Društva za tjelovježbu u Hrvatskoj se osnivaju od kraja 19. stoljeća, točnije, od 1874, kada je osnovano prvo sokolsko društvo u Zagrebu. Uz osnivanje društva potrebno je donijeti pravila po kojima ...bi ono funkcioniralo. No, samo manji je broj pravila sačuvan. U ovom su članku prvi put objavljena Pravila Društva za tjelovježbu Hrvatski sokol u Čazmi. Napisana su 1912, a potvrđena 21. siječnja 1913. od strane Kraljevske hrvatsko-slavonsko-dalmatinske zemaljske vlade, Odjela za unutarnje poslove u Zagrebu.
The Sokol gymnastics movement was both in numbers and in spatial range one of the largest voluntary associations in interwar Yugoslavia. It was very active and visible, through numerous public ...activities at the local, regional, national and even international level, prestigious new halls and regular publications and media presence. In giving a historical overview of the Sokol movement against the background of interwar Yugoslav state-building, this article focusses on the politicisation and state incorporation of the association. During the 1920s, the Sokol served as a proxy for local and regional political struggles between centralist and decentralist parties in the Croatian part of the country. Under the Royal Dictatorship, the Sokol movement developed into a compulsory and state-controlled institution for physical and national education. This article argues that the incorporation of the Sokol movement in the state-controlled civil sphere was not a one-directional development. The Sokol movement itself made use of the central state's predisposition towards state control over associative culture for internal institutional purposes. In the process, however, the social position of the Sokol movement transformed from a voluntary association that could mediate between state and society into an exclusive marker of loyalty to nation and state.
The basis of the Sokol movement in Europe in the nineteenth century was as a result of a number of social, political, and institutional phenomena, as well as changes in the fields of education, ...culture and customs. Development of medical and pedagogical knowledge was an important factor for progress in physical education in the nineteenth century, but also in the forming of the Sokol Gymnastics Society. The inspiration for Sokol within Polish territory was the then gymnastic systems, and the earlier formed Czech Gymnastics Society. However, a significant factor certainly was the political and social situation within former Poland.
The monograph deals with the formation and evolution of the oldest Sokol association in Moravia. It describes the difficult beginnings of the incipient Sokol movement in a Germanised environment ...where disputes and animosities hindered development of the Czech gymnastics movement. The resulting picture is much more complex than the general public knows. The author analyses the importance and role of gymnastics and sports in Czech national emancipation. The book covers the period from the 1860s to 1938. In her text, the author also offers a glimpse into the social, ideological and political developments in Brno – known then as the “Moravian Manchester” – in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The book contains photographs and citations from contemporary sources.
Thematic justification. The Ukrainian Sokil movement in the emigration has become one of the unifying factors of Ukrainian people. Ideology, conservation of traditions, language and culture, high ...level of organizational-educational, physical culture and sports activities has become the key to recognition of The Ukrainian Sokil movement by the international community abroad. The aim of the work is to carry out the historical and theoretical analysis of the emerging conditions of the Ukrainian Sokil movement abroad and to identify the features of its activity. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, historical-logical and chronological methods. Research results. Ukrainian diaspora has made a great contribution to the establishment of Sokil movement in the emigration. Czechoslovakia, the USA, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Germany, France, Switzerland, etc. were significant centres of the development of Ukrainian community abroad. The activity of the Sokil movement was characterized by national patriotic education, conservation of Ukrainian traditions and culture, public sporting and educational events. Conclusions. The activity of the Ukrainian Sokil movement abroad was a vivid expression of the cooperation of Ukrainians in the emigration, their unification around the idea of state-creation and the upbringing of a patriotic conscious nation in close connection with the gymnastic-sports movement and international geopolitical processes.
The Gymnastic Society “Sokol” (“Falcon”) (hereinafter: GS “Sokol”) was the first and for several years the only Polish organisation to obtain a permission from the authorities of the partitioning ...states to carry out its activities during the period of partitions. The first falcon nest was established in Lviv in 1867, with further nests being set up in the cities of the Austrian, Prussian and later Russian partitions. Although – as the name suggested – the GS “Sokoł” was a gymnastic association, other forms of activity also played a significant role in its programme of activity. Singing, reading and caring circles were formed in the nests and members of the GS “Sokoł” participated in religious and patriotic ceremonies, thus cultivating Polish national traditions. Evenings and rallies were organised, commemorating religious holidays and important events in the history of the Polish nation, which reminded us of common goals and ideals during the period of national captivity. “Sokol” took on the duty of teaching native speech and native history. The scope and nature of the patriotic and religious activity of the GS “Sokol” was best evidenced by the National Commandments and the National Sins which were contrasted with them. Their very name and number indicated deep religiousness of the falcons. It derived not only from the authentic faith of the members of the GS “Sokol” but from the ideology of the movement. In the tragic historical moments of national captivity they placed their hope in God and found solace in prayer. All Sokol celebrations as well as everyday activities of the GS “Sokol” were of a patriotic-religious nature.
Prateći život fra Bernardina Sokola od njegova rođenja pa do nasilne smrti, u radu ćemo se upoznati s veličinom nadarenog franjevca. U prvom dijelu govori se o životu fra Bernardina Sokola, njegovu ...obrazovnom putu koji ga je učinio velikim glazbenim umjetnikom. Govorimo o njegovoj mučeničkoj smrti i životnom štovanju sestre Marije Celine od Prikazanja. U središnjem dijelu govor je Sokolovoj posvećenosti glazbi iz koje nastaje njegov veliki stvaralački skladateljski opus. Stoga je donesen kratak prikaz njegovih misa i veliki broj crkvenih skladbi koje je Sokol posvetio Majci Božjoj, Isusu i drugim svetcima. Skladao je i svjetovne skladbe od kojih je dio namijenio mješovitim zborovima, a drugi dio namijenjen je djeci i objavljen pod nazivom Glazbeni monolozi. Skladateljski mu je opus obilježen i Angelusima, a okušao se i u instrumentalnim skladbama. Također iznimno je tijekom cijeloga života bio i dobar glazbeni pedagog i izdavač. Konačno, u trećem dijelu obrađena je tema koju smo nazvali „prekid šutnje“ koja je nastala nakon njegove smrti. „Ponovno rođenje“ jednoga čestitog franjevca dolazi s uspostavom slobodne i neovisne države Hrvatske kada se počinje ponovno spominjati ime i izvoditi djela fra Bernardina Sokola. Manifestacija Sokolovi dani bio je izniman događaj koji je otkrio mnoge Istine o osobi i djelu poznatog franjevca glazbenika.
Following the life of Fr. Bernardin Sokol from his birth until his violent death, in this paper we shall learn about the greatness of the gifted Franciscan. The first part talks about the life of Fr. Bernardin Sokol, and his education that made him a skilled musician. We shall see some circumstances of his martyrdom. In the central part, we are describing Fr. Bernardin’s dedication to music, from which his compositional opus is born. Within that opus, his masses and a large number of church compositions, dedicated to the Mother of God, the Lord Jesus and other saints, are presented. Sokol also composed secular compositions, part of which was intended for mixed choirs, and the other part was intended for children and was published under the title Musical Monologues. His secular compositional opus was marked by the Angelus, and he also tried his hand at instrumental compositions. The whole life of Fr. Bernardin Sokol is also related to teaching and publishing activities. Finally, the third part deals with the topic we have called “breaking the silence” that arose after his death. The rebirth of the virtuous Franciscan comes with the establishment of the free and independent state of Croatia, when the name and works of Fr. Bernardin Sokol begin to be mentioned again. The cultural event Sokolovi dani (Sokol’s Days) was an exceptional event that revealed many true facts about the person and work of the famous Franciscan and musician.
Olympic VERSUS SOKOL MOVEMENT Strachová, Milena; Sekot, Aleš
Studia sportiva,
2022, Volume:
16, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Contemporary sport in all its many-sided forms and levels is in the first line determined by global dynamic developmment of consumerist society oriented to economic prseperity, top performance, ...personal success, social admiration, unique uncomparable experience. The many sided world of sport is strongly reflected just now the pravailing etos of global drift, as well by the local cultural development of given sociaty. An essayistic comparasion of olympics as the reflection of top level of global sport on one side and and value etos of Sokol movement of other side, is specific contribution to the better understanding of different value roots and aiming, sense and objectives of sport(s) in our cultural context. At the contemporaty time of postmodern society, the Olympic Games are the most unique and most watched two-week sporting event of the best athletes in an ever-expanding range of traditional and new sports in the world. In the context of the growing commercialization and scientification of sport, is worthwhile to confront , the ideological emphases and ethos of both the founders of the initiators of the modern Olympic Games and the founders of the unique physical education movemet Sokol. Miroslav Tyrš and his followers at the time (Kožíšek) rejected competitive sports. Competitive performance sports and participation in the Olympic Games were not in the spectrum of Sokol's interest. The Sokol values principles rejected the one-sidedness of the sports specialization with the pursuit of performances and victories. However, the later development of Sokol agreed with Coubertin's principle that Olympism is not a formal system, but a state of mind, a certain conception of life, a unique philosophy of life, a balance of physical fitness, will and spirit. Thus, in the development of Sokol and Olympism, there were culturally different emphasis on values, which today took the position of discussions about the meaning and mission of the top media-attractive elite sport, embodied primarily by the Olympic Games on the one hand and the movement for higher mass of sport in the sense of principle Sport for all on the other hand.
SOKOLSTVO U NIKŠIĆU Mališa Radović
Sport Mont,
05/2005, Volume:
III, Issue:
8-9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
This scholarly work is about “Sokolstvo” in NIKSIC. In introduction, the author gives a short description about a development »Sokostvo” in Niksic and around this town. This movement started to ...progress in Niksic after The First World War when “Socity of Sokolstvo” was created. “Companies of Sokolstvo” were appeared in the other places around Niksic. There are many information about these works in the old Montenegro newspapers.
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