El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una comparación entre las definiciones de persona en el Leviatán de Hobbes de la edición inglesa de 1651 y de la edición latina de 1668. Para ello, ...tendremos en cuenta los posibles cambios que se hayan podido producir en la definición de persona con la publicación del De Homine en 1658, mostrando la importancia que tienen las constantes referencias al teatro en este proceso. Finalmente, intentaremos sugerir la hipótesis de que la persona natural en Hobbes es siempre una construcción artificial.
This book is about the ways in which experiments can be employed in the context of research on learning technologies and child–computer interaction (CCI). It is directed at researchers, supporting ...them to employ experimental studies while increasing their quality and rigor. The book provides a complete and comprehensive description on how to design, implement, and report experiments, with a focus on and examples from CCI and learning technology research. The topics covered include an introduction to CCI and learning technologies as interdisciplinary fields of research, how to design educational interfaces and visualizations that support experimental studies, the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of experiments, methodological decisions in designing and conducting experiments (e.g. devising hypotheses and selecting measures), and the reporting of results. As well, a brief introduction on how contemporary advances in data science, artificial intelligence, and sensor data have impacted learning technology and CCI research is presented. The book details three important issues that a learning technology and CCI researcher needs to be aware of: the importance of the context, ethical considerations, and working with children. The motivation behind and emphasis of this book is helping prospective CCI and learning technology researchers (a) to evaluate the circumstances that favor (or do not favor) the use of experiments, (b) to make the necessary methodological decisions about the type and features of the experiment, (c) to design the necessary “artifacts” (e.g., prototype systems, interfaces, materials, and procedures), (d) to operationalize and conduct experimental procedures to minimize potential bias, and (e) to report the results of their studies for successful dissemination in top-tier venues (such as journals and conferences). This book is an open access publication.
•This study proposes a guideline to create a predictive persona by using data-mining predictive algorithms.•The proposed method aims to improve the accuracy and credibility of personas.•We discuss ...the strengths, weaknesses, and using scenarios of each types of persona creating methods.
A persona is a widely used tool in the design field to help understand users’ needs, experiences, behaviors, and goals. Quantitatively creating personas is gaining importance for its greater representability, objectivity, and fast creative speed. However, quantitative personas built using traditional statistical methods may not reflect the marketing goals of decision-makers, and they mainly focus on categorizing existing users rather than predicting target customers. To address the research gap, this study proposes a guideline to create a predictive persona by using data-mining algorithms resulting in personas that can be validated. The proposed method aims to improve the accuracy and credibility of personas to effectively predict new customers for target marketing. We demonstrate a step-by-step guideline for creating the proposed predictive persona using real user data, validating its credibility, and comparing its predictive power against traditional quantitative personas. We thoroughly discuss the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative personas, traditional quantitative personas, and predictive personas while portraying suitable scenarios in which each type of persona is appropriate.
•Deepfake personas carry uncanniness that lower their usability in design tasks.•Persona modality has a great effect on persona perception in design tasks.•Classic persona profile is perceived more ...natural in design tasks than deepfakes.•Deepfakes are a potential future media for personas in design tasks.
Deepfakes, realistic portrayals of people that do not exist, have garnered interest in research and industry. Yet, the contributions of deepfake technology to human-computer interaction remain unclear. One possible value of deepfake technology is to create more immersive user personas. To test this premise, we use a commercial-grade service to generate three deepfake personas (DFs). We also create counterparts of the same persona in two traditional modalities: classic and narrative personas. We then investigate how persona modality affects the perceptions and task performance of the persona user. Our findings show that the DFs were perceived as less empathetic, credible, complete, clear, and immersive than other modalities. Participants also indicated less willingness to use the DFs and less sense of control, but there were no differences in task performance. We also found a strong correlation between the uncanny valley effect and other user perceptions, implying that the tested deepfake technology might lack maturity for personas, negatively affecting user experience. Designers might also be accustomed to using traditional persona profiles. Further research is needed to investigate the potential and downsides of DFs.
Los resultados de los estudios evacuados en materia de política criminal han evidenciado la necesidad de realizar verdaderas reformas legislativas a nivel interno y en materia de cooperación ...internacional con el fin de contrarrestar el impacto negativo que en materia delincuencial vienen mostrando los riesgos derivados de la creación de empresas que se sirven de su poder económico para vulnerar bienes colectivos y de interés para los Estados. El derecho administrativo sancionador se ha mostrado ineficiente frente a los retos propuestos por estas personas jurídicas, quienes han utilizado a las distintas formas de asociación para ofrecer una “fachada” de legalidad y perpetrar conductas desviadas en el seno de la sociedad. Por esta razón se muestra como razonable efectuar ingentes esfuerzos por utilizar la ductilidad del derecho y armonizarlo con la realidad social, implementando para el efecto un sistema propio de imputación penal para las personas jurídicas o empresariales.
