In automotive industry there are few information about the load of a car in use. Therefore, the available data needs to be used and looked at carefully. Data that is nearly always available is the ...time in field, given by the date of registration and the date when failure occurred, and the driving distance. The driving distance can be used to describe the load of a car because in most cases the operating time is not known. This data can be used to calculate the mileage distribution of a car, which contains much additional information for safety and reliability analysis. Furthermore, it is useful to adopt testing routines and lifetime distances that are written down in specifications.
Przemysł samochodowy nie posiada wielu danych o obciążeniu eksploatowanego samochodu, a zatem należy korzystać z tych danych, które posiadamy i dokładnie się im przyglądać. Danymi, które są zawsze dostępne, jest czas eksploatacji określony przez datę rejestracji i datę awarii oraz przejechany kilometraż. Przejechana odległość może służyć do określenia obciążenia samochodu, ponieważ czas jego użytkowania jest w większości wypadków nieznany. Parametr ten może posłużyć do obliczenia rozkładu przebiegu samochodu, który zawiera wiele dodatkowych informacji przydatnych w analizie bezpieczeństwa i niezawodności. Ponadto ma on zanaczenie w przyjęciu programów badań okresowych i formułowaniu założeń dotyczących trwałości/ całowitego przebiegu.
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Ostrzeżenie przed siła żywiołów. Będzie padać, będzie grzmieć może padać nawet grad. W niektórych ...częściach kraju woda w rzekach może przekroczyć stany alarmowe. Sierpniowa niespokojna pogoda da się we znaki mieszkańcom Polski.- Extended description:- Information:
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U članku se razmatraju rezultati prognoze temperature zraka pomoću četiri kratkoročna i dva dugoročna numerička modela prognoze vremena. Analiza je obuhvatila rezultate simulacija modela od siječnja ...2015. do siječnja 2016., koji su uspoređeni s podacima 14 meteoroloških postaja u Poljskoj. Usporedba je izrađena na temelju najčešće korištenih mjera za kontinuirane parametre, tj ME (srednja pogreška), MAE (srednja apsolutna pogreška), RMSE (korijen srednje kvadratne pogreške), MSE (srednja kvadratna pogreška), BIAS i Pearsonova korelacija. Za ovako kratak vremenski interval, u kontekstu vrijednosti MAE, RMSE, MSE i korelacije, najbolji rezultati dobiveni su ujedinjenim modelom, iako su utvrđene razlike među modelima male. Svi modeli su u prognostičkom vremenu od 0 do 72 h dostigli korelaciju od 0,95 do 0,97 i MAE u rasponu od 1,5 °C do 2,1 °C. U slučaju dugoročnih prognoza model HIRLAM bio je nešto bolji od GFS modela. Jasno je da u oba slučaja dolazi do znatnog smanjenja kvalitete nakon četvrtog i sljedećih prognostičkih dana.
In order to have effective agricultural production the impacts of drought must be mitigated. An important aspect of mitigating the impacts of drought is an effective method of forecasting future ...drought events. In this study, three methods of forecasting short-term drought for short lead times are explored in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was the drought index chosen to represent drought in the basin. The following machine learning techniques were explored in this study: artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector regression (SVR), and coupled wavelet-ANNs, which pre-process input data using wavelet analysis (WA). The forecast results of all three methods were compared using two performance measures (RMSE and R
). The forecast results of this study indicate that the coupled wavelet neural network (WA-ANN) models were the most accurate models for forecasting SPI 3 (3-month SPI) and SPI 6 (6-month SPI) values over lead times of 1 and 3 months in the Awash River Basin in Ethiopia.
Efektywna gospodarka rolna, uzyskanie dużych plonów wymaga prowadzenia działań w celu ograniczenia niekorzystnego wpływu suszy. Ważnym czynnikiem ograniczania skutków suszy jest efektywna i możliwie precyzyjna metoda przewidywania suszy. W artykule przedstawiono trzy metody prognozowania suszy w okresach krótkoterminowych, które zostały zastosowane w zlewni rzeki Awash w Etiopii. Do kwantyfikacji suszy zastosowano wskaźnik standaryzowanego opadu (SPI). Zastosowane zostały następujące samouczące się metody: sztuczne sieci neuronowe (ANNs), regresje wektorowe (SVR) oraz połączenie ANNs z analizą falową (WA), którą zastosowano do wstępnej obróbki danych. Ocenę prognozy dokonano stosując dwa mierniki - RMSE i R
. Na podstawie obliczeń stwierdzono, że połączona metoda analizy falowej z siecią neutronową (WA-ANN) jest najdokładniejsza w prognozowaniu wartości SPI 3 (3-miesięczne SPI) i SPI 6 (6-miesięczne SPI) w okresie 1 i 3 miesiące naprzód w zlewni rzeki Awash.
