This study about academic essay writing strategies was conducted in order to propose teachers' lesson guide based on the effective strategies that were ascertained after the investigation. The study ...used the descriptive-quantitative method of research. The University-approved questionnaire was used to identify the frequency of use of the strategies utilized in students' essay writing activities. There were 126 students and 20 English teachers in Cebu City, Philippines, used as the respondents of the study. It was discovered that the three academic essay writing strategies investigated in the study were always used in both argumentative and informative essay writing, as perceived by the respondents. The first two strategies, traffic light color coding, and planning using informal outline, were found to be very effective in both writing the argumentative and informative essays, while the third strategy, framed paragraph, was also effective to use in both writing the two types of essays. The strategies used, and the students' performance showed a significant relationship. The top barriers in teaching academic essay writing were as follows: teaching essay writing to second language learners, lack of time for explicit instruction, no strategies in place for the part of the students, lack of parental support, and lack of essay structures on the part of the teachers. It was concluded that there were various effective pedagogical strategies that teachers could utilize in teaching academic essay writing. Based on the findings, this study further presents its recommendations.
The lesson plan was a stage of instruction that regulates learning activities in the
classroom that can have a positive impact on students' abilities in certain subjects. The purpose of this study ...was to identify the need for lesson plans in essay writing courses through the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. The study used a qualitative approach through the descriptive method. Participants were students in the 3rd semester of 2020/2021 and lecturer. It was conducted in Arabic Language Education at the State University of Jakarta. Data is taken from the document, interview, and questionnaire. The data analysis process used data reduction, data display, and taking a conclusion. The results show that the lesson plans that have been made still have weaknesses and do not meet the Arabic language mastery standards from the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) standards. However, the results of the study have implications for the level of understanding of the lecturer related to the concept of a lesson plan that must be designed to suit the needs of students, the current situation, and also students' understanding of each mastery of the material being studied.
This study explores the intersection role of students' epistemic beliefs and gender in argumentative essay writing. In total, 148 undergraduate students from a Dutch university followed an ...argumentation module, filled out the epistemic beliefs survey, and wrote an argumentative essay. Results showed that students' beliefs about the Internet-specific justification of knowledge did not influence essay performance. On the other hand, beliefs about the nature of scientific knowledge influenced their argumentative essay writing. Overall, there were no gender differences in argumentative essay writing. However, female students outperformed male students in taking a position on the topic. The interaction effects of beliefs about the Internet-specific justification of knowledge and gender in argumentation performance were neutral. There was, however, an intersection effect of students' epistemic beliefs about the nature of scientific knowledge and their gender in argumentation performance. We discuss these results and provide suggestions for future research.
During the process of writing an essay, many students are utilizing online translation tools like Google Translate due to the widespread availability of computing technology and the internet. Online ...translation programming is strong, yet it is inclined to over-exacting interpretation, and cannot represent the setting similar to a human interpreter. As a result, students are left to rely on a tool that promises to "do the hard work" for them by allowing them to only think and write in their native language. This study is aimed to determine the extent to which students at the University of Bengkulu, Indonesia, rely on technology in writing essays and whether they consider its use to be cheating or not. The data was obtained by conducting mixed-method research through survey with a closed-ended questionnaire and interview to the English Department students of Universitas Bengkulu who are currently taking a Critical Writing course. The results discovered that all of the participants have utilized GT as a translation tool for writing essays particularly to translate word from their first language into English. Moreover, they considered using GT for essay writing as cheating depending on how it is used; for graded assignments or writing test.
Enormous digital tools can assist teachers or students in the teaching and learning process in face-to-face meetings and virtual environments. During Pandemic Covid-19, government policy forced ...educators to decide and design online learning for all education levels from kindergarten, elementary, junior high school, senior high school, and university. Nevertheless, many free digital tools intended free access for educators that could be utilized as synchronous or asynchronous learning. This article explores utilizing five digital tools for online learning such as Padlet, Kahoot, YouTube, Essaybot, and Grammarly due to teaching Essay Writing course. It is descriptively explained how the researchers used a learning collaboration tool, a content creation tool, a content sharing tool to engage students’ interaction in the Essay Writing course. This article was considered sharing information and recommendation for other teachers to implement free digital tools to increase their learning process and achieve learning outcomes. The teachers and instructional designers may explore these digital tools, adopt relevant tools to their discipline, and do further research.
•First representative study of EFL writing in Switzerland and Germany at upper secondary level.•About 70% of learners achieve CEFR level B2 (i.e., target standard) one year before graduation.•Small ...but significant learning gains in both countries over one year.•No influence of gender or language background on competence development.
This study investigates English writing skills of learners two years and one year before their baccalaureate exam in upper secondary schools (academic track, Gymnasium) in Germany and Switzerland. It focuses on level and development of EFL writing as well as differences between groups (country, gender, language background). A sample of n = 2847 students worked in a repeated measurement study on two different writing tasks from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL iBT). Results showed that in both countries over 70% of tested students achieved level B2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), thus mastering target standards one year before graduation. There were small effects for the development of writing skills over the school year, which were similar in size to studies on receptive skills. Swiss students outperformed German students while gender and language background did not have significant effects. These findings are discussed with regard to implications for English writing curricula and teacher education in an international context.
Grammar is an important language component to enhance students’ language proficiency. However, many students still make grammatical errors in writing their essays. This research aims at analyzing ...types of grammatical errors found in students’ essays. The type of this research is a descriptive case study. The subjects of the study were 20 third-semester students of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia. The researchers used a test to collect the data. The results of tests were analyzed descriptively by using Keshavarz’s theory. The analysis result shows that the percentage for each error type is 34.06% (omission), 7.25% (addition), 57.97% (substitution), and 0.72% (permutation). Based on the research result, the researchers conclude that the most dominant error is substitution. The percentage of error can prove it, that is, 57.97%. There are some implications of error analysis in English language teaching in universities in Indonesia. The lecturer can give enrichment, understand students’ grammar competence, give corrective feedback to students’ errors, modify target language learning items in classrooms and textbooks, understand the way students apply the target language rules, and use the effective teaching method or learning media.
The purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness of YouTube as an electronic learning resource in English writing learning. An exploratory mixed method was used in this study. Research ...instruments included tests, observations and questionnaires. The participants in this study were all third-semester English majors at Bina Sarana Informatika University in Jakarta. The participants were 100 students that were taken randomly. The researcher collected the data from September until December 2021. The result of the English essay writing test was analyzed by using a t-test. The observation was be done during the learning process and the questionnaire used to get students' input about the effectiveness of YouTube as an e-resource. The results of the study concluded that YouTube as an e-resource has a positive impact on the ability to write English essays. The test results before and after implementing YouTube as an e-resource were t-stat (8.76) t-table (2.022), which means Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted. While the Pearson correlation was 0.732. Students also gave a positive view of the use of YouTube during essay writing activities. This can be seen in the average value which was dominated by strongly agreed answers. This study concluded that learning resources for writing should be presented as learning resources that involve audio-visual and interesting so that story ideas can be developed.
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