Setting The organised, population-based breast cancer screening programme in Slovenia began providing biennial mammography screening for women aged 50-69 in 2008. The programme has taken a ...comprehensive approach to quality assurance as recommended by the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis (4th edition), including centralized assessment, training and supervision, and proactive monitoring of performance indicators. This report describes the progress of implementation and rollout from 2003 through 2019. Methods The screening protocol and key quality assurance procedures initiated during the planning from 2003 and rollout from 2008 of the screening programme, including training of the professional staff, are described. The organisational structure, gradual geographical rollout, and coverage by invitation and examination are presented. Results The nationwide programme was up and running in all screening regions by the end of 2017, at which time the nationwide coverage by invitation and examination had reached 70% and 50%, respectively. Nationwide rollout of the population-based programme was complete by the end of 2019. By this time, coverage by invitation and examination had reached 98% and 76%, respectively. The participation rates consistently exceeded 70% from 2014 to 2019. Conclusions The successful implementation of the screening programme can be attributed to an independent central management, external guidance, and strict adherence to quality assurance procedures, all of which contributed to increasing governmental and popular support. The benefits of quality assurance have influenced all aspects of breast care and have provided a successful model for multidisciplinary management of other diseases.
Introduction Incorrect tongue posture on the mouth floor is considered an important factor in the etiology of unilateral posterior crossbite. The aim of this study was to objectively assess tongue ...posture in children with unilateral posterior crossbite and those with normal deciduous dentition by using 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography. Methods First, referential 3D ultrasound images for differently postured tongues were acquired and reconstructed in 10 adults. Second, 27 children with unilateral posterior crossbite (mean age, 5.4 ± 1 years) and 23 children with normal deciduous dentition (mean age, 6.2 ± 0.4 years) were examined by using the 3D ultrasound technique. The referential 3D ultrasound reconstructions were used for the assessment of tongue posture in each child. Results The characteristic 3D reconstruction of the tongue postured on the palate displays distinctive convexity of the tongue dorsum, whereas, in the 3D reconstruction with the tongue postured on the mouth floor, the dorsum is characterized by a central groove and expressed concavity. Posture on the mouth floor was demonstrated by 81.5% of the children with unilateral posterior crossbite and by only 34.8% of those with normal deciduous dentition. The difference was statistically significant (Fisher exact test: P = 0.0012). Conclusions Three-dimensional ultrasonography enables objective assessment of tongue posture and could become in the future an important part of functional diagnostics before, during, and after orthodontic treatment.
Priporočila za vzpostavitev presejalnih programov za raka dojk je leta 2003 izdala Evropska komisija in države članice Evropske zveze pozvala, da jih organizirajo do leta 2008. V Sloveniji od leta ...2008 deluje Državni program za raka dojk DORA, ki je konec leta 2017 vključeval vse slovenske ženske z ciljne skupine. Ženske v starosti 50–69 let so vsaki dve leti pisno povabljene na presejalni pregled z mamografijo, ki omogoča odkritje še netipnih sprememb v dojki. V primeru sumljivih sprememb na mamografiji so ženske povabljene na nadaljnjo obravnavo, če je odkrit rak dojke, pa tudi na zdravljenje. Od 2018 v okviru programa deluje 21 mamografov v 16 stacionarnih in 3 mobilnih presejalnih enotah, kjer se opravljajo presejalne mamografije, in 2 presejalno-diagnostična centra za nadaljnjo obravnavo žensk in zdravljenje v presejanju odkritih rakov. Program DORA deluje v skladu z visokimi standardi Evropskih smernic za zagotavljanje kakovosti presejanja za raka dojk in zagotavlja enako obravnavo za vse udeleženke v katerikoli presejalni enoti v Sloveniji. Cilj presejalnega programa je ob vsaj 70-odstotni udeležbi žensk doseči znižanje umrljivosti za rakom dojk v ciljni populaciji za 25–30 %. Letno merjeni kazalniki kakovosti programa kažejo, da je program učinkovit in vodi k omenjenemu cilju. Posebnosti slovenskega organiziranega programa so: centraliziran populacijski program, vabljenje žensk z vnaprej določenim terminom slikanja, dvojno odčitavanje, konsenz konferenca, nadaljnja obravnava je del presejalnega postopka, multidisciplinarni sestanki, presejalni register z enotno aplikacijo za vnašanje vseh presejalnih korakov – od vabila do mamografij in nadaljnje obravnave, nadzor kakovosti dela radioloških inženirjev in radiologov, stalen strokovni nadzor nad izvajalci programa in letno merjenje kazalnikov kakovosti programa.
Background: Good and modern radiology equipment is needed for successful treatment of the oncologic patients. New Department of Radiology of the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana is entirely digital ...and can compete with the similar radiologic departments all over the world. It si possible to perform all the new modern procedures that the oncologic patients need. Important diagnostic modality is PET CT that fulfill the selection of the diagnostic procedures for cancer patients. The problem of Slovenian radiology is lack of the radiologists. This problem could be solved with telemedicine and properly awarded work that was performed. Waiting lists for procedures like CT, MR, US are short for oncologic patients in comparison with the other radiologic units in Slovenia.Conclusions: At the beginning of the year 2008 we will start the Breast Cancer Screening Program in Slovenia. It is organized by Institute of Oncology Ljubljana (DORA program). Breast cancer screening program will be centralized, in accordance with of the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis 2006 (fourth edition) and supervision of reference breast screening center. The main goal of the breast cancer screening program in Slovenia is reduction of the breast cancer death for 25 % or more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of axillary ultrasound (US) and US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to detect axillary LN metastases. Between January 2001 and September ...2003, axillary US was performed in 165 patients with cytologically or histologically proven breast cancer and clinically non-palpable axillary LNs. In patients with US suspicious LNs, US-guided FNAB was performed and patients with cytologically proven malignant LNs proceeded directly to the ALND. In 49/90 patients with US suspicious LNs, US-guided FNAB was performed. It was positive in 33/49 patients. Definitive histology report revealed LN metastases in 65/165 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the US-FNAB, were 84, 91, 97 and 62%. Axillary US in a combination with US-FNAB is a valuable method in preoperative staging of patients with breast cancer. Almost 50% of patients with LN metastases can be spared the second operation. However, it is very much operator-dependent and equipment-dependent.