•Using bibliometric methods, the main factors affecting the safety of truck drivers in terms of drivers, vehicles, roads, environment, and management were comprehensively sorted out.•This paper ...summarizes the method of constructing a user persona and proposes a theoretical framework for a truck driver persona.•Current management interventions are reviewed and intervention processes and methods covering pre-post, in-transit and on-post sessions are proposed.•This paper summarizes the limitations of the existing research base and proposes future directions for research.
The trucking industry urgently requires comprehensive methods to evaluate driver safety, given the high incidence of serious traffic accidents involving trucks. The concept of a “truck driver persona” emerges as a crucial tool in enhancing driver safety and enabling precise management of road transportation safety. Currently, the road transport sector is only beginning to adopt the user persona approach, and thus the development of such personas for road transport remains an exploratory endeavor. This paper delves into three key aspects: identifying safety risk characteristic parameters, exploring methods for constructing personas and designing safety management interventions. Initially, bibliometric methods are employed to analyze safety risk factors across five domains: truck drivers, vehicles, roads, the environment, and management. This analysis provides the variables necessary to develop personas for road transportation drivers. Existing methods for constructing user personas are then reviewed, with a particular focus on their application in the context of road transportation. Integrating contemporary ideas in persona creation, we propose a framework for developing safety risk personas specific to road transportation drivers. These personas are intended to inform and guide safety management interventions. Moreover, the four stages of driver post-evaluation are integrated into the persona development process, outlining tailored safety management interventions for each stage: pre-post, pre-transit, in-transit, and on-post. These interventions are designed to be orderly and finely tuned. Lastly, we offer optimization recommendations and suggest future research directions based on safety risk factors, persona construction, and safety management interventions. Overall this paper presents a safety management-oriented research technology system for constructing safety risk personas for truck drivers. We argue that improving the design of the persona index system, driven by big data, and encompassing the entire driver duty cycle—from pre-post to on-post—will significantly enhance truck driver safety. This represents a vital direction for future development in the field.
Although quite natural for human beings to communicate based on their own personality in daily life, it is rather challenging for neural dialog systems to do the same. This is because the general ...dialog systems are difficult to generate diverse responses while at the same time maintaining consistent persona information. Existing methods basically focus on merely one of them, ignoring either of them will reduce the quality of dialog. In this work, we propose a two-stage generation framework to promote the persona-consistency and diversity of responses. In the first stage, we propose a persona-guided conditional variational autoencoder (persona-guided CVAE) to generate diverse responses, and the main difference when compared with general CVAE-based model is that we use additional dialog attribute to assist the latent variables to encode the effective information in the response and further use it as a guiding vector for response generation. In the second stage, we employ persona-consistency checking module and the response rewriting module to mask the inconsistent word in the generated response prototype and rewrite it to more consistent. Automatic evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed model is able to generate diverse and persona-consistent responses.
The encounter of “personalized experiences”—targeted advertisements, tailored information feeds, and “recommended” content, among other things—is now a common and somewhat inescapable component of ...digital life. More often than not however, “you” the user are not primarily responsible for personalizing your web engagements: instead, with the help of your search, browsing, and purchase histories, your “likes,” your click-throughs, and a multitude of other data you produce as you go about your day, your experience can “conveniently”—and computationally—be personalized on your behalf. This book explores a host of new questions that emerge from web users’ encounters with these forms of algorithmic personalization. What do users “know” about the algorithms that apparently “know” them? If personalization practices seek to act on users’ behalf (for instance, by deciding what content is personally relevant), then how do users retain or relinquish their autonomy? Indeed, what kinds of selfhoods are made possible when personalization algorithms intervene in identity construction? Making It Personal is the first full-length monograph to critically analyze the sociocultural implications of algorithmic personalization through the accounts and testimonies of web users themselves. At the heart of the book are interviews and focus groups with web users who—through a myriad of resistant, tactical, resigned, or trusting engagements—encounter algorithmic personalization as part of their lived experience on the web. The book proposes that for those who encounter it, algorithmic personalization creates new implications for knowledge production, autonomy, cultural capital, and formations of self.
