This study shows the link between land use, landscape changes, and ecosystem services. Two pilot areas were investigated for how land use changes from 1824 to 2013 affect the provision of ecosystem ...services. It was found that low-intensity managed traditional land use is disappearing due to the intensification of agricultural production on the one hand, and the retreat of agriculture from unfavorable areas on the other hand. However, such traditional land use contributes to more diverse and more numerous ecosystem services and helps preserve the cultural landscape. Therefore, intensification and overgrowth should be restricted, and less intensive agriculture should be encouraged. The approach presented can be used as a support tool for decision-making in managing and governing landscapes.
In the 18th century, Dalmatia was a poor province of the once strong Venetian Republic, on whose territory some of the largest and most destructive Venetian-Ottoman wars were fought. These wars ...changed the territory, population, customs and religion. The population of Dalmatia, specifically Dalmatian Zagora (Hinterland), also endured that period, while also firmly defending their material, social, cultural and spiritual well-being. The Morlach population lived in their spirituality by believing in the Christian God, but also by practicing a variety of superstitious customs.
U radu se na temelju vojnog popisa Hrvatske i Primorske krajine iz 1712. godine donosi pregled i analiza strukture Senjske natkapetanije. Rekonstruira se brojčano stanje i vojni sastav te ...hijerahijski prikazuje njezino ustrojstvo po raznim uočenim sektorima i odredima. Analizira se financijska konstrukcija, plaće vojnog osoblja i vojnika te opisuju vojne obveze i elementi vojničkoga života. Također se rekonstruiraju i poveznice gradskog stanovništva Senja i njenih plemićkih, patricijskih i građanskih obitelji s vršenjem određenih elemenata vojne službe tijekom proučavanog perioda.
U sklopu austrijskih oružanih snaga krajišnici su uživali višestoljetnu reputaciju
kao kvalitetni i odani vojnici. Taj ugled trebali su još jednom potvrditi 1859. godine kada
je izbio ...Austrijsko-sardinijski rat ili Drugi rat za talijansko ujedinjenje. Pažnja ovoga
rada usredotočena je upravo na ulogu jedne konkretne skupine krajišnika – pripadnika
Otočke krajiške pukovnije br. 2 – u ovome sukobu. Na temelju raznovrsne izvorne građe
rekonstruirao se ratni put otočkih krajišnika kako bi se dočaralo njihovo ratno iskustvo,
kao i pobliže razmotrilo pitanje njihove pouzdanosti i učinkovitosti kao vojnika u službi
habsburškog vladara.
Historical roots of forming Krajina state. In 1991 the Republic of Croatia consisted of the territories of Croatian and Serbian people. The Serbian Democratic Party was founded on 17th February, ...1990. The community of municipalities of Northern Dalmatia and Lika. The Assembly in Srbo, Serbian National Council and the Declaration of Serbian Autonomy. The plebiscite about Serbian autonomy. Serbian Autonomous Territory Krajina. The referendum about remaining in Yugoslavia. The Union between Serbian Autonomous Territory Krajina and Bosnian Krajina. Serbian Autonomous Territory Slavonia, Baranja and Western Srem. The Republic of Serbian Krajina. The Vance plan. The development of institutions of the Republic of Serbian Krajina and the Croatian breach of the UN peace plan. The Republic of Serbian Krajina - the initiator of all-Serbian unity. Serbian Federation - unfulfilled dream of Krajina. The occupation of the Republic of Serbian Krajina.
V prispevku predstavljamo železnodobno središče v Podzemlju. Kronološki pregled starih raziskovanj naselja in pripadajočih grobišč dopolnjujemo s predstavitvijo prvih rezultatov novih ...naselbinskih izkopavanj na južnem vrhu Kučarja, kjer sta bili odkriti dve stopnji halštatske poselitve. Prvič so bile raziskane ostaline obrambnega nasipa, najverjetneje ruševine zidu, s katerim je bil južni vrh obdan šele v mlajši fazi. Na tem območju so bile ohranjene tudi sledi poselitve iz mlajše železne dobe.
Raziskave na južnem vrhu Kučarja in odkritje grobišča na Pezdirčevi njivi na zahodni strani naselja pomembno dopolnjujejo naše vedenje o razvoju železnodobnega središča v Podzemlju.
Na grobišču, najverjetneje planem, ki še ni v celoti raziskano in zamejeno, sta bili odkriti dve skupini grobov, ki ju datiramo na sam konec halštatskega obdobja in v mlajšo železno dobo, pri čemer slednja nedvomno sodi v viniško kulturno skupino.
Obe raziskavi sta še v teku in bosta celovito predstavljeni v prihodnjih letih.
