Cloud detection is a crucial preprocessing step for optical satellite remote sensing (RS) images. This article focuses on the cloud detection for RS imagery with cloud-snow coexistence and the ...utilization of the satellite thumbnails that lose considerable amount of high resolution and spectrum information of original RS images to extract cloud mask efficiently. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel cloud detection neural network with an encoder-decoder structure, named CDnetV2, as a series work on cloud detection. Compared with our previous CDnetV1, CDnetV2 contains two novel modules, that is, adaptive feature fusing model (AFFM) and high-level semantic information guidance flows (HSIGFs). AFFM is used to fuse multilevel feature maps by three submodules: channel attention fusion model (CAFM), spatial attention fusion model (SAFM), and channel attention refinement model (CARM). HSIGFs are designed to make feature layers at decoder of CDnetV2 be aware of the locations of the cloud objects. The high-level semantic information of HSIGFs is extracted by a proposed high-level feature fusing model (HFFM). By being equipped with these two proposed key modules, AFFM and HSIGFs, CDnetV2 is able to fully utilize features extracted from encoder layers and yield accurate cloud detection results. Experimental results on the ZY-3 satellite thumbnail data set demonstrate that the proposed CDnetV2 achieves accurate detection accuracy and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
Imago Dei Herrin, Judith; Pelikan, Jaroslav
2011, Volume:
36
eBook
A sweeping account of the controversies surrounding the worship of images in the early Byzantine church
In 726, the Byzantine emperor, Leo III, issued an edict that all religious images in the empire ...were to be destroyed, a directive that was later endorsed by a synod of the church in 753 under his son, Constantine V. If the policy of Iconoclasm had succeeded, the entire history of Christian art—and of the Christian church, at least in the East—would have been altered.
Iconoclasm was defeated by Byzantine politics, popular revolts, monastic piety, and, most fundamentally of all, by theology, just as it had been theology that the opponents of images had used to justify their actions. Analyzing an intriguing chapter in the history of ideas, the renowned scholar Jaroslav Pelikan shows how a faith that began by attacking the worship of images ended first in permitting and then in commanding it.
Pelikan charts the theological defense of icons during the iconoclastic controversies of the eighth and ninth centuries, whose high point came in 787, when the Second Council of Nicaea restored the cult of images in the church. He demonstrates how the dogmas of the Trinity and the Incarnation eventually provided the basic rationale for images: because the invisible God had become human and therefore personally visible in Jesus Christ, it became permissible to make images of that Image. And because not only the human nature of Christ, but that of his Mother had been transformed by the Incarnation, she, too, could be “iconized,” together with all the other saints and angels.
The iconographic “text” of the book is provided by one of the very few surviving icons from the period before Iconoclasm, the Egyptian tapestry Icon of the Virgin now in the Cleveland Museum of Art. Other icons serve to illustrate the theological argument, just as the theological argument serves to explain the icons.
In an incisive foreword, Judith Herrin explains the enduring importance of the book and discusses how later scholars have built on Pelikan’s work.
Please note: All images in this ebook are presented in black and white and have been reduced in size.
This study analyzes the perceptions of young people between the ages of 20 and 26 on the use of emojis as an advertising language tool for the positioning of the "Interbank, eres tú" campaign. ...Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 young users of Interbank mobile banking. The findings identified are to build a brand image, delimit the target audience and reinforce attributes and benefits related to its products and services. Keywords: Advertising, positioning, advertising language, brand image. 1.
Semantic of Iconic Languages Laura Meloni; Bernhard Appelhaus; Linda Sanvido ...
Ricognizioni,
12/2022, Volume:
9, Issue:
18
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Written language production evolved from the representation of meanings to the representation of sounds, and more recently is now increasingly integrated by elements such as emoticons, emojis, and ...stickers. Our main question is: how can we represent verbal language through icons? In this regard, we have successful experiments: Emojiitaliano for the translation of Pinocchio (Chiusaroli et al., 2016), Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC), and others. These systems rely on different semantic approaches to translate concepts into pictograms, ideograms, or abstract symbols (Albacete et al., 1994; Tenny, 2014). The contribution of the present work is threefold: we give a review of different semantic approaches in modern iconic languages and semasiographies; we then present IKON, a new iconic language conceived as a novel step into the evolution of iconic languages introducing the use of lexical resources and semantic ontologies to build more precise icons.
There is evidence for an age-related decline in the ability to understand non-literal language such as sarcasm. There is also evidence to suggest that devices such as emoticons/emojis may influence ...sarcasm comprehension in younger adults. However, research examining whether such devices may improve written sarcasm comprehension in older adults is scarce. The present study used an online rating task to investigate the influence of the winking face emoji on both the interpretation and perception of message intent for sarcastic or literal criticism or praise. Results revealed that older adults, in comparison to their younger counterparts, demonstrated deficient ability in interpreting and perceiving sarcastic intent. However, older adults’ interpretation and perception of sarcastic intent were significantly improved when the messages were accompanied by the winking face emoji. This would suggest that the winking face emoji is a clear indicator of sarcastic intent, compensating for the absence of non-verbal cues in written communication, and may play a useful role in successful intergenerational communication.
