Bu çalışmada papillomatozis'li bir atta ivermektin tedavisinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu olguyu, klinik ve
histopatolojik muayenede papillomatozis olduğu belirlenen ve ...anemnezde iki aydır papillomdan şikayetçi olduğu öğrenilen 14 aylık
kısrak oluşturdu. Papillomatozisli ata tek doz ivermektin (Eqvalan paste®, Topkim, Türkiye) 200 mcg/kg oral olarak uygulandı.
Iyileşme periyodu süresince at 7., 15. ve 30. günlerde gözlendi ve bu sürede herhangi bir başka tedavi uygulanmadı. Ivermektin
uygulandıktan sonraki 7. günde lezyonların gerilemeye başladığı, 15. günde %90' yakın gerileme olduğu, 30. günde ise tamamen
iyileştiği görüldü. Sonuç olarak; equine papillomatozis'te ivermektinin etkili olabileceği düşünülmüştür.
This case report aims to evaluate the effect of ivermectin in the treatment of a horse with papillomatosis. The horse was a
14-month-old mare, with cutaneous papillomatosis diagnosed by clinical and histopahological examinations. The history revealed
that papillomas had developed and progressed in the last 2 months. A single shot of ivermectin (Eqvalan paste®, Topkim,
Turkey) at a dose of 200 mcg/kg was orally administered to the horse. The horse was observed at $7^ {th}$, $15^ {th}$ and $30^ {th}$ days and no
other treatment during the recovery period. Papillomas regressed clearly on the $7^ {th}$ day after the administration of ivermectin
treatment and regressed nearly 90% on the $15^ {th}$ day and, showed complete remission on the $30^ {th}$ day. The results obtained in
this case indicated that ivermectin might be effect in the treatment of equine papillomatosis.
In this study, ivermectin was administered orally to112 Arabian horses for detection of Gasterophilus species in the Sanliurfa region between June-July 2006. Eleven (9.82%) Arabian horses were found ...to be infected by larvae of Gasterophilus spp. A total of 409 third stage larvae (L3) were collected from fecal samples. In the Sanliurfa region, the prevalence of three species of Gasterophilus was identified as follows: Gasterophilus intestinalis (6.25%), G. nasalis (2.67%) and G. pecorum (0.89%).
Endoparasitic infections present a frequent health problem among swine maintained on farms, with ascariasis and esophagostamosis being the most frequent diseases. There are several valid methods in ...curbing parasites in swine - peroral application of antiparasitics and their subcutaneous application. Ivermektin is an antiparasitic with a wide range of effects which is successfully used in curbing ecto and endoparasites in swine and other animals. Ivermektin has so far primarily been applied subcutaneously which required considerable efforts and the engagement of numerous staff in therapy of large agglomerations of frarm animals. In recent years Ivermektin has appeared in powder form that is mixed in feed which largely facilitates therapy and the prevention of ecto and endoparasitoses in farm animals. In order to examine the efficiency of the peroral application of Ivermektin in treating endoparasitic infections, our paper presents the curbing of acradosis and esophagostamosis in farm swine using peroral application of Ivermektin (Ivermektin-P, Hemovet, Vrsac). Four control examinations after therapy did not reveal any parasite infections, which is evidence that Ivermektin is absolutely efficient when applied perorally. On the grounds of the obtained results, we are of the opinion that the peroral application of Ivermektin is a successful therapy of endoparasitic infections in swine, which is not in any way less efficient than its subcutaneous application. The peroral application of Ivermektin largely facilitates therapy and the prevention of parasitic infections on farms with large agglomerations of animals.
Endoparazitske infekcije predstavljaju cest zdravstveni problem svinja drzanih farmski, pri cemu askaridoza, a potom ezofagostamoza, predstavljaju najcesca oboljenja. U suzbijanju parazita svinja postoji nekoliko validnih metoda ? peroralna primena antiparazitika i njihova injekciona aplikacija. Ivermektin predstavlja antiparazitik sirokog spektra delovanja koji se uspesno koristi u suzbijanju ekto i endoparazita svinja i drugih zivotinja. Do sada se primarno ivermektin aplikovao injekcionim putem, sto je iziskivalo znatno napora uz angazovanje velikog broja ljudi pri terapiji velikih aglomeracija svinja drzanih farmski. Poslednjih godina pojavila se njegova praskasta formulacija koja se umesa u hranu i u mnogome olaksava terapiranje i preventivu ekto i endoparazitoza zivotinja drzanih farmski. Za ispitivanje efikasnosti peroralne primene ivermektina za lecenje endoparazitskih infekcija u nasem radu dajemo prikaz suzbijanja askaridoze i ezofagostamoze svinja u farmskim uslovima putem peroralne aplikacije ivermektina (Ivermektin-P, Hemovet, Vrsac). Posle cetiri kontrole po terapiji, pri kojima nije ustanovljena infekcija uzrokovana parazitima uverili smo se u potpuno delovanje ivermektina aplikovanog peroralno. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata misljenja smo da se peroralnom primenom ivermektina uspesno obavlja terapija endoparazitskih infekcija svinja, koja ni u cemu ne zaostaje za njegovom s.c. aplikacijom. Peroralnom primenom ivermektina u mnogome se olaksavaju terapija i preventiva parazitskih infekcija na farmama sa velikom aglo-meracijom zivotinja.
