The recent upsurge in electric vehicle (EV) adoption has led to greener mobility but has also broadened the attack surface due to the increased interconnection between the entities like EV, EV ...charger, grid etc. We show in this paper that among these entities, the EV charger provides a possible attack surface through the available communication network. Adversaries at a minimum can disrupt the vehicular charging process known as denial of charging (DoC) attack. This attack is demonstrated on the real hardware setup of an EV charging, where we have considered the Bharat EV DC charging standard (BEVC-DC001) adopted by India which uses the controller area network (CAN) bus to communicate between EV charger and EV. The DoC attack can have significant consequences both on the electrical grid as well as individuals. The EV chargers (with connected EV) collectively serve as a large load demand, whose sudden inaccessibility would disrupt the supply–demand balance, triggering over frequency relays to either cause local or national blackout. Such a scenario is presented in this work on a microgrid (MG), in a real-time OPAL-RT environment. Not only can this attack lead to major transportation related problems but would also disrupt medical and emergency services.
To enhance the performance of power inspection robots in intricate nuclear power stations, it is necessary to improve their response speed and accuracy. This paper uses the manipulator of the power ...inspection robot as the primary research object, and unlike previous control algorithm research, which only remained in the software simulation stage, we constructed a set of physical verification platforms based on CAN communication and physically verified the robotic arm’s control algorithm. First, the forward motion model is established based on the geometric structure of the manipulator and D-H parameter method, and the kinematic equation of the manipulator is solved by combining geometric method and algebraic method. Secondly, in order to conduct comparison tests, we designed PID controllers and expert PID controllers by utilising the expertise of experts. The results show that compared with the traditional PID algorithm, the expert PID algorithm has a faster response speed in the control process of the manipulator. It converges quickly in 0.75 s and has a smaller overshoot, with a maximum of only 6.9%. This confirms the expert PID algorithm’s good control effect on the robotic arm, allowing the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to travel more accurately and swiftly along the trajectory of the target point.
Nowadays, many scientists and companies in the automotive sector in the world are undertaking many important studies on electric vehicle technologies. For the electric vehicle to function as desired, ...the subsystems of the vehicle must be monitored and the parameters related to the vehicle must be kept in the most efficient range. Efficient use of these systems in electric vehicle will increase the vehicle range, as well as ensure the long life of the components used in the vehicle subsystems. Today, problem areas such as calculating the range of electric vehicles and battery state of charge have not yet been sufficiently standardized. The aim of this study is to make a range estimation in electric vehicle with fuzzy logic classifier which has been successfully applied in various problem areas. The fuzzy logic classifier is designed for range estimation, which is one of the most important research areas of electric vehicles today. In the Mamdani type fuzzy logic approach, dynamic vehicle parameters are taken into consideration. The fuzzy logic classifier considers the battery parameters of the vehicle and the power consumed instantly. In the prediction system, the power spent on the vehicle and the battery charge status are selected as inputs. The developed system was evaluated with three different test scenarios on the same track. These tests were conducted with no load (driver only), half load (driver + one person) and fully load (driver + three persons). The fuzzy logic classifier system determines in real-time how far electric vehicle can travel.
Due to the growing global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a pressing demand for the development of charging infrastructure that offers enhanced performance while reducing the charging ...time of EVs. Combining innovative fast and smart charging technologies can result in cost-efficient charging solutions, optimized energy exploitation, and reduced charging time for EVs. This paper proposes a new design of a smart and fast charger for EV batteries. The charger is made of a PFC-based Vienna Rectifier (VR) and an isolated Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter. The proposed charger enables intelligent data flow between the battery and the charger thanks to the Controller Area Network (CAN) communication employed by the CHAdeMO charging protocol. To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed charger, the results of real-time simulations performed on RT-LAB platform, from OPAL-RT are presented and discussed.
Abstract
In recent years, due to the influence of policies such as environmental protection and reduction of harmful gas emissions, clean energy such as lithium batteries, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, ...and waste heat power generation technologies are being applied on ships. As the application level of new energy continues to expand, its safety issues have attracted more and more attention from society. The system collects the air pressure, temperature, humidity, flame heat radiation, and smoke information inside the ship’s power battery box, and uses the STM32 processor to determine whether the ship’s power battery has a fire hazard. This system can effectively avoid the thermal runaway of the power battery, detect the thermal runaway at an early stage and actively respond to reduce losses, and protect the life and property safety of passengers on board.