Like all breast imaging modalities MRI has limited specificity and the positive predictive value for lesions detected by MRI alone ranges between 15 and 50%. MRI guided procedures (needle biopsy, ...presurgical localisation) are mandatory for suspicious findings visible only at MRI, with potential influence on therapeutic decision. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate our initial clinical experience with MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy as an alternative to surgical excision and to investigate the outcome of MRI-guided breast biopsy as a function of the MRI features of the lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS.: In 14 women (median age 51 years) with 14 MRI-detected lesions, MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy was performed. We evaluated the MRI findings that led to biopsy and we investigated the core and postoperative histology results and follow-up data.
The biopsy was technically successful in 14 (93%) of 15 women. Of 14 biopsies in 14 women, core histology revealed 6 malignant (6/14, 43%), 6 benign (6/14, 43%) and 2 high-risk (2/14, 14%) lesions. Among the 6 cancer 3 were invasive and 3 were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The probability of malignancy in our experience was higher for non-mass lesion type and for washout and plateau kinetics.
Our initial experience confirms that MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy is fast, safe and accurate alternative to surgical biopsy for breast lesions detected at MRI only.
Contralateral breast cancer (CLB) is the most common second primary breast cancer in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The majority of patients harbouring CLB tumours develop the invasive ...disease. Almost all invasive carcinomas are believed to begin as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions. The sensitivity of MRI for DCIS is much higher than that of mammography.
We report the case of a woman who was treated with breast conserving therapy 10 years ago. At that time the invasive medullary carcinoma was diagnosed in the left breast. Ten years later mammographically occult DCIS was diagnosed with MRI-guided core biopsy in contralateral breast.
There might be a potential role of MRI screening as part of an annual follow-up for patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
Konec marca 2008 so v okviru državnega presejalnega programa za raka dojk Dora prve ženske iz Mestne občine Ljubljana prejele vabilo na presejalno mamografijo v presejalni center na Onkološkem ...inštitutu Ljubljana (OI). Spomladi 2010 sta poleg presejalne enote na OI postopoma začeli delovati še dve mobilni presejalni enoti. Ob vzpostavljanju novih presejalnih enot bomo v okviru centraliziranega državnega programa vabljenje razširili na širše območje Slovenije. Kakovostno organiziran program presejanja je bistven za zgodnje odkrivanje raka dojk in zmanjšanje umrljivosti. Ključni elementi takega programa so ustrezna izobraženost in strokovna usposobljenost kadra (predvsem radiologov in radioloških inženirjev, pa tudi ostalega kadra, vključenega v nadaljnjo diagnostiko in zdravljenje), zagotavljanje dvojnega odčitavanja mamografskih slik, interdisciplinarno sodelovanje, ustrezna tehnična kakovost mamografskih naprav, vzpostavitev ustreznega informacijskega sistema ter določitev, spremljanje in preverjanje kazalcev kakovosti programa. Poleg vsega omenjenega pa je treba določiti ciljno populacijo žensk, ki bodo organizirano in sistematično vabljene na presejalno mamografijo, ter med njimi s kompleksnimi metodami doseči ustrezno odzivnost. Od 2008 do konca julija 2010 smo na presejalno mamografijo povabili 11.503 žensk. Vabilu se je odzvalo 9686 žensk, kar predstavlja 84,2-odstotno udeležbo. V tem času smo med slikanimi odkrili 86 rakov dojk. Program Dora izpolnjuje vsa merila Evropskih smernic za zagotavljanje kakovosti presejanja za raka dojk in zdravljenja in že daje prve rezultate.
DORA Mateja Krajc; Maja Primic-Žakelj; Kristijana Hertl ...
Onkologija,
06/2008, Volume:
12, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Konec marca 2008 so v okviru državnega presejalnega programa za raka dojk Dora prve ženske iz Mestne občine Ljubljana dobile vabilo na presejalno mamografijo v presejalni center na Onkološkem ...inštitutu Ljubljana. Ob vzpostavljanju novih presejalnih enot bomo v okviru centraliziranega državnega programa vabljenje razširili na celotno Slovenijo. Kakovostno organiziran program presejanja je bistven za zgodnje odkrivanje raka dojk in zmanjšanje umrljivosti. Ključni elementi takega programa so ustrezna izobraženost in strokovna usposobljenost kadra (predvsem radiologov in radioloških inženirjev, pa tudi ostalega kadra, vključenega v nadaljnjo diagnostiko in zdravljenje), zagotavljanje dvojnega odčitavanja mamografskih slik, interdisciplinarno sodelovanje, ustrezna tehnična kakovost mamografskih naprav, vzpostavitev ustreznega informacijskega sistema ter določitev, spremljanje in preverjanje kazalcev kakovosti programa. Poleg vsega omenjenega pa je treba določiti ciljno populacijo žensk, ki bodo organizirano in sistematično vabljene na presejalno mamografijo, ter med njimi s kompleksnimi metodami doseči ustrezno odzivnost. Program Dora bo izpolnjeval vsa merila Evropskih smernic za zagotavljanje kakovosti presejanja za raka dojk in zdravljenja.
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