The Syriac Letters and e-Abacus Diagram II Ali, Shukriyah S; Ahmed, Mohammed K; Sami, Hadil H ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
05/2021, Volume:
1879, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Abstract
The Syriac language is one of the oldest languages in the world. So far, some people speak it, for example in Iraq, Syria, southeastern Turkey and other countries. In this work, the Syriac ...letters were coded according to what was adopted by Sami and Mahmood in 2017 using the e-abacus diagram. More than one method is used to encode the English letters or diagrams that follow the concepts of partition theory. Each of them was taking its own path and the vision was to start with what Mohommed et al looked like in 2015 through the orbit concept. Then make the comparisons to observe the most efficient, fastest and most accurate method that could be followed.
Este artículo se propone analizar e identificar las razones políticas, sociales y securitarias que contribuyeron al vacío de poder en el cual se sumió Irak en los años que le siguieron al fenómeno de ...la Primavera Árabe, los cuales desempeñaron un papel crucial en el arrebato de territorios por parte del grupo yihadista Estado Islámico en Irak (EII). El período temporal seleccionado (2011-2017) inicia con las protestas en Irak que surgieron en el contexto de los levantamientos conocidos como la Primavera Árabe en la región de Medio Oriente y Norte de África, mientras que el punto culminante se encuentra en diciembre de 2017, cuando Irak anunció su triunfo y la recuperación de las áreas que habían sido capturadas y ocupadas años antes por el grupo yihadista. Para el cumplimiento de tal objetivo se realiza una recopilación y sistematización bibliográfica entre las que se destacan documentos oficiales. Asimismo, se emplean artículos de revistas científicas, libros o capítulos de estos, trabajos expuestos en congresos, reportes de centros de investigación, además de notas y artículos periodísticos de medios de comunicación iraquíes, regionales e internacionales.
The sunn pest of Eurygaster spp. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) also known as sting or cereal bug, is one of the most economically important pest in the world. The study include conducting a field survey ...of wheat fields in Thi - Qar province to investigate the presence of the sunn pest, as the insect was observed for the first time in wheat fields of AL-Rifai district north of province, at the end of March, the survey was expanded to include other localities in province, AL-Dawaya, AL-Nasir, AL-Gharraf, AL-Shatra districs. A description of adult females belong to two species of sunn pest were identified as Eurygaster integriceps (Poton, 1898), and Eurygaster testudinaria (Goffary, 1758), from two loclaities of study region (AL-Rifai and AL-Dawaya), from the period during 23/March to 14/5/2020. One of the important opservation is the presence of efficient natural enemy of this pestrepresents by ants, the predator was identify as Camponotus spp.(Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae), as was noted killing the living insects and hiding them in their holes.
The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) comprises 3 components: HOIP, HOIL-1, and Sharpin, of which HOIP and HOIL-1 are both members of the RBR subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases. HOIP catalyses ...the formation of Met1-linked ubiquitin oligomers (also called linear ubiquitin), but the function of the E3 ligase activity of HOIL-1 is unknown. Here, we report that HOIL-1 is an atypical E3 ligase that forms oxyester bonds between the C terminus of ubiquitin and serine and threonine residues in its substrates. Exploiting the sensitivity of HOIL-1–generated oxyester bonds to cleavage by hydroxylamine, and macrophages from knock-in mice expressing the E3 ligase-inactive HOIL-1C458S mutant, we identify IRAK1, IRAK2, and MyD88 as physiological substrates of the HOIL-1 E3 ligase during Toll-like receptor signaling. HOIL-1 is a monoubiquitylating E3 ubiquitin ligase that initiates the de novo synthesis of polyubiquitin chains that are attached to these proteins in macrophages. HOIL-1 also catalyses its own monoubiquitylation in cells and most probably the monoubiquitylation of Sharpin, in which ubiquitin is also attached by an oxyester bond. Our study establishes that oxyester-linked ubiquitylation is used as an intracellular signaling mechanism.
Compulsion in Religion relies on extensive research with Ba’thist archives to investigate the roots of the religious insurgencies that erupted in Iraq following the American-led invasion in 2003. The ...Iraqi archival records demonstrate that by the 1990s, Saddam’s regime had developed institutions to control and monitor Iraq’s religious landscape. The regime’s ability to do so provided it with confidence to launch a national “Faith Campaign” and to inject religion into Iraqi politics in a controlled manner. Islam played a greater role in the regime’s symbols and Saddam Hussein’s statements in the 1990s than it had in earlier decades. This increase in religious rhetoric did not represent a shift from secular-nationalist ideology to Islamism, however. The regime’s official policies toward religious leaders and institutions remained remarkably consistent throughout the Ba’thist period; Saddam spoke derisively about all forms of Islamist politics in Iraq throughout his presidency. He promoted a Ba’thist interpretation of religion that subordinated it to Arab nationalism rather than depicting the religion as an independent or primary political identity. Saddam did so explicitly to undermine Islamists and the revolutionary religious movements that would emerge after 2003. When the American-led invasion of 2003 destroyed the regime’s authoritarian structures, it unhinged the forces that these structures were designed to contain, creating an atmosphere infused with politically instrumentalized religion but lacking the checks provided by the former regime. Sadrists, al-Qaida, and eventually the Islamic State emerged out of this context to unleash the insurgencies that have plagued post-2003 Iraq.
TLRs are expressed on the plasma and endosomal membranes of innate immune cells acting as sensors of foreign and inherent danger signals that threaten the host. Upon activation, TLRs facilitate the ...assembly of large intracellular oligomeric signaling complexes, termed Myddosomes, which initiate key signal transduction pathways to elicit critical inflammatory immune responses. The formation of the Myddosome is integral for TLR signaling; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling its formation, disassembly, and the subsequent proximal signaling events remain to be clearly defined. In this review, we present a brief overview of TLR signal transduction pathways, summarize the current understanding of the Myddosome and the proteins that comprise its structure, including MyD88 and members of the IL‐1 receptor‐associated kinase (IRAK) family. Finally, we will discuss recent advances and open questions regarding early TLR signaling in the context of the Myddosome complex.
Review on our understanding of early TLR signaling with a focus on the Myddosome complex.
USA hadde ingen doktriner for opprørsbekjempelse (COIN) da operasjonene i Afghanistan og Irak startet. Mens krigene pågikk ble det, til tross for stor uenighet, innført en slik doktrine i 2007. ...Krigene førte også til både endringer i organisering og utrustning av amerikanske styrker, og til store endringer av planlagte investeringer av militært ustyr. Begge krigene endte i nederlag, og i tiden etter har USA på ny fokusert på stormaktsrivalisering. Men utgiftene til krigføringen i Afghanistan og Irak, og endringene i investeringsmønster, har svekket USAs evne til å konkurrere militært med Kina og Russland.
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