Background and Originality: In our research we want to represent the advantages and disadvantages of scientific management and lean organisation. We selected four factors as the base for the analysis ...of advantages and disadvantages of scientific management and lean organisation: standardization of work, education of workers, division of labour and cooperation between management and workers. Method: As a method, we used text analysis that includes a critical analysis of different or conflicting perspectives on the principles of scientific management and lean organization. We searched for articles in the freely accessible Google Scholar scientific literature search engine. Results: Based on the studied literature, we found out that scientific management was successful because it satisfied most of the needs of the industrial society at the time. On the other hand, scientific management has limitations and decelerates innovative function in the modern industrial society. The principles of lean organisation supposed to dismiss the deficiencies of scientific management such as lack of motivation, monotonous work, and observation of human as a machine and non-compliance of human nature. However, it turned out that standardization of work, authorization of workers, lean management, teamwork and other factors of lean organisation also reaped similar critics as scientific management did. Society: The findings of this article may have theoretical and practical implications for those involved in running organizations. Limitations / further research: In the article, we discussed only the behaviorist aspect. Another limitation is the selected principles through which we observed the advantages and disadvantages of scientific management and lean organization. It would be interesting to extend the observation to other aspects and principles.
Uvod: Referenčna ambulanta je ambulanta z razširjenim timom, katere članica je diplomirana medicinska sestra, ki je opolnomočena s podiplomskim znanjem. Raziskava prikazuje izkušnje diplomiranih ...medicinskih sester z referenčnimi ambulantami, dosedanje izobraževanje, zadovoljstvo z delom v referenčni ambulanti ter potrebe po dodatnih veščinah, znanju, dopolnitvah in spremembah.
Metode: V raziskavi so sodelovale diplomirane medicinske sestre (n = 88) v referenčnih ambulantah iz 18 zdravstvenih domov. Strukturiran vprašalnik je vključeval demografska vprašanja in vprašanja, ki so se nanašala na zadovoljstvo diplomiranih medicinskih sester z delom in potrebo po izobraževanju. Zanesljivost instrumenta (Cronbach alfa) je bila 0,734. Uporabljeni so bili opisna statistika, hi-kvadrat test (χ2) in Fisherjev test.
Rezultati: Anketiranci so se strinjali, da z izobraževanjem pridobijo dodatna znanja (81,8 %), ki so koristna (73,9 %) in uporabna pri delu v referenčni ambulanti (72,7 %). Najbolj so se strinjali, da si izkušnje izmenjujejo s sodelavci (x̄ = 4,2) in da so bolniki zadovoljni z njihovim delom (x̄ = 4,2). Pri znanju anketirancev (χ2 = 20,734, p = 0,016) in predlogih izboljšav delovnega procesa (χ2 = 9,905, p = 0,007) so statistično pomembne razlike v povezavi s starostjo.
Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava pokaže, da so anketiranci delno zadovoljni na delovnem mestu. Treba bi bilo omogočiti napredovanje na delovnem mestu, dodatna izobraževanja, izboljšati informacijsko podporo in spodbujati podiplomsko izobraževanje.
The concept of health-promoting leadership focuses on the interaction between the organization and the individual by identifying components able to positively influence employees’ working conditions. ...In the present study, the effects of health-promoting leadership and transformational leadership on the employees’ recovery–stress balance are investigated. In an online study, 212 Slovenian workers were asked about their perceptions of their direct supervisors and their work-related stress and recovery. The results showed that both leadership styles have a significant effect on employees’ recovery at the workplace, which mediated the relationship between leadership and work-related stress.
Background. Leadership competences play an important role for the success of effective leadership. The purpose of this study was to examine leadership competences of managers in the healthcare sector ...in Slovenia.
Methods. Data were collected in 2008. The research included 265 employees in healthcare and 267 business managers. Respondents assessed their level of 16 leadership relevant competences on a 7-point Likert-type scale.