Bu çalışma, Psoroptes cuniculi ile doğal enfeste dört tavşanda ivermektinin tedavi ve hasta hayvanlarla temas etmiş 10 tavşanda koruyucu etkinliğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla enfeste ...ve şüpheli tavşanlara 400 µg/kg dozda, subkutan yolla tek doz ivermektin uygulanmıştır. İlacın etkinliği; iki haftalık süreç boyunca klinik belirtiler, tedavi sonunda canlı etken saptanmaması ve yeni klinik vakaların ortaya çıkmaması esasına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Hasta tavşanların üçünde ilaç uygulamasını takip eden 7. günde klinik iyileşme ve etken eliminasyonu gerçekleşirken, menenjit benzeri semptomlar gösteren bir tavşan ölmüştür. Koruyucu ilaç kullanılan 10 hayvanda yeni klinik vaka görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, tavşanlarda tek doz ivermektin uygulamasının psoroptik uyuzu tedavi ettiği ve hasta hayvanlarla teması olan tavşanlarda koruyucu olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Psoroptes cuniculi for treatment and in 10 rabbits in contact with the infested animals for protection. The efficacy of the drug was evaluated based on the clinical signs, the absence of live mites and new clinical cases during a period of least two weeks. Elimination of clinical signs and mites were seen in three rabbits seven days after the ivermectin injection, but one rabbit, which had meningitis-like signs, died. Also, no new cases occurred in the other ten rabbits. These results suggest that an application of ivermectin can completely eliminate mites from rabbits naturally infested with P. cuniculi and that it was also a sufficient method for protection from contact infestation.
A two year old male Golden (Syrian) hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) was presented with a history of alopecia on the dorso-lumbosacral area and on the back, lethargy, anorexia and severe pruritus. ...Microscopic examination of skin scraping revealed mites identified as Demodex criceti and Demodex aurati. Initial therapy included ivermectin and H-vitamin, neverthless the present case was dead four days after admission. To the present authors’ knowledge this is the first reported case describing the mix demodectic infestation by Demodex criceti and Demodex aurati, in Syrian hamster in Turkey.
Bu çalışmada, bir yıl süresince Zara yöresindeki sığır, koyun ve keçilerin kene enfestasyonu yönünden muayene edilmesi, bu bölgede kene türlerinin epizootiyolojisinin belirlenmesi ve enfeste ...hayvanların sağaltımının araştırılması amaçlandı. Zara yöresinde muayene edilen 240 sığırdan 71'inde (%29,6), 275 koyundan 66'sında (%24) ve 252 keçiden 50'sinde (%19,9) kene enfestasyonunun varlığı tespit edildi. Kene enfestasyonu bulunan sığırlarda; Haemaphysalis parva (%33,8), Dermacentor marginatus (%2,8), Boophilus annulatus (%21,1), Haemaphysalis concinna (%15,5), Hyalomma marginatum (%19,7), Rhipicephalus bursa (%7) türleri, koyunlarda; Dermacentor niveus (%18,2), Dermacentor marginatus (%31,8), Haemaphysalis parva (%13,6), Haemaphysalis concinna (%4,5), Hylomma marginatum (%4,5) ve Rhipicephalus bursa (%27,3) türleri, keçilerde; Dermacentor niveus (% 4), Dermacentor marginatus (%12), Haemaphysalis parva (% 40), Haemaphysalis concinna (%2), Boophilus annulatum (%4), Hyalomma marginatum (%6) ve Rhipicephalus bursa (%32) türleri tespit edildi. Enfeste olduğu tespit edilen hayvanlara 200 μg/kg dozda subkutan ivermectin uygulaması yapıldı. Ivermectin uygulamasının etkili olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, Zara bölgesinde sığır, koyun ve keçi barınaklarında kene enfestasyonunun olduğu, kene türlerinin mevsimlere göre farklılıklar gösterdiği ve ivermectinin sağaltımda etkili olduğu tespit edildi.