주행중인 차량내의 컴퓨터 시스템과 통신을 효과적으로 연계해서 언제, 어디서나 각종 데이터의 검색이나 수정 등이 가능하고, 제한적인 플랫폼에서 원활한 동작을 하기 위해 장비를 적절히 제어할 수 있도록 주행차량에 맞게 시스템이 구축되어야 한다. 또한 시스템 엔진 정보 추출을 위해 차량 CAN 통신을 이용하고, 이러한 정보 전송을 위해 ZigBee을 이용하여 ...데이터를 전송한다. 따라서 차량 CAN을 위해 차량에서 자체 제공되는 OBD-II 프로토콜을 사용하여 차량의 각종 센서 정보 및 O2 센서 값을 이용하여 차량 상태 정보와 배기 가스양을 구하고 ZigBee 메인 컨트롤 시스템에 전송한다.
본 연구는 저전력 차량용 임베디드 시스템으로 전력 사용량을 최대로 줄여서 배터리 부하의 데미지를 최대한으로 감소시키고, ZigBee 통신을 통한 차량의 내부 상태 모니터링을 할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하였다.
It is necessary to establish a system suitable for the driving vehicle so that it can effectively search for and modify various data anywhere and anytime by effectively linking communication with the computer system in the running vehicle and to control the equipment properly for smooth operation on a limited platform do. Also, vehicle CAN communication is used to extract system engine information, and data is transmitted using ZigBee for this information transmission. Therefore, OBD-II protocol, which is provided by the vehicle itself, is used for vehicle CAN to obtain vehicle status information and exhaust gas using various sensor information of the vehicle and O2 sensor value, and transmits it to the ZigBee main control system.
In this study, we implemented a system that can reduce the battery load damage to the maximum by reducing the power consumption to the maximum, and to monitor the internal state of the vehicle through ZigBee communication with the embedded system for low power vehicles.
Secure in-vehicle Systems using Authentication Yoshikawa, Masaya; Sugioka, Kyota; Nozaki, Yusuke ...
The International journal of networked and distributed computing (Online),
08/2015, Volume:
3, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Recently, driving support technologies have been practically used. However, a problem has been pointed out that when a vehicle is connected with an external network, the safety of the vehicle is ...threatened. Ensuring the security of in-vehicle systems becomes an important priority. The present study proposes a CAN communications method that uses a lightweight block cipher to realize secure in-vehicle systems. Experiments using both FPGA and a radio-controlled car verify the proposed method.
In order to reduce the cost of coach collision test in R & D process, coach collision test control system is designed by using automatic driving technology. The pseudo collision vehicles run along ...the longitudinal center line independently, till collide with fixed obstacles. In the coach, PID control theory is used to design and research the control on speed and turn, then install the controller and the corresponding sensors, which is in accordance with the requirements of impact test technology. The experiment results show that, maximum deviation of the test vehicle longitudinal center line coincidence degree is +125mm and-115mm respectively, the speed is still steady by driving straight to accelerate to the required speed of the collision, the design scheme is feasible.
This paper describes a prototype of modularized three-phase semiconductor transformer that was developed in the lab for feasibility study. The developed prototype is composed of three units of ...single-phase semiconductor transformer coupled in Y-connection. Each single-phase unit has multiple units of high-voltage high-frequency resonant AC-DC converter, a low-voltage hybrid-switching DC-DC converter, and a low-voltage hybrid-switching DC-AC inverter. Also, each single-phase unit has two digital signal processor (DSP) boards to control converter operation and to acquire monitoring data. The monitoring system was developed based on LabView by using controller area network (CAN) communication between the DSP board and the personal computer (PC). Through diverse experimental analyses it was verified that the prototype operates with proper performance under normal and sag conditions. The developed prototype confirms the possibility of fabricating a commercial high-voltage high-power semiconductor transformer by increasing the number of series-connected converter modules in high-voltage side and improving the system efficiency with a new switching device such as an SiC device.
The correlation between ambient temperature and equivalent real-world fuel economy (FE) for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) is the subject of an investigation seeking to inform economic, ...environmental, and policy assessments of these vehicles and technologies. This paper collected seven months of 1-Hz vehicle operating data from 119 Odyne medium-duty PHEV work trucks in commercial service across the United States. The data used for this paper were collected from the vehicle's controller area networks using mobile data collection and transmission devices. The raw data were aggregated into a central database for analysis. We present the methods of data processing, filtering, intermediate data manipulation, and analysis implemented using MATLAB, R, SQL, and Java-based Hadoop MapReduce. Regression analysis is used to calculate models describing the sensitivity of PHEV FE to ambient temperature, and the models are found to be similar to regressions for conventional vehicles (CVs) from other studies. This paper provides evidence that the sensitivity of medium-duty PHEV FE is similar to that of CVs. These results can provide guidance to researchers seeking to model real-world PHEV energy consumption.
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