Karcinom dojke u trudnoći Andrašek, Iva; Alvir, Ilija; Beketić-Orešković, Lidija
Libri Oncologici,
01/2019, Volume:
46, Issue:
2-3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Karcinom dojke povezan s trudnoćom teški je psihosocijalni i zdravstveni problem za pacijenticu i zahtjeva individualni multidisciplinarni pristup liječenju. Zbog potrebe za agresivnim onkološkim ...liječenjem, uz minimalne štetne utjecaje na rastući fetus, provode se brojne studije, čiji je zadatak pronaći optimalan protokol, vodeći se interesom i majke i djeteta. Zbog fizioloških promjena dojke tijekom trudnoće, može doći do kašnjenja u postavljanju dijagnoze karcinoma dojke i samim time višeg stadija bolesti pri inicijalnoj prezentaciji. Prekid trudnoće zbog dijagnoze karcinoma dojke nije mijenjao prognozu bolesti, a dugogodišnje studije nisu pokazale višu učestalost zloćudnih bolesti u djece intrauterino izložene kemoterapiji,
u odnosu na opću populaciju. Iako su podaci o prognozi tih bolesnica kontroverzni, ipak većina novih studija nije ustanovila lošiji ishod u odnosu na bolesnice s karcinomom dojke nepovezanim sa trudnoćom.
This article presents the research which aim was to construct forecasts of an employment rate of older workers in Poland for next few years. The time - area analogy method was use in this study and ...brought high credibility forecasts of the employment rate based on analogies between Poland and UE countries in research phenomenon
Artykuł prezentuje badanie, którego celem było skonstruowanie prognoz wskaźnika zatrudnienia starszych pracowników w Polsce na najbliższe lata. Do postawienia wiarygodnych prognoz użyto metody analogii przestrzenno - czasowych i wykorzystano analogie w kształtowaniu się badanego zjawiska miedzy Polską a krajami UE.
O potrebi i svrsishodnosti uvođenja pojedine nerazvrstane luke u županijski lučki sustav kontinuirano se među znanstvenicima, stručnjacima, ali i među samim korisnicima morskih luka vodi rasprava. ...Osnovna dilema koja se kod luka otvorenih za javni promet županijskog i lokalnog značaja pritom javlja, je pitanje treba li izdvojena sidrišta, a posebno privezišta uključiti u pravni i gospodarski režim luka otvorenih za javni promet županijskog i lokalnog značaja. Stoga osnovna svrha ovoga znanstvenog rada je istaknuti korake potrebne za provođenje postupka legalizacije, odnosno razvrstaja, tih morskih luka te definirati aktivnosti potrebne za njihovo komercijalno korištenje. Predmet istraživanja u ovome radu su novorazvrstane županijske morske luke, a težište istraživanja bazira se na utvrđivanju aktivnosti i čimbenika za njihovo komercijalno korištenje i uspješnu implementaciju u županijski lučki sustav.
This study aimed to investigate the expressions of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP1) and β-catenin in cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and to explore the ...relationship between both proteins and the prognosis of cervical cancer. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the protein expressions of sFRP1 and β-catenin in cervical cancer (n=78), CIN (n=30) and normal cervical tissues (n=20), and the relationships of sFRP1 and β-catenin with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of cervical cancer were analyzed. The positive rate of sFRP1 was 100%, 70% and 33.3% in the normal cervical tissues, CIN and cervical cancer, respectively (P<0.05). The sFRP1 expression was positively correlated with the stage of cervical cancer and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients positive for sFRP1 than in those negative for sFRP1 (P<0.05). The rate of abnormal β-catenin expression in the normal cervical tissues, CIN and cervical cancer was 5%, 43.3% and 70.5%, respectively (P<0.05). The abnormal β-catenin expression was positively correlated with the stage of cervical cancer, lymphatic metastasis and pathological grade (P<0.05). The 5-year survival rate was markedly higher in patients with normal β-catenin expression than in those with abnormal β-catenin expression (P<0.05). The sFRP1 expression was negatively related to the β-catenin expression in cervical cancer (r = -0.557, P<0.001). Both sFRP1 and β-catenin play important roles in the initiation and development of cervical cancer, and both proteins can be used as indicators predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer.
