RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as práticas de gestão de custos nas empresas da indústria da construção civil paranaense que seguem a tipologia de estratégias de Porter. A amostra é ...composta por empresas membros da Associação das Indústrias de Construção do Estado do Paraná (Sinduscon-PR) atuando no segmento de edifícios residenciais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários enviados para 317 empresas associadas ao Sinduscon. Retornaram 69 questionários, dos quais 54 foram utilizados na pesquisa. A análise fatorial exploratória dos dados possibilitou identificar dois grupos de práticas de gestão de custos. As análises sugerem igualdade entre as práticas adotadas de gestão de custos e de Planejamento e Controle de Custos (PCC) entre as empresas do grupo 1, independentemente da estratégia genérica adotada. Entre as empresas do grupo 2, aquelas que adotam a estratégia de diferenciação, os resultados sugerem que elas atribuem maior uso da prática de gestão de custos ACR. Os achados diferem daqueles obtidos por Chenhall, no qual as empresas que adotam estratégias de baixo custo tendem a utilizar controles gerenciais focados no controle de custos e rígidos controles orçamentários.
This paper is proposing a comprehensive framework in order to formulate strategy in organizations. This approach is based on generic strategies as criteria for selecting competitive strategies. In ...this method, firstly, we have studied Porter‘s five competitive forces to determine the nature of competition in the industry. Then by using SWOT matrix, we have formulated initial strategies of the organization. After that, we have allocated these strategies to four BSC perspectives. Then making use of these strategies in the HOQ as “Hows/ alternatives”, we subsequently considered generic strategies with the role of “Whats/ criteria” in the HOQ as a criteria for selection of strategies. Finally we performed screening and selection of initial strategies by using fuzzy screening technique. A case study is utilized to show the efficiency of the proposed model.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic orientation in terms of Miles and Snow typologies of the firms in emerging country and investigate their implications on performance. Unlike ...previous research, this paper focuses the importance of strategy implementation to the performance implications of Miles and Snow typology. Data was collected from 111 key informants from firms in Thailand’s chemical industry using probability sampling. The one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results showed that prospectors performed better than the other three strategic types, whereas reactors exhibited the lowest performance scores. While the success in strategy implementation is found to be a significant predictor of firm performance, the two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results revealed that the success in strategy implementation did not alter the relationship between Miles and Snow strategic type and a firm’s performance. This finding suggests that the relationship between Miles and Snow strategic type and a firm’s performance may be universal, regardless of the location where the study is conducted. However, additional studies in other contexts are required before the conclusion can be made whether the strategic type performance relationship will be contingent on strategy implementation.
In recent years, there has been a growing intensity of competition in virtually all areas of business in both markets upstream for raw materials such as components, supplies, capital and technology ...and markets downstream for consumer goods and services. This paper examines the relationships among generic strategy, competitive advantage, and organizational performance. Firstly, the nature of generic strategies, competitive advantage, and organizational performance is examined. Secondly, the relationship between generic strategies and competitive advantage is analyzed. Finally, the implications of generic strategies, organizational performance, performance measures and competitive advantage are studied. This study focuses on: (i) the relationship of generic strategy and organisational performance in Australian manufacturing companies participating in the “Best Practice Program in Australia”, (ii) the relationship between generic strategies and competitive advantage, and (iii) the relationship among generic strategies, competitive advantage and organisational performance.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are a vibrant and growing sector in most economies round the world and interesting phenomena to study. There are many factors, which may influence SMEs’ decisions ...to invest in e-business, and so many models, investigating relationships between them and e-business adoption. There is evidence that strategic intent of SMEs is one of the factors influencing adoption process. This study aims to survey, how different Generic Strategies lead to different e-business adoption levels.The survey is designed for Iranian Software Producer SMEs. The data was collected by telephone with the respondent being the SME owner who is knowledgeable about strategic intent.The results show, no significance relationship between generic strategies and e-business adoption levels. The relationship between educational levels of managers and e-business adoption levels is also investigated. No relationship was seen in this case either.
RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as práticas de gestão de custos nas empresas da indústria da construção civil paranaense que seguem a tipologia de estratégias de Porter. A amostra é ...composta por empresas membros da Associação das Indústrias de Construção do Estado do Paraná (Sinduscon-PR) atuando no segmento de edifícios residenciais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários enviados para 317 empresas associadas ao Sinduscon. Retornaram 69 questionários, dos quais 54 foram utilizados na pesquisa. A análise fatorial exploratória dos dados possibilitou identificar dois grupos de práticas de gestão de custos. As análises sugerem igualdade entre as práticas adotadas de gestão de custos e de Planejamento e Controle de Custos (PCC) entre as empresas do grupo 1, independentemente da estratégia genérica adotada. Entre as empresas do grupo 2, aquelas que adotam a estratégia de diferenciação, os resultados sugerem que elas atribuem maior uso da prática de gestão de custos ACR. Os achados diferem daqueles obtidos por Chenhall, no qual as empresas que adotam estratégias de baixo custo tendem a utilizar controles gerenciais focados no controle de custos e rígidos controles orçamentários.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the cost management practices of building industry companies of Paraná that follow the typology of Porter´s strategies. The sample comprises member companies of the Association of Construction Industries of the State of Paraná (PR-SINDUSCON) operating in the segment of residential buildings. The data were collected by means of questionnaires sent to 317 SINDUSCON members. 69 were returned and 54 used for our research. Exploratory Factorial Analysis of the data allowed us to identify two groups of cost management practices. Analyses suggest equality between the adopted cost management practices and the Cost Control Planning (CCP) practices among the companies of the Group 1, regardless of the generic strategy adopted. The companies of the Group 2 that adopted the differentiation strategy seem to use mainly the ACR cost management practice. Our findings differ from those obtained by Chenhall insofar as companies that adopt low cost strategies tend to use managerial controls focused on cost control and rigid budgetary controls.RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar las prácticas de gestión de costos en las empresas de la industria de la construcción civil del Estado de Paraná que siguen la tipología de estrategias de Porter. La muestra está compuesta por empresas miembros de la Asociación de Industrias de Construcción del Estado de Paraná (PR-SINDUSCON) actuando en el segmento de edificios residenciales. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de cuestionarios enviados a 317 empresas asociadas al SINDUSCON. Retornaron 69 cuestionarios, de los cuales, 54 fueron utilizados en la investigación. El análisis factorial exploratorio de los datos posibilitó identificar dos grupos de prácticas de gestión de costos. Los análisis sugieren igualdad entre las prácticas adoptadas de gestión de costos y de Planificación y Control de Costos (PCC) entre las empresas del grupo 1, independiente de la estrategia genérica adoptada. Entre las empresas del grupo 2, aquellas que adoptan la estrategia de diferenciación, los resultados sugieren que estas atribuyen mayor uso de la práctica de gestión de costos ACR. Los hallazgos difieren de aquellos obtenidos por Chenhall, donde las empresas que adoptan estrategias de bajo costo tienden a utilizar controles gerenciales centrados en el control de costos y rígidos controles presupuestarios.
In spite of the extensive empirical evidence supporting Porter's (1980) typology of generic strategies, many researchers have criticized it for its conceptual limitations. To address these ...criticisms, Mintzberg (1988) proposed an alternative typology of generic strategies. Our findings, based on a survey of executives in manufacturing firms, provide support for Mintzberg's typology and fail to support Porter's typology. Given the findings, we call for further empirical validation of competing typologies to revitalize research on generic strategies.
Although the existing literature discusses strategies available to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), they do not address the plight faced by SMEs, namely resource limitations in their ...strategy formulation. Drawing on deductive logic, this paper identifies and conceptualizes three marketing strategies which are generic to SMEs and which specifically take into consideration the competitive reactions of bigger incumbent firms. These three generic marketing strategies are substitution, free riding and strategic deterrence. Successful substitution calls for the SME to offer differentiated yet substitutable products to that of an incumbent so as to force accommodation by the latter. Free riding allows the SME to enter a served market segment without having to incur market development expenses. Finally, strategic deterrence aims to deter a bigger incumbent firm from embarking on aggressive counteractions against the SME. This can be achieved by the formation of strategic alliances and/or incurring sunk costs in order to signal the SME's commitments to stay in the market credibly. Examples from Asian SMEs are given to illustrate the three generic strategies.
This article discusses the validity of three famous approaches of strategic management – Porter’s Generic Strategies, the Outpacing Concept and Blue Ocean Strategies – by using cases from two ...industries: airlines and grocery retail. The discussion shows that all three concepts make important contributions to the explanation of the success and failure of existing strategies, but none of the concepts fully describes the reality. While generic and Blue Ocean strategies neglect dynamics, the outpacing approach is still too much imprisoned by the categories of Porter. As a conclusion, first ideas towards a more dynamic theory of market evolution are drawn which include aspects of Blue Ocean and Outpacing and recall a more philosophical approach.
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