Objective
The DSM‐5 classification introduced new Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) diagnostic categories, notably Avoidant and Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), which, like other FED, can ...present psychiatric and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, paediatric clinical research that focuses on children below the age of 12 years remains scarce. The aim of this study was first to investigate the clinical features of FED in a cohort of children, second to compare them according to their recruitment (gastroenterology or psychiatry unit).
Method
This non‐interventional retrospective cohort study analysed 191 patients in a French paediatric tertiary care centre (gastroenterology n = 100, psychiatry n = 91). The main outcome variables were clinical data (type of FED, BMI, nutritional support, chronic diseases, psychiatric comorbidities, sensory, sleep, language disorders, gastrointestinal complaints, adverse life events, family history). The outcome was defined by a Clinical Global Impression of Change‐score.
Results
FED diagnoses were ARFID (n = 100), Unspecified FED (UFED, n = 57), anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 33) and one pica/rumination. Mean follow‐up was 3.28 years (SD 1.91). ARFID was associated with selective and sensory disorders (p < 0.001); they had more anxiety disorders than patients with UFED (p < 0.001). Patients with UFED had more chewing difficulties, language disorder (p < 0.001), and more FED related to chronic disease (p < 0.05) than patients with ARFID and AN. Patients with AN were female, underweight, referred exclusively to the psychiatrist, and had more depression than patients with ARFID and UFED (p < 0.001). The gastroenterology cohort included more UFED, while the psychiatry cohort included more psychiatric comorbidities (p < 0.001). A worse clinical outcome was associated with ARFID, a younger age at onset (p < 0.001), selective/sensory disorders and nutritional support (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
ARFID and UFED children were diagnosed either by gastroenterologists or psychiatrists. Due to frequently associated somatic and psychiatric comorbidities, children with FED should benefit from a multidisciplinary assessment and care.
Fraseologia juridica y variacion topolectal Tabares Plasencia, Encarnación
Onomazein : revista de linguística y traducción del Instituto de Letras de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile,
06/2016
33
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
La variación en el campo de la fraseología ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios en el ámbito de la lengua general. En cuanto a la fraseología de los textos especializados, ya, desde finales de los ...años noventa del siglo XX, ha habido voces que se han alzado para destacar la relevancia de atender a la variación fraseológica en los textos especializados en muchos ámbitos, entre ellos, el de la traducción especializada. En este trabajo se tratará la variación fraseológica jurídica desde el punto de vista topolectal en un corpus de sentencias de materia penal hispánicas. Para ello, en primer lugar, se aplicará a dicho corpus, para su validación, el modelo de clasificación de UFED (Unidades Fraseológicas del Derecho) de Tabares Plasencia (2012) y, en segundo lugar, se ofrecerá una muestra de la variación en los textos analizados, como primer paso para su sistematización con el fin de elaborar una base de datos de UFED de este género textual--ampliable a otros en el futuro--dirigida a traductores en la combinación lingüística alemán y español. Palabras clave: variación topolectal; fraseología; traducción; textos especializados; UFED. Variation in the field of phraseology has been the object of numerous studies of the common language. Since the last decade of the 20th century several investigations stressed the relevance of the phraseological variation in texts for special purposes in many fields, as for instance for specialized translation. In this paper the phraseological variation in legal texts is treated from a topolectal point of view in a cor pus consisting of sentences from Hispanic penal law. Firstly, the corpus is analyzed using the model introduced by Tabares Plasencia (2012). Secondly, a sample of variation in the analyzed texts is proposed in order to systematize this variation and to develop a database of PLU (Phraseological Legal Units) for this type of texts, applicable to other text types in the future, which is addressed to Spanish-German translators. Keywords: topolectal variation; phraselogy; translation; specialized texts; UFED.
This study compares the DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for eating disorders. DSM-IV resulted in a large number of patients being diagnosed with Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). ...In DSM-5 the residual category is renamed Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders (OSFED) and Unspecified Eating Disorders (UFED) however the diagnostic criteria for the residual category in each of the diagnostic systems remains the same. This study aims to evaluate the changes in percentages of patients in a residual DSM-IV category compared to a residual DSM-5 category by retrospectively applying DSM-5 criteria to the clinical records of a patient population in a clinical setting. It also aims to compare the psychopathology between the EDNOS and OSFED/UFED groups.
285 participants were recruited from a specialised eating disorder clinic in Australia over a 5-year period from 2009 until 2014. The clinical records of patients with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and EDNOS were retrospectively assessed using the DSM-5 criteria. All patients who had attended the clinic and received an eating disorder diagnosis during this period were included in the study. No patients were diagnosed with binge eating disorder during the study period. This is surprising given the prevalence of binge eating disorder in the community. It is possible that individuals with binge eating disorder were not referred to the clinic following the initial referral and assessment due to the lack of binge eating specific interventions available. The referral process may also have been skewed towards AN, BN and EDNOS due to a perception by referring parties that binge eating disorder was a 'milder' condition that did not require specialist intervention. Information in the clinical records included structured clinical interviews, and self-rating scales of eating disorder and other psychiatric symptoms and a longitudinal narrative of patient performance and attitude during observed meals.
We observed a 23.5% reduction in the diagnosis of OSFED/UFED with the implementation of DSM-5 compared to EDNOS with DSM-IV. The removal of Criterion D, amenorrhoea, was the leading cause for transition from EDNOS to AN.
DSM-5 has reduced the reliance on EDNOS. However this study was unable to examine the reliability of the new diagnostic criteria or the impact of DSM-5 on binge eating disorder.
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