Results. Test of differences between competences and leader position of health care professionals yielded statistically significant differences between leader and non-leader positions. Leaders gave strongest emphasis to interpersonal and informational competences, while regarding decision making competences, the differences between leaders and other employees are not that significant. When comparing competences of healthcare managers with those of business managers, results show that healthcare managers tend to give weaker emphasis to competences related to all three managerial roles than business managers.
Conclusions. The study showed that in Slovenian health care, leaders distinguish themselves from other employees in some leadership competences. In addition, all three dimensions of leadership competences significantly distinguished the group of healthcare managers from the business managers, which indicates a serious lag in leadership competences among leaders in Slovenian healthcare
Izhodišča. Vodstvene kompetence igrajo pomembno vlogo pri zagotavljanju uspešnega vodenja. Namen obstoječe raziskave je bil preučiti vodstvene kompetence menedžerjev v slovenskem zdravstvu.
Metode. Podatki so bili zbrani leta 2008. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 265 zaposlenih v zdravstvu in 267 poslovnih menedžerjev. Anketiranci so ocenili svoja raven po 16 različnih vodstvenih kompetencah na 7-stopenjski Likertovi lestvici. Rezultati. Test razlik med kompetencami in vodstvenim položajem zaposlenih v zdravstvu je pokazal na statistično značilne razlike med vodji in drugimi zaposlenimi. Vodje so bolj poudarili medosebne in informacijske kompetence, medtem ko so razlike med vodji in drugimi zaposlenimi pri odločevalskih kompetencah manj izražene. Primerjava med kompetencami menedžerjev v zdravstvu in poslovnih menedžerjev je pokazala, da imajo menedžerji v zdravstvu manj poudarjene kompetence na vseh treh menedžerskih vlogah.
Zaključki. Raziskava je pokazala, da se vodje v slovenskem zdravstvu od drugih zaposlenih razlikujejo po nekaterih vodstvenih kompetencah. Menedžerji v zdravstvu pa se od poslovnih menedžerjev razlikujejo po vseh treh dimenzijah vodstvenih kompetenc, kar kaže na resno zaostajanje vodstvenih kompetenc menedžerjev v slovenskem zdravstvu
Prepares leaders for the 2020s—an accessible guide to the key technologies that will reshape business in the coming decade Most businesses identify six key digital technologies—artificial ...intelligence (AI), distributed ledgers and blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous machines, virtual and augmented reality, and 5G communication—as critical to their relevance and growth over the coming ten years. These new disruptive technologies present significant opportunity for businesses in every industry. The first businesses to understand automation and these transformative technologies will be the ones to reap the greatest rewards in the marketplace. The Innovation Ultimatum helps leaders understand the key technologies poised to reshape business in the next decade and prepare their organizations for technology-enabled change. Using straightforward, jargon-free language, this important resource provides a set of strategic questions every leader will need to ask and answer in order to prepare for the impending changes to the business landscape. Author Steve Brown shares his insights to help leaders take full advantage of the next wave of digital transformation and describes compelling examples of how businesses are already embracing new technologies to optimize operations, create new value, and serve customers in new ways. Written for anyone that wants to understand how automation and new technology will fundamentally restructure business, this book enables readers to: * Understand the implications of technology-driven change across industrial sectors * Apply important insights to their own business * Gain competitive advantage by implementing new technologies * Prepare for the future of work and understand the skills needed to thrive in a post-automation economy * Adopt critical digital technologies in any organization Providing invaluable cutting-edge content, The Innovation Ultimatum is a much- needed source of guidance and inspiration for business leaders, board members, C-suite executives, and senior managers who need to prepare their businesses for the future.
Prispevek na podlagi študije primera projekta AKTIV obravnava inovativno izobraževanje na področju kulture. Primer vključuje strategijo akcijskega raziskovanja in podpira procesno-razvojno ...postavljanje ciljev, kar pomeni, da se osredotoča na potrebe udeležencev in izhaja iz dejanskega stanja v družbi. Procesno-razvojno uresničevanje ciljev zahteva raziskovalni pristop in nenehno temeljno spraševanje o vsebinah, ki spodbujajo kritično razmišljanje. V članku opisujemo predavanja in delavnice v okviru projekta ter program simpozija AKTIV. Predstavljamo tudi ciljno skupino in jo primerjamo s populacijo udeležencev. V sklepnem delu so opredeljeni razlogi za uspešno izvedbo projekta ter vpliv na vključene. Interdisciplinarno delo podpira medskupinski dialog, ki ga opažamo kot pozitiven rezultat.