Michel Desvigne ist der international profilierteste franzosische Landschaftsarchitekt. Ansassig in Paris, hatte er Gastprofessuren an der Architectural Association in London, an der Harvard ...University und anderswo inne. Desvignes Projekte haben eine starke strategische und konzeptionelle Komponente. Eine groe Rolle spielen Verkehrsprojekte, die die stadtebaulich-planerische Kompetenz seiner Landschaftsarchitektur unterstreichen. Das Buch dokumentiert zehn Groprojekte Desvignes aus Frankreich, den USA, Spanien und Qatar, bei denen er nicht nur fur die Landschaftsarchitektur, sondern fur die gesamte Projektleitung verantwortlich zeichnet. Wie lassen sich solche Projekte hoher Komplexitat realisieren? Wie entwickelt sich der intellektuelle Gedankengang? Welche spezifischen Probleme stellen sich bei der Umsetzung?
This paper brings together biographies of the earliest historiographers of the Military Frontier, whose works represent the inevitable “zero point” in historical disciplines as well as the humanities ...at large. These historiographers include Johann Andreas Demian (ca. 1770 – 1845), Carl Bernhard von Hietzinger (November 3, 1786 – March 26, 1864), Mathias Stopfer (1795 – September 8, 1841), Franz de Paula Julius Frass (1794 – March 11, 1868), Paul Kussan (January 12, 1795 – February 2, 1875), Franz Bach (1793 – February 3, 1868), Josef Hostinek (1830 – January 10, 1905), Leopold Martin Krainz (1834 – December 26, 1872), and Franz Vaniček (July 6, 1809 – April 6, 1894). Their lives were reconstructed on the basis of previously published data in secondary literature, and gaps were filled in, where possible, with the help of relevant monthly army censuses, the accompanying documentation, and registry books. Transfer certificates, which in addition to basic information on personal lives offer a very detailed overview of progress in the professional career, helped the most. Using these documents, it was possible to correct some overlooked errors in the previously published biographies. Comparing the biographies of the first historiographers of the Military Frontier, the authors have noticed some very interesting similarities as well as differences. Most of the studied persons were officials of the Military Frontier administration, except for Demian and Hietzinger, who belonged to the highest military council in Vienna, and Krainz, who partly made his career in a military unit. Three of them were prominent members of educational staff in the Military Frontier. Stopfer was a professor at the Military Administration School in Graz, Frass was the principal of all schools in the Karlovac Generalate, and Vaniček was the principal of the Higher Grammar School in Vinkovci. Bach and Krainz served as military judges. Historiographers with most writings relevant to the Military Frontier are Demian, Stopfer and Vaniček. Hietzinger, Kussan, Bach, Hostinek, and Krainz published one seminal work each. While at the beginning the emphasis was on statistics and geography, from the mid-19th century the focus increasingly shifted to historical events. Most authors based themselves on works published before theirs: Hietzinger on Demian, Stopfer on Hietzinger, Frass on Hietzinger and Stopfer, and so on. However, the most interesting discoveries about their personal and professional lives concern the way these were intertwined. Based on the available and collected data, it could be established that seven of the nine mentioned persons lived to be between 74 and 84 years old. Stopfer died the youngest, at the age of 45, and it was not possible to find out Krainz’s date of death. A combination of high age and a long professional career, which implied frequent transfers, created favourable conditions for possible encounters. Between 1828 and 1830, Stopfer and Bach served simultaneously in the Otočac Regiment, Hostinek was a student of Vaniček and then Stopfer, and Vaniček was member of a society whose president was Hietzinger, the Imperial and Royal Geographical Society in Vienna (k. k. Geographische Gesellschaft). Although the authors of this paper have tried to shed as much light as possible on the careers of historiographers whose works have been indispensable guideposts on the path of scholarly knowledge about the Military Frontier as a historical phenomenon, the primary intention was to encourage further research into this understudied historical topic.
This book presents an evidence-based approach to landscape planning and design for urban blue spaces that maximises the benefits to human health and well-being while minimising the risks. Based on ...applied research and evidence from primary and secondary data sources stemming from the EU-funded BlueHealth project, the book presents nature-based solutions to promote sustainable and resilient cities. Numerous cities around the world are located alongside bodies of water in the form of coastlines, lakes, rivers and canals, but the relationship between city inhabitants and these water sources has often been ambivalent. In many cities, water has been polluted, engineered or ignored completely. But, due to an increasing awareness of the strong connections between city, people, nature and water and health, this paradigm is shifting. The international editorial team, consisting of researchers and professionals across several disciplines, leads the reader through theoretical aspects, evidence, illustrated case studies, risk assessment and a series of validated tools to aid planning and design before finishing with overarching planning and design principles for a range of blue-space types. Over 200 full-colour illustrations accompany the case-study examples from geographic locations all over the world, including Portugal, the United Kingdom, China, Canada, the US, South Korea, Singapore, Norway and Estonia. With green and blue infrastructure now at the forefront of current policies and trends to promote healthy, sustainable cities, Urban Blue Spaces is a must-have for professionals and students in landscape planning, urban design and environmental design. Open Access for the book was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 666773
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