The purpose of this study was to examine tick infestation in cattle, sheep and goats in the Zara-Sivas region for one year and to determine the epizootiology of the tick species as well as to investigate treatment of the infested animals. Tick infestation was detected in 71 (29.6%) out of 240 cattle, 66 (24.0%) out of 275 sheep and 50 (19.9%) out of 252 goats in the Zara region. It has been shown that the tick infestation on cattle included Haemaphysalis parva (33.8%), Dermacentor marginatus (2.8%), Boophilus annulatus (21.1%), Haemaphysalis concinna (15.5%), Hyalomma marginatum (19.7%) and Rhipicephalus bursa (7%). Those on sheep included Dermacentor niveus (18.2%), Dermacentor marginatus (31.8%), Haemaphysalis parva (13.6%), Haemaphysalis concinna (4.5%), Hyalomma marginatum (4.5%) and Rhipicephalus bursa (27.3%). Those on goats included Dermacentor niveus (4%), Dermacentor marginatus (12%), Haemaphysalis parva (40%), Haemaphysalis concinna (2%), Boophilus annulatum (4%), Hyalomma marginatum (6%) and Rhipicephalus bursa (32%). Ivermectin was administered to the infested animals in a dose of 200 µg/kg subcutaneously. The administration of the ivermectin was effective. As a result, it has been shown that the tick infestation is present in cattle, sheep and goats in Zara region, the tick species differ according to the season and administration of ivermectin was an effective treatment.
Avermektinlerden İvermektin ve Eprinomektin geniş spekturumlu endektositlerdir. Bu ilaçlar tedavi dozlarında ciddi
yan etkileri olmayan ilaçlar olarak kabul edilir. Fakat avermektinler yüksek ...dozlarda hayvanlarda ve sağaltım dozunda
insanlarda sinir sistemi ve genel semptomlarla karakterize bazı yan etkileri vardır. Bu çalışmada İvermektin ve
Eprinomektin'in sağımdaki ineklerde plazma malondialdehid (MDA) ve glutatyon (GSH) seviyelerine etkisi araştUrUlmUştUr.
10 adet Holştayn ırkı süt veren inek 2 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 ve grup 2 ye sırasıyla tek doz olarak dökme tarzında
İvermektin (0.5 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı) ve Eprinomektin (0.5 mg/kg vücut ağUrlUğU) uygulandU. İlaç uygulamasından önce kan
örnekleri 0. saatte kontrol uygulamasU olarak vena jugularis'ten alındı. Kan örnekleri ilaç uygulamasını takiben belirli
zaman aralıklarında (1, 4, 8, 24 ve 36. saatlerde ve 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, ve 25. günlerde) yine jugular ven'den
toplandı. Eprinomektin ve İvermektin GSH seviyesinde geçici bir düşmeye ve takiben yine geçici bir artışa sebep oldu
(P<0.05). Fakat MDA seviyelerinde herhangi bir değişikliğe rastlanmadı (P>0.05). Sonuç olarak, Eprinomektin ve
İvermektinin plazma GSH seviyesinde geçici bir düşmeye sebeb olarak antioksidan kapasitede bir düşüşe neden
olabileceği fakat bu düşüşün lipid peroksidasyonuna yol açmayacak derecede olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
Avermectins including Ivermectin and Eprinomectin are broad spectrum endectocides. These drugs are considered to
have no serious adverse effects at therapeutic range. However, use of avermectins in overdose in some animal species and
at the therapeutic range in humans could result in some adverse effects including mainly nervous system effects and some
general symptoms. This study was aimed to investigate effects of Eprinomectin and Ivermectin on plasma
malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in lactating cow. Ten Holstein breed lactating dairy cows were
divided into 2 groups. Before the application of drugs, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein in each group
at 0 hour as control, and then Group 1 and 2 received a single pour-on application of Ivermectin (0.5 mg/kg body weight)
and Eprinomectin (0.5 mg/kg body weight), respectively. Blood samples were then collected again from the jugular vein at
timed-intervals (at 1, 4, 8, 24 and 36 hours and on 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20 and 25th days) to measure plasma MDA
and GSH concentrations. Eprinomectin and Ivermectin treatment caused a transient decrease in GSH levels which is
followed by transient increase (P<0.05). However, no difference was observed in MDA levels at all sampling points
following the Eprinomectin and Ivermectin treatment compared to control samples (P>0.05). It was concluded that
Eprinomectin and Ivermectin cause decreased GSH concentrations without alterations in MDA level leading to a decrease
in the defense mechanism against oxidative stress although the decrease is not enough to cause lipid peroxidation.
