Targeted therapy is the key for improving overall survival while decreasing the undesirable adverse effects of cancer treatment. Patients who received matched targeted therapies showed dramatically ...improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to those without matched therapies. However, each patient responds to targeted therapy differently due to their unique genomic profile. The discrepancy of treatment response between clinical trials and real-world clinical practice highlights an unmet need to develop tailored therapies for individual patients. The development of cutting-edge technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, has enabled us to identify more actionable targets. In this special issue of BMC Medicine, a collection of highly translational and clinical oncology papers presented a series of studies on targeted therapies for a variety of cancer types, aiming to bridge the gap between genomic testing and precision medicine and spark innovations on improving the efficacy of targeted therapies.
Catalytic alkene difunctionalization is a powerful strategy for the rapid assembly of complex molecules and has wide range of applications in synthetic chemistry. Despite significant progress, a ...compelling challenge that still needs to be solved is the installation of highly functionalized C(sp3)‐hybridized centers without requiring pre‐activated substrates. We herein report that inexpensive and easy‐to‐synthesize decatungstate photo‐HAT, in combination with nickel catalysis, provides a versatile platform for three‐component alkene difunctionalization through direct and selective activation of aliphatic C−H bonds. Compared with previous studies, the significant advantages of this strategy are that the most abundant hydrocarbons are used as feedstocks, and various highly functionalized tertiary, secondary, and primary C(sp3)‐hybrid centers can be easily installed. The practicability of this strategy is demonstrated in the selective late‐stage functionalization of natural products and the concise synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant molecules including Piragliatin.
A photocatalytic three‐component alkene difunctionalization method for the direct and selective activation of aliphatic C−H bonds is developed. The significant advantages of this strategy are that the most abundant hydrocarbons are used as feedstocks, and various highly functionalized tertiary, secondary and primary C(sp3)‐hybrid centers can be easily installed. The practicability of this strategy is demonstrated in the selective late‐stage functionalization of natural products and the concise synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant molecules including Piragliatin.
In integrated circuit form, the front-end amplifier (FEA) determines the fidelity of the biosignal detection, signal-to-noise ratio, power consumption and detector size for the future multi-channel ...neural signal recording systems and applications. Especially for the high-density implantable applications, a higher input impedance reduces the signal attenuation (with respect to the high-impedance miniature electrodes), and lowers the current into the tissue (to avoid the overheating damage). In this paper, an input impedance booster with current compensation feedback technique is proposed, it neutralizes any currents generated at input of FEA without affecting the gain. It substantially yields a high input impedance across process and device mismatches. The proposed front-end circuit is implemented on a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.18\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process, it achieves an input impedance of approximately 60 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{G}\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula>, and CMRR of 61 dB with 57 dB PSRR. The input-referred noise is approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">5.6~\mu \text{v}/\surd </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz while consuming <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">7.6~\mu \text{W} </tex-math></inline-formula> in 0. 025mm 2 chip area.
Abstract : With the immense economic growth and social development, China has gained worldwide attention. With the quick growth of industrialization, several international professionals are gaining ...interest in occupational management system and in the role of the Chinese Government in protecting the worker's health. The Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and the Work Safety Law are the two most important laws in China, which highlight the responsibilities of the employer, employee, governmental agencies, authorized occupational health service agency, and other stakeholders. The State Council comprises two departments, namely, the State Administration on Work Safety (SAWS) and the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), which are responsible for governing the occupational health work. A series of regulations and standards have been promulgated by the Chinese Government to encourage or instruct the employers to fulfill their responsibility ; however, several issues persist related to occupational health work, including administrative, technological, and sociocultural aspects. At present, the Chinese Government wants to enhance the reform in both economic and administrative structures, and the adjustments for modifying and/or improving the occupational health regulatory system are expected. Notably, the occupational health work in China must be altered for better.
