The old discussion about ‘Market or State’ is obsolete. There will always have to be a mix of market and state. The only relevant question is what that mix should look like. How far do we have to let ...the market go its own way in order to create as much welfare possible for everyone? What is the responsibility of the government in creating welfare? These are difficult questions. But they are also the only interesting questions. That is why they are analysed in this book. The desired mix of market and state is anything but easy to bring about. It is a difficult and sometimes destructive process that is constantly in motion. There are periods in history in which the market gains in importance. During other periods the opposite occurs and the government is everywhere more dominant. The turning points in this pendulum swing typically seem to coincide with disruptive events that test the limits of market and state. Why we experience this dynamic is an important theme in this book. Will the market, which today is allocated a greater and greater role thanks to globalization, run up against its limits? Or do the financial crisis and growing income inequality show that we have already reached those limits? Do we have to brace ourselves for a rejection of the capitalist system? Are we returning to an economy in which the government is running the show? These are important questions this book seeks to answer.
Globalization, surely one of the most used and abused buzzwords of recent decades, describes a phenomenon that is typically considered to be a neutral and inevitable expansion of market forces across ...the planet. Nearly all economists, politicians, business leaders, and mainstream journalists view globalization as the natural result of economic development, and a beneficial one at that. But, as noted economist Martin Hart-Landsberg argues, this perception does not match the reality of globalization. The rise of transnational corporations and their global production chains was the result of intentional and political acts, decisions made at the highest levels of power. Their aim - to increase profits by seeking the cheapest sources of labor and raw materials - was facilitated through policy-making at the national and international levels, and was largely successful. But workers in every nation have paid the costs, in the form of increased inequality and poverty, the destruction of social welfare provisions and labor unions, and an erratic global economy prone to bubbles, busts, and crises. This book examines the historical record of globalization and restores agency to the capitalists, policy-makers, and politicians who worked to craft a regime of world-wide exploitation. It demolishes their neoliberal ideology - already on shaky ground after the 2008 financial crisis - and picks apart the record of trade agreements like NAFTA and institutions like the WTO. But, crucially, Hart- Landsberg also discusses alternatives to capitalist globalization, looking to examples such as South America's Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) for clues on how to build an international economy based on solidarity, social development, and shared prosperity.
Prehod v tržno gospodarstvo naj bi spodbudil k vlaganju v izobraževanje in usposabljanje zaposlenih, saj le ustrezno usposobljeni delavci prispevajo k povečanju produktivnosti podjetij in s tem ...konkurenčnosti na globalnih trgih. Ana liza statističnih podatkov o udeležbi zaposlenih v različnih programih izobraže vanja in usposabljanja nakazuje, da prihaja do oživljanja izobraževanja in usposabljanja zaposlenih, ki so ga prekinili procesi prestrukturiranja v začetku 90ih let, ob tem pa izrazito izstopajo razlike med gospodarskimi sektorji. Zaposleni v javnih storitvah in v finančnih, tehničnih in poslovnih storitvah so v privilegira nem položaju po dostopnosti do izobra ževalnih priložnosti, to velja tako za mo žnosti formalnega izobraževanja kot za sodelovanje v krajših oblikah strokovne ga izobraževanja in usposabljanja . Delo dajalci in zaposleni dajejo prednost vla ganju v krajše oblike, medtem ko se inte res za obiskovanje daljših programov, ki vodijo tudi k javno veljavnim listinam, celo zmanjšuje.
Globalna društvena i gospodarska zbilja dovode u pitanje ispravnost dosadašnjeg poimanja tržišta i zakonitosti koje unutar istog vladaju. Polazeći od argumentacije neodrživosti sadašnjeg tržnog ...modela, u radu se ističe neophodnost traženja novih rješenja, a jedno je od njih razvoj ekološkog-socijalnog tržnog gospodarstva. Upravo je ekološko-socijalno tržište mjesto na kojem se treba odvijati intenzivna razmjena koja bi, zadržavajući elemente ekonomskog racionalizma, poticala održivi razvoj kroz interakciju ponude i potražnje temeljene na ekološkoj i socijalnoj platformi. Pokretač je svakog tržnog gospodarstva, prije svega, težnja za stvaranjem profita, no ukoliko redefiniramo ulogu konkurentnosti, utoliko možemo stvoriti preduvjete za smanjenje jaza između interesa pojedinaca u obliku profita i društva u cjelini. Kada govorimo o održivoj konkurentnosti, tada prije svega mislimo na konkurentnost koja u sebi objedinjuje ključne čimbenike ekonomskog, društvenog i ekološkog rasta i razvoja, neophodne za uspostavljanje održivog sustava u kojem živimo i posredujemo robom i novcem. Indikatori održive konkurentnosti stoga su determinirani međuodnosom određenih varijabli unutar istih. Simulacijom utjecaja klasičnog tržišta i ekološko-socijalnog tržišta na kapacitet kupovne moći potrošača, u radu se razvija i predlaže primjena tržno-razvojnog dijamanta kao instrumenta za mjerenje održive konkurentnosti gospodarstva. Primjenom odabranih matematičkih jednadžbi definiraju se mogući indikatori konkurentnosti u modelu ekološko- socijalno tržne ekonomije, a čime se značajno pridonosi procesu implementacije koncepta održivog rasta i razvoja – sve na temeljima ekološko-socijalnog i tržnog gospodarstva.
Besedilo obravnava proces privatizacije stanovanj in urbane rehabilitacije v transformaciji srednjeevropskih mest. Spremembe zahtevajo obsežno privatizacijo podjetij, pa tudi zemljišč in stanovanj. ...Proces privatizacije stanovanj vključuje spremembe v lastništvu, upravljanju stanovanjskega fonda in nov sistem stanovanjskih financ, ki bodo vplivali na novo stanovanjsko izgradnjo, modernizacijo in rehabilitacijo obstoječega stanovanjskega fonda in bodo lahko privedle do soci- alnih in fizičnih sprememb v mestih. Vprašanje je, ali bo stanovanjska privatizacija v srednjeevropskih mestih vodila v boljše možnosti za rehabilitacijo ali pa bo obratno. The article deals with the process of housing privatisation and urban revitalisation in the transformation of Central European cities. Reforms require extensive privatisation of firms as well as land and housing. The process of housing privatisation includes changes in ownership, management of the housing stock and a new system of housing finances, which will affect new construction, modernisation and rehabilitation of the existing stock and can lead to social and physical changes in cities. The question is whether housing privatisation in Central European cities will lead to better chances for rehabilitation or just the opposite.
Avtorica obravnava proces »tranzicije« v stanovanjski sferi predvsem z vidika družine in otrok. Ugotavlja, da je prehodno obdobje zelo prizadelo prav najemni stanovanjski sektor in s tem tudi njegove ...potencialne uporabnike.
Za mesta v tranziciji je značilno, da se ne usmerjajo več s planskimi mehanizmi ne delujejo. V državah v tranziciji meso relevanten družbeni prostor. V mestu Ljubljana se nadaljujejo stihijski ...procesi stanovanjske gradnje iz preteklosti.
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