Xenotransplantations from pig to human are rapidly rejected because of the interaction between α-Gal epitopes carried by the graft and natural antibodies (anti-Gal antibodies) present in the blood of ...the recipient. This paper describes a three-component one-pot synthesis of three α-Gal related oligosaccharides with minimal protecting group manipulations in a very short period of time.
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Aim To explore the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in THP-1 macrophages induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and the mechanism of EMMPRIN expression. Methods ...THP-1 cells were cultured and induced into macrophages, then stimulated with 10⁻⁶ mol/L Ang II. Levels of EMMPRIN gene and its protein were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) expression was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antagonists of the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT₁R) and angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT₂R) were used to inhibit the effect of Ang II, and PGE₂ added to detail the mechanism of Ang II-induced EMMPRIN expression. Results Ang II clearly induced the expression of EMMPRIN mRNA and protein in macrophages; this expression peaked at 12 h and declined after 24 h. The tendency of enhancement of the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and PGE₂ was coincident with EMMPRIN expression. AT₁-receptor antagonists and COX-2 inhibitors inhibited the effect of Ang II, but AT₂-receptor antagonists did not. Conclusion Ang II can up-regulate EMMPRIN expression in THP-1 macrophages via the AT₁/COX-2/PGE₂ signal transduction pathway, and the effect can be inhibited by losartan and NS-398.
Abstract Background Increasing levels of microRNA (miRNA)-21 can lead to IFN-γ deficiency, thereby suppressing immune function. Whether changes in the peripheral blood expression of miRNA-21 in ...patients with acute stroke are related to stroke-associated infection (SAI) remains unsettled. Methods MiRNA-21 and IFN-γ expression levels in peripheral blood plasma were measured in stroke patients presenting within 24 h of symptom onset to assess whether these expression levels are associated with the prevalence of SAI. Results The stroke with SAI group had significantly higher miRNA-21 expression and lower IFN-γ levels than the stroke without SAI group ( p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between miRNA-21 expression and IFN-γ levels (r = − 0.303, p = 0.026). ROC curves were constructed to measure the performance of the miRNA-21 and IFN-γ to judge SAI. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for miRNA-21 and IFN-γ were 0.667 (95% CI, 0.525 to 0.798, p = 0.028) and 0.698 (95% CI, 0.558 to 0.816, p = 0.005), respectively. The optimal cutoff value was miRNA-21 > 0.53 and IFN-γ ≤ 72.57 pg/ml. There was a significantly different prevalence of SAI between the high miRNA-21 group and the low miRNA-21 group ( p = 0.008, log rank test). There was also a significant difference between the high IFN-γ group and the low IFN-γ group ( p = 0.003, log rank test). Conclusions Plasma up-regulated miRNA-21 and decreased IFN-γ in acute stroke can be considered new biological predictors for SAI and thus, new therapeutic targets.
AIM: To analyze the control effect of orthokeratology(OK)combined with atropine of low concentration on moderate to low myopia in adolescents.METHODS: Totally 76(152 eyes)adolescents with moderate to ...low myopia who were admitted to the department from January 2016 were enrolled. According to the voluntary principle, they were divided into orthokeratology group(OK group, n=36 cases, 72 eyes)and orthokeratology combined with atropine of low concentration group(combination group, n=40 cases, 80 eyes). The OK glasses were given for the two groups. The combination group was additionally given 0.1g/L atropine eye drops. All were followed up for 1a. The changes of uncorrected visual acuity, diopter, axial length, intraocular pressure, tear film function and corneal parameters were measured before and after wearing glasses. The incidence of complications was statistically analyzed.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in uncorrected visual acuity, diopter, axial length and intraocular pressure between the two groups before wearing glasses and at 1a of wearing glasses(P>0.05). The change of uncorrected visual acuity before wearing glasses and at 1a of wearing glasses of combination group was higher than that of OK group while the differences in diopter and axial length were lower than those of OK group(P<0.05). Before wearing glasses, there were no significant differences in the lipid layer thickness(LLT), object scattering index(OSI)or tear film rupture time(tear film break-up time, BUT)between the two groups(P>0.05). At 1a of wearing glasses, LLT and BUT of combination group were higher than those of OK group while OSI was lower than that of OK group(P<0.05). Before wearing glasses, there were no significant differences in corneal curvature, corneal thickness or anterior chamber depth between the two groups(P>0.05). At 1a of wearing glasses, the changes of above indexes of combination group were lower than those of OK group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:OK glasses combined with atropine of low concentration can improve the uncorrected visual acuity of adolescents with moderate to low myopia, control the increase of diopter and axial length. And there is significant negative influence on corneal morphology and tear film function, and with high safety.
