In the last two decades a large amount of previously secret documents on Jewish issues emerged from the newly opened Communist archives. The selection of these papers published in the volume and ...stemming mostly from Hungarian archives will shed light on a period of Jewish history that is largely ignored because much of the current scholarship treats the Shoah as the end of Jewish history in the region. The documents introduced and commented by the editor of the volume, András Kovács, will give insight into the conditions and constraints under which the Jewish communities, first of all, the largest Jewish community of the region, the Hungarian one had to survive in the time of the post-Stalinist Communist dictatorship. They may shed light on the ways how “Jewish policy” of the Soviet bloc countries was coordinated and orchestrated from Moscow and by the single countries. The archival material will prove that the ruling communist parties were restlessly preoccupied with the “Jewish question.” This preoccupation, which kept the whole issue alive in the decades of communist rule, explains to a great extent its open reemergence in the time of transition and in the post-communist period.
This book illustrates the history of the Gypsy/Roma issue in the wider context of Hungarian national history, relying on state policy documents. The volume questions dominant discourse on the Roma ...and critically examines earlier knowledge of the Roma in Hungary. The authors track events and narratives from the historical turning point of 1945 to the present. The effects of continuities in policies toward Gypsies (e.g., continuing marginalization) are presented and interpreted, as are the results of changes in political institutions and processes. Written from an equality and human rights perspective, this book reinterprets the history of the power and social science discourse that constructed and defined the Roma.
This book explores the actions and activities of Hungarian nongovernmental organizations to redress the failures of the education system with regard to the Roma and examines the barriers to reform.
János Sarkady (1927–2006) je študij klasične filologije končal v Budimpešti; med letoma 1954–58 je bil asistent, nato je bil zaradi svoje vloge v revoluciji leta 1956 odstavljen, vendar je kasneje ...spet postal profesor klasične filologije na univerzi ELTE v Budimpešti. Leta 1957, ko je bil v zaporu, je postal sodelavec tajne policije kot agent »Vilmos Sárándi«, najverjetneje po daljšem fizičnem znašanju nad njim. V naslednjih letih je poročal o kolegih, med katerimi so bili István Borzsák, György Székely, Gyula Moravcsik, Imre Trencsényi-Waldapfel, Tibor Szamuelly, Ferenc Pölöskey in Árpád Szabó. Sodelovanje s tajno policijo je tega mladega in nadarjenega filologa dotolklo; prisiljen je bil živeti v nenehnem strahu, kar ga je kot človeka uničilo.
The Value of Labor Lampland, Martha
2016, 2016-09-15, Volume:
56217
eBook
At the heart of today's fierce political anger over income inequality is a feature of capitalism that Karl Marx famously obsessed over: the commodification of labor. Most of us think wage-labor ...economics is at odds with socialist thinking, but as Martha Lampland explains in this fascinating look at twentieth-century Hungary, there have been moments when such economics actually flourished under socialist regimes. Exploring the region's transition from a capitalist to a socialist system—and the economic science and practices that endured it—she sheds new light on the two most polarized ideologies of modern history. Lampland trains her eye on the scientific claims of modern economic modeling, using Hungary's unique vantage point to show how theories, policies, and techniques for commodifying agrarian labor that were born in the capitalist era were adopted by the socialist regime as a scientifically designed wage system on cooperative farms. Paying attention to the specific historical circumstances of Hungary, she explores the ways economists and the abstract notions they traffic in can both shape and be shaped by local conditions, and she compellingly shows how labor can be commodified in the absence of a labor market. The result is a unique account of economic thought that unveils hidden but necessary continuities running through the turbulent twentieth century.
The compelling story of Hungarian children living with Belgian families during the interwar period. Children who migrated without their families were noteworthy participants of interwar European ...migration history. Milk Sauce and Paprika tells the story of Hungarian children who were sent to Belgium in the framework of a humanitarian project between 1923 and 1927. Based on a wide variety of sources such as official documents, contemporary newspapers, photographs, family correspondences, biographies and interviews, this book examines the history of the Belgian-Hungarian child relief project and describes its social and cultural impacts on the families involved in both countries. This compelling story of one of the first mass European child migration movements offers new insights in the dynamics of national and religious communities. Furthermore, it sheds light on intimate family life and contemporary habits and values regarding parenting and co-parenting in the interwar period. Cutting across national and cultural borders, this monograph connects individual and collective memory with the experiences of childhood and migration.
Genocide in the Carpathians presents the history of Subcarpathian Rus', a multiethnic and multireligious borderland in the heart of Europe. This society of Carpatho-Ruthenians, Jews, Magyars, and ...Roma disintegrated under pressure of state building in interwar Czechoslovakia and, during World War II, from the onslaught of the Hungarian occupation. Charges of "foreignness" and disloyalty to the Hungarian state linked antisemitism to xenophobia and national security anxieties. Genocide unfolded as a Hungarian policy, and Hungarian authorities committed mass robbery, deportations, and killings against all non-Magyar groups in their efforts to recast the region as part of an ethnonational "Greater Hungary."
In considering the events that preceded the German invasion of Hungary in March 1944, this book reorients our view of the Holocaust not simply as a German drive for continent-wide genocide, but as a truly international campaign of mass murder, related to violence against non-Jews unleashed by projects of state and nation building. Focusing on both state and society, Raz Segal shows how Hungary's genocidal attack on Subcarpathian Rus' obliterated not only tens of thousands of lives but also a diverse society and way of life that today, from the vantage point of our world of nation-states, we find difficult to imagine.
V delu obravnavamo medkulturne identitete Italijanov, ki nastopajo v romanih Travniška kronika Iva Andrića in Turško ogledalo (Török tükör) Viktorja Horvata. Analizirana romana imata nekaj stičnih ...točk. Večkulturna okolja spremljajo refleksije na družbene polome in se s svojimi pridobljenimi mehanizmi odzivajo nanje.
Hrvati imajo na Madžarskem bogato preteklost. Njihove korenine so globoko vsajene v madžarska tla. Po kulturi in jeziku so najraznovrstnejša hrvaška manjšina zunaj meja domovine. Vsaka etnična ...skupina Hrvatov na Madžarskem je avtohtona. Nekatere med njimi so se v madžarske kraje priselile v času prodora Turkov na hrvaška ozemlja ali v obdobju turške okupacije osrednjih delov takratne Ogrske, druge pa po osvoboditvi teh krajev izpod osmanske vladavine v obdobju od 15. do 18. stoletja.
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