Theories of Team Cognition Salas, Eduardo; Fiore, Stephen M; Letsky, Michael P
2012, 20130617, 2011, 2013-06-17, 20120101
eBook
Cognitive processes in teams have been a valuable arena for team researchers to explore. Team cognition research advances and informs a variety of disciplines, including cognitive and social ...sciences, engineering, military science, organizational science, human factors, medicine, and communications. There has been a great deal of progress in the team cognition literature, yet the field is still in its early stages of maturity. There is much more to be gained from the field's insights and there is a need to unite the diverse array of scholarly ideas that permeate the field. This movement will serve to organize the research and ideas that have surfaced in the field, thereby making them more accessible to different disciplines while at the same time, motivating continued progress in the field. This book aims to be a step in this direction and acts as a forum for leading scholars to share their ideas, theories, models, and conceptions about what matters and where more attention is needed in the field of team cognition.
Health care reforms Marušič, Dorjan; Prevolnik Rupel, Valentina
Zdravstveno varstvo,
09/2016, Volume:
55, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
In large systems, such as health care, reforms are underway constantly. The article presents a definition of health care reform and factors that influence its success. The factors being discussed ...range from knowledgeable personnel, the role of involvement of international experts and all stakeholders in the country, the importance of electoral mandate and governmental support, leadership and clear and transparent communication. The goals set need to be clear, and it is helpful to have good data and analytical support in the process. Despite all debates and experiences, it is impossible to clearly define the best approach to tackle health care reform due to a different configuration of governance structure, political will and state of the economy in a country.
All humans have bias, and as a result, so do the institutions we build. Internationally sought after diversity consultant Tiffany Jana offers concrete ways for anyone to work against institutional ...bias no matter what their position is in an organization. Building upon the revelatory power of her book Overcoming Bias , which addressed managing individual and interpersonal bias, Erasing Institutional Bias scales up the framework to impact systemic change in organizations. Jana and coauthor Ashley Diaz Mejias bring together in-depth research on how biases become embedded into workplace cultures with practical and engaging tools that will mobilize readers toward action. They confront specific topics such as racism, sexism, hiring and advancement bias and retribution bias, meaning when organizations develop a culture of aggression, and offer solutions for identifying and controlling them. This book urges readers to ask questions such as, "Are we attempting to create systems in which all people can thrive? What kind of world and what kind of workplaces are we cultivating?" These questions, the authors say, must first be answered by ourselves, recognizing our own role in perpetuating harmful biases that come to define institutions. In a world divided, Erasing Institutional Bias is designed to raise awareness about imbalances and help us hold ourselves accountable for creating a world that works for everyone. Each of us can evaluate our own current role in perpetuating systemic bias and define our new role in breaking it down. Jana and Mejias inspire and equip us so that we can all affect organizational change, together.
Prispevek prinaša spoznanja o pomenu izobraževanja starejših odraslih za uspešno mentorstvo. Na kratko sta poudarjena pomen starejših odraslih in njihovega izobraževanja v sodobni družbi. Opredeljeno ...je mentorstvo kot oblika v izobraževanju starejših odraslih. Posebej pa smo se posvetili značilnostim, ki označujejo učinkovitega mentorja, kadar gre za skupinsko mentorstvo in v njem sodelujejo kot mentorji in kot mentoriranci starejše odrasle osebe. Izkazalo se je, da so mentorji kot vodje usmerjeni tako v doseganje ciljev kot tudi v vzdrževanje dobrih odnosov v skupini. Posebej se zavedajo tudi pomena stalnega lastnega profesionalnega razvoja ter evalvacije in samoevalvacije svojega mentorskega dela.
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