Grinje uzrokuju nekoliko kožnih bolesti među kojima se, ovisno o uzročniku, ističu demodeks-šuga, sarkoptes-šuga, psoroptes-šuga i notoedres-šuga. U radu su prikazani kliničko-patološki nalazi i ...liječenje neuobičajenog slučaja sarkoptes-šuge kunića i mačke. Mužjak kunića i mačka smješeteni su zajedno u istim prostorijama veterinarske klinike Fakulteta za veterinarske i animalne znanosti, Sveučilišta Lala Lajpat Rai, Hisar. U anamnezi oboljelih životinja su navedeni alopecije, anoreksija, intenzivni svrbež, eritem, perut te bjelkaste, suhe, krastolike lezije na i u okolini ušiju, nosa i lica. Mikroskopski pregled strugotina kože s različitih mjesta pokazao je odrasle parazite iz porodice Sarcoptidae i njihova jajašca. Životinje su tijekom razdoblja od 15 dana, uz potpornu terapiju, uspješno liječene ivermektinom i fipronil sprejom.
: Türkiye'nin batısında yer alan dokuz at çiftliğindeki 320 atın % 68'inde Strongylidae enfeksiyonu saptanmıştır. Atların yarısında, gram dışkıdaki yumurta sayısının (EPG) 950'den yüksek olduğu ...belirlenmiştir. Çiftliklerden birinde üç farklı antelmentiğin Cyathostominae EPG'lerine etki süreleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bir grup at 0. gün moxidectin ile, diğer iki grupta bulunan atlar ise 0. ve 70. günlerde pyrantel embonate ve ivermectin ile tedavi edilmişlerdir. Pyrantel embonate 2 hafta boyunca EPG değerini >% 90 oranında azaltmış, yumurta sayıları daha sonra artmaya başlamıştır, ivermectin ise EPG miktarını 6 hafta süresince >% 98 oranında azaltmıştır. Buna karşılık moxidectin ile yapılan tek tedavinin etki süresi en az 16 hafta boyunca >% 98 olmuştur.
Strongyle infection was detected in 68% of 320 horses from 9 farms in western Turkey. Egg counts per gram of faeces (EPG) were more than 950 in half of the animals. The persistent efficacy of 3 different anthelmintics to suppress cyathostome EPG was compared on a horse farm. One group of horses was treated with moxidectin on day 0, and the 2 other groups received pyrantel embonate or ivermectin on days 0 and 70. Pyrantel embonate reduced the EPG by >90% for 2 weeks; thereafter egg counts steadily increased. Ivermectin reduced the EPG by >98% for up to 6 weeks. In contrast, one treatment with moxidectin resulted in a persistent efficacy of >98% for at least 16 weeks.
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of ivermectin on the hyaluronidase activities of blood serum and semen and on the sperm characteristics in sheep. In this investigation 18 sheep, ...at the age of 2 years and weighing between 50-60kg were used. After the administration of ivermectin subcutanously at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, semen and blood samples were taken at different times. The hyaluronidase activities of blood serum and semen samples in sheep were determined to increase significantly (p<0.001) when compared with control groups from the first hour to the 120th hour. Furthermore, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the hyaluronidase activities of serum and semen in sheep. After the injection of ivermectin subcutanously at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, the values of sperm concentration were demonstrated to decrease highly significantly (p<0.001) in comparison with the control group. Although the semen volume levels of rams increased significantly (p<0.01) at the first, on the 48th and 72nd hours, the same levels were observed to decline significantly (p<0.01) when compared with control groups at 24, 96, 120 and 168 hours. In addition, the rates of sperm motility were established to diminish significantly (p<0.01) in comparison with the control group at all times except the first hour. No differences were observed of abnormal spermatozoa rates when compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was no correlation between hyaluronidase activities of serum or semen with sperm characteristics. These findings indicate that ivermectin increases hyaluronidase activity of serum and semen in sheep, but it decreases sperm motility and concentrations. In conclusion, the use of ivermectin is not suitable during ramming season and in rams used for breeding due to the deleterious effects on fertility.
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