Inference of how evolutionary forces have shaped extant genetic diversity is a cornerstone of modern comparative sequence analysis. Advances in sequence generation and increased statistical ...sophistication of relevant methods now allow researchers to extract ever more evolutionary signal from the data, albeit at an increased computational cost. Here, we announce the release of Datamonkey 2.0, a completely re-engineered version of the Datamonkey web-server for analyzing evolutionary signatures in sequence data. For this endeavor, we leveraged recent developments in open-source libraries that facilitate interactive, robust, and scalable web application development. Datamonkey 2.0 provides a carefully curated collection of methods for interrogating coding-sequence alignments for imprints of natural selection, packaged as a responsive (i.e. can be viewed on tablet and mobile devices), fully interactive, and API-enabled web application. To complement Datamonkey 2.0, we additionally release HyPhy Vision, an accompanying JavaScript application for visualizing analysis results. HyPhy Vision can also be used separately from Datamonkey 2.0 to visualize locally executed HyPhy analyses. Together, Datamonkey 2.0 and HyPhy Vision showcase how scientific software development can benefit from general-purpose open-source frameworks. