Abstract Background The 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR) is a newly introduced screening tool, while the Montgomery–Asberg Scale (MADRS) is commonly used in ...research and clinical practice in China. Converting the total scores between the two instruments could facilitate the comparison of different studies. Methods This study included 1164 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The diagnosis was established using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed with the Chinese versions of MADRS (C-MADRS) and QIDS-SR (C-QIDS-SR) at baseline and 6 weeks later (exit point). Total scores of both scales were converted using Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis. Results At baseline, the C-MADRS and C-QIDS-SR were not unifactorial, therefore the conversion between them could not be performed. At exit, the C-MADRS and C-QIDS-SR were unifactorial, meeting the unidimensionality assumption of the IRT approach. Depression severity thresholds for the QIDS-SR are suggested as 6–10 for mild, 11–15 for moderate, 16–20 for severe, 21+ for very severe depression and ≤5 for remission ( www.ids-qids.org ). Based on the results of this study, the corresponding C-MADRS thresholds are 9–17 for mild, 18–24 for moderate, 25–33 for severe, 34+ for very severe depression and ≤7 or 8 (7.5) for remission. Conclusions The conversion of C-QIDS-SR and C-MADRS total scores would help researchers understand findings across different studies using these scales.
•To estimate the prevalence of SI and SP in patients with MDD and its associated factors.•Patients with MDD (and inpatients in particular) had a high prevalence of SI and SP.•Timeframe over which SI ...was assessed, source of patients, study design, and diagnostic criteria were significantly associated with the pooled prevalence of SI.
Suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide planning (SP) are associated with an increased risk of future suicide. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to estimate the prevalence of SI and SP in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and its associated factors.
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science from their commencement date until 7 October 2020. Original studies containing data on the prevalence of SI and SP in individuals with MDD were analyzed.
Forty-six articles covering 53,598 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of SI was 37.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 32.3–43.4%) and the pooled prevalence of SP was 15.1% (95% CI: 8.0-–26.8%). Subgroup analyses revealed that the timeframe over which SI was assessed, source of patients, study design, and diagnostic criteria were significantly associated with the pooled prevalence of SI. Meta-regression analyses revealed that the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score and percentage of male participants were positively associated with the pooled prevalence of SI. Study quality and mean age were negatively associated with the pooled prevalence of SI. In contrast, survey year and study quality were negatively associated with pooled prevalence of SP
SI and SP were self-reported and subject to recall bias and impression management.
SI and SP are common in patients with MDD, especially among inpatients. Preventive measures and treatments focusing on factors associated with SI and SP may reduce the risk of suicide in patients with MDD.
Capacitated single allocation hub-and-spoke networks can be abstracted as a mixed integer linear programming model equation with three variables. Introducing an improved ant colony algorithm, which ...has six local search operators. Meanwhile, introducing the "Solution Pair" concept to decompose and optimize the composition of the problem, the problem can become more specific and effectively meet the premise and advantages of using ant colony algorithm. Finally, the location simulation experiment is made according to Australia Post data to demonstrate this algorithm has good efficiency and stability for solving this problem.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the preclinical and transitional stage between healthy ageing and dementia that may be a potential 'target' for interventions designed to delay progression to ...dementia. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed the prevalence of MCI worldwide in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older.
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and PsycINFO database searches were conducted from their respective inception dates to 1 September 2021. Data on the overall prevalence of MCI were synthesised using random effects models.
A total of 66 articles covering 242,804 participants fulfilled study criteria for inclusion. The overall prevalence of MCI was 15.56% (95%CI: 13.24-18.03%). Prevalence rates of amnestic MCI and non-amnestic MCI were 10.03% (95%CI: 7.98-12.27%) and 8.72% (95%CI: 6.78-10.89%), respectively. The prevalence of MCI increased with age and decreased with education level. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that region of study site and male gender proportion per sample were significant correlates of MCI prevalence.
The global prevalence of MCI among community dwellers is over 15% and is affected by age, gender, education level and region of study sites. Assessment and interventions targeting MCI within at-risk population subgroups should be considered toward the prevention of dementia.
•The prevalence of prenatal depression in fathers was 9.76% in the whole trimester, with 13.59% in the first, 11.31% in the second and 10.12% in the third trimester.•The prevalence of postpartum ...depression was 8.75% within a whole year, 8.98% within one-month, 7.82% between one- and three-months, 9.23% between three-months and six-months and 8.40% between six-months to twelve-months after childbirth.•Regular screening and effective interventions should be urgently implemented for this population.
Increasing attention has been paid to maternal prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms (depression thereafter), but little is known about the prevalence of paternal prenatal and postpartum depression. To fill this gap, the current study meta-analyzed the worldwide prevalence of prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers.
Studies that reported paternal depression occurring between the first trimester and the first postpartum year were identified by searching both international (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and EMBASE) and Chinese (WanFang and CNKI) databases between their inception date and July 1, 2018. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals.
