely to suffer from depression and that people who are depressive have even higher risk to develop suicidal thoughts when they simultaneously have impulsive traits. In clinical and health care work, when considering depression to prevent suicidal ideation, impulsiveness needs to be monitored throughout the process of premorbid and onset stages of depression.
Fabricating 2D CN and COF based all organic van der Waals heterojunction catalyst for efficient transformation of CO2 to hydrocarbon fuels.
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•2D CN and COF based all organic ...heterojunction catalyst 2D CN-COF was successfully prepared.•The heterojunction arose from the interface van der Waals interaction between 2D CN and COF-TD.•The photoelectrical properties of 2D CN-COF was significantly enhanced due to the formation of heterojunction.•The CO evolution rate over 2D CN-COF is 9.2 times and 3.3 times higher than that of 2D CN and COF-TD, respectively.•The reaction was performed in the absence of any solvent and sacrificial agent.
Two dimensional carbon nitride (2D CN) has attracted extensive attention due to its potential application in the field of photocatalysis. However, the poor electron-hole separation efficiency and low charge carrier migration speed confine the photocatalytic performance of 2D CN. In this work all organic van der Waals heterojunction (vdWH) catalyst (2D CN-COF) was prepared from 2D CN and triazine-based covalent organic framework (COF-TD) to efficiently enhance the catalytic activity of 2D CN. Characterization and simulation results verified the successful preparation of the catalyst. The heterojunction was originated from the intense interface van der Waals force interaction between the molecules of 2D CN and COF-TD. Furthermore, the intense π-π interaction between 2D CN and COF-TD led to the morphology transformation of COF-TD from sphere of isolated sample to elliptic sheet in 2D CN-COF. The intimate interface contact of vdWH has led to reduce bandgap, which remarkably enlarged the visible light responding region of the samples. Meanwhile, the charge carrier recombination was significantly reduced because of the formation of vdWH. The evolution rate of CO over 2D CN-COF was 9.2 times and 3.3 times higher than that of 2D CN and COF-TD, respectively. Moreover, the reaction was performed in the absence of any solvent and sacrificial agent, matching well with the idea of sustainable development. This work not only provides a new and simple strategy to fabricate 2D CN based all organic heterojunction catalyst for efficient photoreduction of CO2 to CO and CH4, but also serves as a reference for other researchers to design organic heterojunction, which is based on 2D CN and COFs.
Rumen-protected choline (RPC) supplementation in the periparturient period has in some instances prevented and alleviated fatty liver disease in dairy cows. Mechanistically, however, it is unclear ...how choline prevents the accumulation of lipid droplets (LD) in liver cells. In this study, primary liver cells isolated from liver tissue obtained via puncture biopsy from 3 nonpregnant midlactation multiparous Holstein cows (∼160 d postpartum) were used. Analyses of LD via oil red O staining, protein abundance via Western blotting, and phospholipid content and composition measured by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC/MC were performed in liver cells cultured in choline-deficient medium containing 150 μmol/L linoleic acid for 24 h. In a subsequent experiment, lipophagy was assessed in liver cells cultured with 30, 60 or 90 µmol/L choline-chloride. All data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 20.0 via t-tests or one-way ANOVA. Compared with liver cells cultured in DMEM medium alone, choline deficiency increased the average diameter of LD (1.59 µm vs. 2.10 µm), decreased the proportion of small LD (<2 µm) from 75.3% to 56.6%, and increased the proportion of large LD (>4 µm) from 5.6% to 15.0%. In addition, the speed of LD fusion was enhanced by the absence of choline. Among phospholipid species, the phosphatidylcholine (PC) content of liver cells decreased by 34.5%. Seventeen species of PC PC (18:2_22:6), PC (15:0_16:1), PC (14:0_20:4), etc and 6 species of LPC LPC (15:0/0:0), PC (22:2/0:0), LPC (20:2/0:0), etc were decreased, while PC (14:1_16:1) and LPC (0:0/20:1) were increased. Choline deficiency increased the Triglyceride (TAG) content (0.57 μmol/mg vs. 0.39 μmol/mg) in liver cells and increased the protein abundance of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage activation protein (SCAP), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) by 23.5%, 17%, and 36.1%, respectively. Upon re-supplementation with choline, the phenotype of LD (TAG content, size, proportion, and phospholipid profile) was reversed, and the ratio of autophagy marker LC3II/LC3I protein was significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, at least in vitro in midlactation cows, these data demonstrated that PC synthesis is necessary for normal LD formation and both rely on choline availability. According to the limitation of the source of liver cells used, further work should be conducted to ascertain that these effects are applicable to liver cells from postpartum cows, the physiological stage where the use of rumen-protected choline has been implemented for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver.
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