The article proposes to see Confucian role ethics as a philosophical project that puts forward metaethical and metaphilosophical arguments regarding the nature of ethics and the concept of human ...beings, instead of concentrating on its interpretational work in explicating the nature of early Confucian ethics. Thus, a more fitting context for evaluating the core claims of role ethics is suggested, one that is comprised of different positions, coming from a wide range of philosophical and cultural backgrounds, as well as different disciplines, all of which criticize individualism or formulate a non-individualistic concept of person. Role ethics concept of person, as a totality of one’s lived roles and relations, is discussed by concentrating on the specificity of two key notions in this position, that is, “relation” and “role”. The article ends with a suggestion that the deeper and fuller investigation and exposition of normativity, as stemming from the specific and concrete role-relationships, is the most needed and promising direction of further development of role ethics.
The essence of wabi-sabi that emerged under the Chan Buddhism tradition stemming from China has influenced the concept of aesthetics, which is an everyday feature of life in Japan. The purpose of ...this article is to distinguish the most characteristic features of this aesthetic form. It focuses on the main aspects of wabi-sabi in both everyday life and various fields of artistic expression in Japan. By analyzing fundamental texts of Zen it seeks to uncover possibilities for this aesthetic tradition to solve problems of the relationship between a person and reality in the global world that is taking place today.
The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the doctrine of Confucianism. The author outlines the figure of Confucius, analyzes the historical background of the initial stage of the ...formation of Confucianism and the place of this period in the history of China, the main components of the Confucian Canon, principles and categories, the internal logic of the doctrine, the significance of the doctrine for the formation of an integral system of Chinese worldview, moral, ethical and political judgments, attitudes and norms. Against the background of the study of a significant monographic literature, conclusions are drawn about the nature and features of the value core, the principles of China’s national identity. China is a country with an ancient almost continuous history. Throughout the historical period of its existence, it has exerted a huge influence not only on neighboring countries, but also on the world as a whole. Almost by the end of the XVIII century. China had the largest GDP and was one of the leading cultural centers. At the present stage, China has a significant economic, political and cultural impact even on fairly remote regions. Today, there is a great return of this
country-civilization, on the one hand claiming world leadership in the XXI century, and on the other, it stands for a multipolar world. According to economic indicators, China is one of the three leading countries in the world and offers the world its model of globalization through the so-called "One belt one road" project. Confucius is a representative of the traditional Chinese ethical and legal paradigm, a brand that China offers to the world as part of its own globalization strategy, which provides for the creation of institutions that bear the name of this "first sage of the middle Kingdom" .
The purpose of the article is to prove that Huxley's appeal to the philosophical and religious ideas of the East made it possible to create an ideal society, culture, and perfect personality in the ...philosophical novel “Island”; to consider examples from the life experience of the artist, which testify to his deep penetration into the culture of the East; to find out how the experience is reflected in the works of the writer, in particular in the philosophical novel “Island”. Methodology. The methods of comparative and hermeneutic analysis and systematization of scientific works on cultural studies, philosophy, psychology and literary criticism, the method of biography and psychoanalysis, as well as N. Khamitov's metaanthropological approach were used, that allowed to consider the works devoted to A.Huxley correctly and deliberately and qualify his work “Island” as a philosophical novel. Scientific results. For the first time, it is stated that it was A. Huxley's appeal to the culture, philosophical and religious ideas of the East that made it possible to create an ideal society, culture, and perfect personality in the philosophical novel “Island”; examples of writer’s deep penetration into the culture of the East from his life experience are considered; a number of philosophical and artistic works, which reflect the mentioned experience of A. Huxley are identified. With the help of metaanthropological methodology, it was possible to find out the creative development of A. Huxley from personal to philosophical world outlook, which led the author to new opportunities in literary work and in understanding the essence of culture. Conclusion. In the novel “Island”, A. Huxley created a model of an ideal society built on the principles of Zen Buddhism - one of the cultures of the philosophical and religious heritage of the East. By going not only beyond the ordinary but also beyond the personal world outlook, the author has artistically demonstrated the ability of the personality to perceive the world around them at a higher level and create talented examples of philosophical prose. The formation of the artist's philosophical world outlook determined his deep penetration into the East culture, contributed to the appearance of philosophical essays, non-fiction and fiction works, the main of which is the philosophical novel “Island”.
In Eastern philosophy, the ego is understood as a false identity and as a “knot” in the flow of existence, being the major obstacle for the liberation from the cyclical suffering of the world. In ...fact, the ego is a subjective way of interacting with the surrounding universe, being the cause of the microcosmic chaos. The ego implies a manifestation of multiplicity understood as separation (on the one hand: I-you, I-others; on the other hand: a certain self in contradiction with another self). Moreover, the contradictions and the suffering are rooted in the tendency to view the individual existence as being separate from the universal existence. In some traditional Persian poems, we are dealing with an association of one’s ego with an inner monster. Understood as a distorted image of a certain reality, the inner monster appears as a misshapen representation of the true self. In this article, I will limit myself to the analysis of the previous issue in the verses of the poets Jalāl adDīn Muhammad Rūmī and Mahmūd Shabestarī.