•Older adults experience difficulty interpreting sarcasm in on-line communication.•Emojis can aid sarcasm interpretation in both younger and older adults.•Emojis can be a useful tool in facilitating successful intergenerational communication.
Palabras-clave: Celebrity Endorsement; Percepciones del Consumidor; Marketing Emocional; Influencia de Celebridades Iconicas; Marca y Cultura Pop Abstract: The study analyzed the perception of ...Peruvian millennial women about celebrity advertising, focusing on MAC Cosmetics' collaboration with Selena Quintanilla. The results show a positive perception of Celebrity Endorsement in cosmetics, highlighting its ability to connect emotionally through personalized products. Keywords: Celebrity Endorsement in Cosmetics; Consumer Perceptions; Emotional Marketing; Influence of Iconic Celebrities; Brand and Pop Culture 1. Este estudio examina la incorporación postuma de la iconica cantante Selena Quintanilla por MAC Cosmetics en su línea de maquillaje que ilustra una práctica de marketing que navega delicadamente entre el homenaje y la comercialización.
The iconographic heritage is one of the treasures of Byzantine art that have enriched the south of Italy, and Sicily in particular, since the early 16th century. In this work, the investigations of a ...Sicilian Icon of Greek-Byzantine origin, the
, is reported for the first time. The study was carried out using mainly non-invasive imaging techniques (photography in reflectance and grazing visible light, UV fluorescence, infrared reflectography, radiography, and computed tomography) and spectroscopic techniques (X-ray fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy). The identification of the constituent materials provides a decisive contribution to the correct historical and artistic placement of the Icon, a treasure of the Eastern European historical community in Sicily. Some hidden details have also been highlighted. Most importantly, the information obtained enables us to define its conservation state, the presence of foreign materials, and to direct its protection and restoration.
The collective ritual of building one-day votive churches (obydennye khramy) was practiced in the European north of Russia between the late 14th and 17th centuries. The product of a syncretism ...between Orthodox Christianity and native folklore, the ritual’s purpose was to deliver the community from epidemic disease. One-day churches were built of freshly cut logs, on virgin ground, in a prominent place, such as a town square or crossroads. According to local belief, votive objects made from natural materials were simultaneously temporary and eternal; this paper interrogates how one-day churches fit this model. Obydennye khramy were ephemeral structurally, processually, and circumstantially. These were simple, rudimentary votive structures, not built to last nor substitute established churches. By condensing into a single day all of the traditional steps of church-building, the ritual prevented the church from growing old before completion, ensuring its purity through its newness. Built under threat of pestilence, obydennye khramy had the function of realigning the progression of time, putting an end to the period of disease, and thereby allowing humans to fleetingly triumph over natural forces. Obydennye khramy were enduring as objects of intercession, as governance instruments, and in their subsequent representations in the written word and urban topography. Votive churches were spatial icons, mediating between humans and the cosmos and returning to nature as they decayed. The ritual itself, led by religious and secular authorities, performatively reinforced social hierarchies. Obydennye khramy were immortalised in chronicle narratives and occasionally replaced with stone churches, some of which survive today.
In the embodied, situated, enacted and distributed approaches to cognition, the coordinative role of language comes to the fore. Language, with its symbolic properties, arises from a multimodal ...stream of interactive events and gradually gains power to constrain them in a functional and adaptive way. In this article, we attempt to integrate three approaches to information in cognitive systems to provide a theoretical background to the process of development of language as such a coordinator. Ecological psychology provides an explanation for how any behaviors or events become informative through the process of "tuning" to affordances that control individual and collective behavior. The dynamical approach helps to operationalize this control as a functional reduction of degrees of freedom of individual and collective systems. Cognitive semiotics provides a typology of constraints showing their interrelations: it proposes conditions under which informational controls that function as indices and icons may become symbolic, providing a qualitatively different form of constraint, which can be partially ungrounded from the ongoing stream of multimodal events. The article illustrates the proposed processes with examples from actual parent-infant interaction and points to ways of verifying them in a more quantitative way.
This article explores the phenomenon of spectacle in the lead up and immediate aftermath of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Through the spread of misinformation, the appropriation of cultural ...iconography, and the willing engagement of mainstream media to perpetuate partisan and polarizing information, the proliferation of populist rhetoric, polarizing views, and vitriolic opinions spread. Revisiting the world of critical theorist Guy Debord, this article argues that the proliferation of citizen-drive spectacle is unique in its origination and perpetuation, and a direct result of an increasingly polarized and distrustful public spending an increasing amount of time in homophilous networks where contrarian views are few and far between. We apply the frame of spreadable media to explore how citizen expression online initiated, sustained, and expanded the media spectacle that pervaded the 2016 U.S. presidential election. The conclusion of this work argues that media literacies, as a popular response mechanism to help cultivate more critical consumers of media, must be repositioned to respond to an era of partisanship and distrust. We present a set of considerations for repositioning the literacies to focus on critique and creation of media in support of a common good, and that can respond meaningfully in an era of spreadability, connectivity, and spectacle.
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