Currently, there are no approved specific antiviral agents for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, 10 severe patients confirmed by real-time viral RNA test were enrolled ...prospectively. One dose of 200 mL of convalescent plasma (CP) derived from recently recovered donors with the neutralizing antibody titers above 1:640 was transfused to the patients as an addition to maximal supportive care and antiviral agents. The primary endpoint was the safety of CP transfusion. The second endpoints were the improvement of clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters within 3 d after CP transfusion. The median time from onset of illness to CP transfusion was 16.5 d. After CP transfusion, the level of neutralizing antibody increased rapidly up to 1:640 in five cases, while that of the other four cases maintained at a high level (1:640). The clinical symptoms were significantly improved along with increase of oxyhemoglobin saturation within 3 d. Several parameters tended to improve as compared to pretransfusion, including increased lymphocyte counts (0.65 × 109/L vs. 0.76 × 109/L) and decreased C-reactive protein (55.98 mg/L vs. 18.13 mg/L). Radiological examinations showed varying degrees of absorption of lung lesions within 7 d. The viral load was undetectable after transfusion in seven patients who had previous viremia. No severe adverse effects were observed. This study showed CP therapy was well tolerated and could potentially improve the clinical outcomes through neutralizing viremia in severe COVID-19 cases. The optimal dose and time point, as well as the clinical benefit of CP therapy, needs further investigation in larger well-controlled trials.
In this paper, isocyanate-treated graphene oxide (iGO), which can be well dispersed in organic solvent, was prepared in a simple manner and showed excellent compatibility with polysulfone (PSF). ...iGO-PSF ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by the classical phase inversion method. The separation performance and the antifouling property of the prepared membranes were investigated in detail. The antifouling property of the prepared membranes was found to be greatly enhanced by the addition of iGO, and we attributed the enhanced antifouling property to the improved hydrophilicity, the more negative zeta potential and the improved smoothness of the membrane surface.
Based on cascade utilization of full-spectrum solar energy, a novel solar concentrating photovoltaic and near-field thermophotovoltaic hybrid system (CPV-NFTPVS) is proposed to achieve efficient ...solar power generation. The full-spectrum solar energy is split into two parts by spectrum splitter: The high-frequency part is provided to concentrating photovoltaic module while the rest to near-field thermophotovoltaic module. The effect of operating parameters such as concentration ratio, split wavelength, applied voltage, and vacuum gap on the energy conversion performance of the hybrid system is investigated. Starting with a concentration ratio of only 210, the efficiency of the hybrid system exceeds the maximum efficiency of near-field solar thermophotovoltaic system (NF-STPVS) with a concentration ratio of 2000. Considering the technical difficulties of the ultrahigh concentration ratio and ultrahigh cooling rate, a concentration ratio of 1000 is a practical choice for the hybrid system and its efficiency reaches 56.20%, which is about 1.12 times higher than the maximum efficiency of NF-STPVS. The law of the optimal value of the operating parameters is further explored and it's found that the optimal gap distance is always 10 nm and the optimal split wavelength needs to be adjusted according to the concentration ratio. The significant value of CPV-NFTPVS based on cascade utilization in solar power generation is indicated and practical application of the near-field thermophotovoltaic is guided.
•A concentrating photovoltaic-near field thermophotovoltaic system is proposed.•The novel hybrid system achieves solar energy cascade conversion efficiently.•Performance of hybrid system is optimized based on different parameters.•Efficiency of hybrid system is up to 1.12 times higher than that of single system.•Reference is provided for the design and application of the hybrid system.
Frequent landslides have generated huge security threats and economic losses all over the world. As an important anti-slip retaining structure, anti-slide piles can maintain the slope stability. The ...distribution of soil resistance acting on piles is the critical factor influencing the design of anti-slide piles, and the method of calculating the internal force is directly related to the landslide treatment and construction cost. However, limitations in the method of calculating the internal force of anti-slide piles still exist. In this paper, the influence of the internal force of anti-slide piles both considering and ignoring the soil resistance acting on the piles was verified using ABAQUS software, revealing that the soil resistance indeed had a significant effect on the anti-slide piles, especially when the gradient of the soil before piles was less than 40°. Therefore, the formula for calculating the internal force of anti-slide piles was proposed considering the soil resistance. Based on this formula, the optimum quantity of steel reinforcement and the safety factor were compared in practical slope engineering. This proposed formula considering actual distribution of soil resistance can be used for approximate calculation for anti-slide piles, which can reduce the construction cost, especially in large and neutral landslide engineering.
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