U ovoj studiji ispitivana je ekspresija sFRP1 i β-katenina u karcinomu grlića materice i cervikalnoj intra-epitelnoj neoplaziji (CIN), kao i odnos između ova dva proteina i prognoze u karcinomu grlića materice. Imunohisto-hemijskim putem utvrđena je ekspresija proteina sFRP1 i β-katenina u karcinomu grlića materice (n=78), CIN (n=30) i zdravom cervikalnom tkivu (n=20). Analizirana je povezanost sFRP1 i β-katenina sa kliničko-patološkim karakteristikama i prognozom u karcinomu grlića materice. Pozitivna stopa sFRP1 bila je 100%, 70% i 33,3% u zdravim cervikalnim tkivima, CIN i karcinomu grlića materice (p<0,05). Ekspresija sFRP1 pozitivno je korelisala sa stadijumom karcinoma grlića materice i limfnim metastazama (p<0,05). Stopa petogodišnjeg preživljavanja bila je značajno viša kod pacijenata pozitivnih na sFRP1 nego kod onih kod kojih je sFRP1 bio negativan (p<0,05). Stopa abnormalne ekspresije β-katenina u zdravim cervikalnim tkivima, CIN i karcinomu grlića materice bila je 5%, 43,3% i 70,5% (p<0,05). Abnormalna ekspresija β-katenina bila je u pozitivnoj korelaciji sa stadijumom karcinoma grlića materice, limfnim metastazama i patološkim stepenom (p<0,05). Stopa peto-godišnjeg preživljavanja bila je izrazito viša kod pacijenata sa normalnom ekspresijom β-katenina u odnosu na one sa abnormalnom ekspresijom β-katenina (p<0,05). Ekspresija sFRP1 bila je u negativnom odnosu sa ekspresijom β-katenina u karcinomu grlića materice (r= -0,557, p<0,01). I sFRP1 i β-katenin igraju važne uloge u nastanku i razvoju karcinoma grlića materice i oba proteina se mogu upotrebljavati kao pokazatelji u predviđanju prognoze kod obolelih od karcinoma grlića materice.
The study describes the surplus of straw that can be managed in an alternative way in Poland. The aim of the study is the analysis of straw balance differentiation at the country level in 2010-2014, ...taking into account the forecast of agricultural production in Poland to the year 2030, which was developed in IUNG-PIB. The average result from the last past 5 years indicates, that approximately 11.4 million tons of straw can be allocated for energy purposes across the country. Moreover, according to a 2020 forecast, 12.5 million tons surplus of straw is expected for alternative purposes management, while in 2030, even the 13.7 million tons.
In order to study the prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and lipoprotein (a) Lp(a) in patients receiving emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following ...acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we retrospectively reviewed 118 patients who received emergency PCI following AMI from January 2007 to April 2010. The plasma levels of hsCRP and Lp(a) were determined. The incidence of cardiovascular events was compared between patients with an elevated hsCRP level and those with a normal hsCRP level and between patients with an elevated Lp(a) level and those with a normal Lp(a) level. Results showed that the incidence of cardiovascular events was 52.9% in the hsCRP-elevated group and 18.2% in the hsCRP-normal group displaying a significant difference (P=0.011). However, the incidence of cardiovascular events was 35.3% in the Lp(a)-elevated group and 46.4% in the Lp(a)-normal group and statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (P=0.733). HsCRP, but not Lp(a), can serve as a prognostic factor for patients receiving emergency PCI following AMI.
Kako bi se utvrdila prognostička vrednost visokoosetljivog C-reaktivnog proteina (hsCRP) i lipoproteina (a) Lp(a) kod pacijenata podvrgnutih hitnoj perkutanoj koronarnoj intervenciji (PKI) posle akutnog infarkta miokarda (AIM), retrospektivno je analizirano 118 pacijenata podvrgnutih hitnoj PKI posle AIM između januara 2007. i aprila 2010. Određeni su nivoi hsCRP i Lp(a) u plazmi. Upoređena je incidenca kardiovaskularnih događaja kod pacijenata sa povišenim nivoom hsCRP i onih sa normalnim nivoom hsCRP, kao i između pacijenata sa povišenim nivoom Lp(a) i onih sa normalnim nivoom Lp(a). Rezultati su pokazali da je incidenca kardiovaskularnih događaja bila 52,9% u grupi sa povišenim hsCRP i 18,2% u grupi sa normalnim hsCRP, što je ukazalo na značajnu razliku (P=0,011). Međutim, incidenca kardiovaskularnih događaja bila je 35,3% u grupi sa povišenim Lp(a) i 46,4% u grupi sa normalnim Lp(a), a statistička analiza nije otkrila značajnu razliku (P=0,733). HsCRP, ali ne i Lp(a), može poslužiti kao prognostički faktor kod pacijenata podvrgnutih hitnoj PKI posle AIM.
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