In this article, the authors analysed the history of the origin and formation of Marxism in China. An analysis of the main provisions of the philosophical and socio-political foundations of research ...is proposed. The authors conducted a study of the development process and the main contradictions in the formation of Chineseized Marxism and also tracked the impact it can have on the humanitarian development of modern Ukrainian society. For more detailed coverage of the formation of Chineseized Marxism, the authors conducted a historiographical study of current sources, as well as analysed the literature of the Soviet period, in which the primary attention was paid to the study of the figure of Mao Zedong as the «theoretician of the national revival of China» and the founder of Chineseized Marxism. The main narratives of Soviet studies regarding the «philosophical ideas of Mao Zedong», the «concept of movement and development», the «great leap» and the «cultural revolution» are analysed. In the course of the research, it was established that the vast majority of works of the Soviet period were aimed at criticizing Maoism for anti-communism and nationalism. It was also proved that «Chineseized Marxism» during the entire historical period of its formation did not have much in common with Marxist theory, but was based on the ideas of Marxism-Leninism, Western philosophy, using the teachings of traditional Chinese philosophy as a basis.
The theory of Emotion Coaching was put forward by Feng Menglong in Late-Ming Dynasty. Since Mid-Ming, the cognition of Ch’ing (emotion) has gone through three phases: rediscovery, development, and ...explanation on the level of the mind. Deeply influenced by Yangming, the theory of Emotion Coaching focuses neither on Ch’ing (emotion) nor on Li (justice) but the balance of the two. That “Ch’ing (emotion) is the basis of Li (justice) and Li (justice) is the criterion of Ch’ing (emotion)” is taken as the tenet of the theory, which means that Ch’ing (emotion) gives rise to moral behaviour and Li (justice) is the standard. The book The History of Ch’ing（《情史》) fully reflects the theory. Separating emotion and desire, Li (justice) is different from Li (rite). The former is based on human nature. Justice and destiny are the two important principles, rather than the political purposes which infuse the latter.
The early modern history of the Joseon dynasty (1392–1910) in East Asia is often depicted as an era of political conflict between the king, the Hun’gu faction, and the Sarim faction. The four major ...Sahwa (literati purges) reflect its seriousness through which Neo-Confucian scholars were sacrificed by the punishments of execution, exile, or dismissal. The Kimyo Sahwa was the most notorious incident for the Chinese ideology of the Sarim political party. What, then, happened in 1519? What kind of social transformation occurred in relation to the Sungkyunkwan scholars (the national university of the era)? Why did the public office of Daoist Sogyŏksŏ become one of the most controversial issues at the Joseon court? How was the royal shrine of Samch’ŏngjŏn criticised by the leaders of the Sarim faction? This paper explores the politico-religious landscape of early modern Korea through the key features of Jungjong coup (Royal Coup of 1506), Jo Gwangjo (1482–1520) and ‘the Literati Purge of 1519’, and argues the critical insight that the Daoist rituals and sacred sites (altars for the sky, stars, and gods) were traditionally maintained in the Pŏpcho philosophy of the royal sovereignty even if the culture of Jongmyo (ancestral altars) and Sajik (altars of soil and grain) were legally implemented at the beginning of the Confucian Joseon.
Among the Tangut Buddhist texts discovered from Khara-Khoto, there emerges a text entitled Gu tśja ɣiej tsji̱r tśhji kjịj, which means ‘Analysis of the Essence of Madhyamaka.’ Intriguingly, a ...Tibetan treatise composed by Rgya dmar ba Byang chub grags (fl. 12th century) bears the same title. A comparison between the texts in both languages shows that about 50% of their contents are the same. Although the Tangut text cannot be regarded as a translation of the Tibetan text we see today, the complex relationship between both texts and the history of the transmission of the Tibetan treatise is worth investigating.
Editorial Introduction David G. Hebert
Nordic Journal of Comparative and International Education,
05/2021, Volume:
5, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The articles in this special issue on “New Perspectives on Asian Educational Philosophies” offer a comparative perspective to explain the educational philosophies of notable Asian thinkers who tend ...to be little recognized in Europe. Arguments associated with decolonization offer one timely rationale for our work, but our purpose with this special issue is not so much about convincing readers that change is necessary, but rather to offer specific resources for diversification of higher education curricula. We assume that as years pass, educators will increasingly seek to know more about educational thought from across the world.
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