Forty-seven studies with 20,728 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of prenatal depression in fathers was 9.76% in all three trimesters, 13.59% in the first, 11.31% in the second and 10.12% in the third trimester. The prevalence of postpartum depression was 8.75% within a whole year, 8.98% within one-month, 7.82% between one- and three months, 9.23% between three months and six months and 8.40% between six months to twelve months after child-birth. The prevalence of paternal postpartum depression was moderated by year of publication, study area, age of fathers of ≥18 years, quality assessment score and mean age (all P<0.05).
This meta-analysis found that the prevalence of prenatal and postpartum depression in fathers was relatively common. Regular screening, effective prevention and appropriate treatment need to be implemented in this population.
To examine sex differences in the cognitive trajectories of a nationally representative sample of older people living in China and to explore potential determinants of these trajectories.
The study ...included 2230 women and 2171 men who were cognitively healthy and aged over 60 at the first observation from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey based on the 2008-2018 cohort. Cognitive function was measured using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify potential heterogeneity of longitudinal changes over the 10 years in each gender. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between baseline characteristics (age, education, fertility history, sleep length, physical activity, and health status and behaviors) and trajectory classes.
Three trajectories (labeled stable, slow decline, and rapid decline) were identified according to the changes in MMSE scores for both women and men. For the women, both the slow and rapid decline groups accounted for a larger proportion (14.7% and 11.0%, respectively) than the male decline groups (8.1% and 6.6%, respectively), and the women had a lower baseline MMSE score with a faster decline. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, older age, less education, older age at first birth, poorer functional abilities, hearing impairment, and lower baseline MMSE scores were significantly associated with cognitive decline in both the female and male groups compared to the stable group. For the women, sleeping over 9 h was also associated with a rapid cognitive decline trajectory, while current exercise and being overweight/obese were protective factors against cognitive decline.
The women had an overall more serious cognitive decline than men. The potential determinants of cognitive decline identified in this study could be considered for developing specific intervention strategies aimed at promoting a healthy brain and preventing cognitive decline in different sexes, especially in low-income and developing countries.
Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment are common psychiatric conditions and often co-occur in older adults. Network analysis has been widely used in exploring the inter-connections between ...psychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore the network model of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance, and their association with quality of life in people aged 65 years or above based on the 2017–2018 wave of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).
Global cognitive performance, depressive symptoms, and global quality of life (QoL) were measured using the validated Chinese version of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms were identified via strength and bridge strength, respectively. The flow network was used to identify symptoms directly related to QoL. Network stability was examined using the case dropping bootstrap method.
A total of 9023 participants were included in the network analysis. CESD3 “Feeling blue/depressed”, CESD4 “Everything was an effort”, and At_C “Attention and Calculation” were the central (influential) symptoms that had the highest strength value. Three bridge symptoms (i.e., Nam “Naming”, CESD2 “Difficulty with concentrating”, and Lan “Language”) were also identified. CESD10 “Sleep disturbances” had the strongest direct connection to QoL.
This exploratory study highlights the inter-relationships between cognitive performance and depressive symptoms in older adults in the general population. Interventions targeting bridge symptoms have the potential to alleviate depressive and cognitive symptoms in this population. Furthermore, improving sleep quality in older adults may reduce the negative impact of depression and cognition decline on QoL.
•The inter-relationship between depression and cognition was explored in Chinese older adults.•Bridge symptoms (i.e., “Naming”, “Difficulty with concentrating”, and “Language”) were identified.•Improving sleep quality may help improve quality of life in older adults.
This randomized, parallel-group, open study investigated the efficacy and safety of risperidone oral solution (RIS-OS) in combination with clonazepam and intramuscular haloperidol for the treatment ...of acute agitation in patients with schizophrenia, and the study explored the possibility of decreasing the efficacy of an acute 6-week treatment by switching intramuscular haloperidol injection to RIS-OS. Two hundred and five agitation-exhibiting schizophrenic inpatients at six hospitals were originally included in the study. The 47-day trial consisted of 5 days (session I) of receiving either oral treatment (RIS-OS plus clonazepam) or intramuscular treatment (intramuscular haloperidol) and a 42-day (session II) period of either withdrawing from clonazepam or shifting from intramuscular haloperidol to a RIS-OS period. The primary efficacy outcome was measured as the change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component (PANSS-EC) in session I and the change in the PANSS in session II. Safety was assessed by the frequency of the adverse events. Mean PANSS-EC improvement was significant after 5 days of treatment in both groups (P>0.05) and was similar between the two treatment groups (P<0.01). Most patients’ PANSS-EC scores improved or remained stable during the drawback/shift treatment period. Efficacy was not significantly different between the two treatment groups after the 6-week treatment (P>0.05). However, combination treatment exhibited greater efficacy, and adverse events, especially extrapyramidal symptoms, were lower with the oral treatment than with the intramuscular treatment in session I. These results show that RIS-OS in combination with clonazepam is an effective treatment, comparable with intramuscular haloperidol, and is well-tolerated for acute agitation in patients with schizophrenia.
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