Objective To investigate the infection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and its resistance to six kinds of antibiotics in Shenzhen. Methods Urease test and Hp cultivation were performed in 5 080 patients ...with gastrointestinal discomfort in three hospitals in Shenzhen, and antibiotic sensitivity test of agar dilution was performed. Results Among the 5 080 patients, a total of 3 203 patients were Hp positive, with a positive rate of 63.05%. The resistance rate of 3 203 Hp strains to antibiotics was metronidazole (MNZ)(99.6%),amoxicillin(AMX)(30.5%),clarithromycin(CAM)(10.6%), doxycycline (DOX) (0.3%), furazolidone(FR) (0.2%), and levofloxacin(LVX) (0.1%). The rates of total sensitivity to Hp was 0.18%, single drug resistance, double and multiple drug resistance were 62.06%, 33.94% and 3.81%, respectively. MNZ and AMX had the highest double drug resistance (26.69%), while MNZ, CAM and AMX had the highest triple drug resistance (3.68%). The age ≤40 years seems to be a factor for single antibiotic resistance, while the
Background Seventeen million births occur in China each year. Neonatal mortality is the leading cause of under 5-year-old child deaths, and intrapartum-related injury accounts for much of mental ...retardation in young children. The Chinese Ministry of Health sought to improve infant and child survival through a nationwide initiative to have at least one person trained in neonatal resuscitation at every birth. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of China Neonatal Resuscitation Program （NRP） on policy and infrastructure changes and its effectiveness in decreasing the incidence of mortality among newborn infants. Methods The Chinese NRP incorporated policy change, professional education, and creation of a sustainable health system infrastructure for resuscitation. Multidisciplinary teams from all 31 provinces and municipal states disseminated NRP in a train-the-trainer cascade. The intervention targeted 20 provinces with high neonatal mortality and programs to reduce maternal mortality. Program evaluation data came from 322 representative hospitals in those provinces. Results Changes in policy permitted midwives to initiate resuscitation and required resuscitation training for licensure. From 2004 through 2009 more than 110 659 professionals received NRP training in the 20 target provinces, with 94% of delivery facilities and 99% of counties reached. Intrapartum-related deaths in the delivery room decreased from 7.5 to 3.4 per 10 000 from 2003 to 2008, and the incidence of Apgar 〈7 at 1 minute decreased from 6.3% to 2.9%. Conclusions The Chinese NRP achieved policy changes promoting resuscitation, trained large numbers of professionals, and contributed to reduction in delivery room mortality. Improved adherence to the resuscitation algorithm, extension of training to the township level, and coverage of births now occurring outside health facilities can further increase the number of lives saved.
AIM: To investigate camera-assisted measurement in evaluating the accuracy of Hirschberg Test in measuring squint angle of concomitant strabismus.METHODS:The clinical data of 105 patients with ...concomitant strabismus who were admitted to the hospital during the period from January 2016 to January 2018 were collected. After admission, they were given traditional Hirschberg Test and picture Hirschberg Test for squint angle examination.Taking the prism cover test as golden standard, the deviation values between squint angle measured by golden standard and those measured by the traditional Hirschberg Test and the picture Hirschberg Test were recorded.The influence of Kappa angle on the deviation value was analyzed.The application value of camera-assisted measurement in squint angle of concomitant strabismus was analyzed.RESULTS:There was a significant difference in the value of squint angle measured by traditional Hirschberg Test, picture Hirschberg Test and prism cover test test(P<0.05), and the squint angle measured byprism cover test test was higher than that of picture Hirschberg Test method(P<0.05), and the angle in picture Hirschberg Test method was higher than that in traditional Hirschberg Test method(P<0.05), and the consistency of picture Hirschberg Test method and prism cover test test in measuring squint angle was higher than that of Traditional Hirschberg Test method(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the deviation values of squint angle measured by traditional Hirschberg Test among the 4 examiners(P<0.05).The deviation values of all examiners measured by traditional Hirschberg Test were higher than those by picture Hirschberg Test(P<0.05).The deviation degree of picture Hirschberg Test was lower than that of traditional Hirschberg Test in terms of the examination of squint angle in patients with positive and negative Kappa angle(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The deviation of camera-assisted measurement picture Hirschberg Test is lower than that of traditional Hirschberg Test for the measurement of squint angle of concomitant strabismus, and it is more suitable for young patients who cannot cooperate with.
A mononuclear FeII complex that shows a high‐spin (S=2) paramagnetic behavior at all temperatures (with standard temperature‐scan rates, ≈1 K min−1) has, in fact, a low‐spin (S=0) ground state below ...100 K. This low‐spin state is not easily accessible due to the extremely slow dynamics of the spin‐crossover process—a full relaxation from the metastable high‐spin state to the low‐spin ground state takes more than 5 h below 80 K. Bidirectional photo‐switching of the FeII state is achieved reproducibly by two selective irradiations (at 530–590 and 830–850 nm). The slow dynamics of the spin‐crossover and the strong structural cooperativity result in a remarkably wide 95‐K hysteresis loop induced by both temperature and selected light stimuli.
This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. ...HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
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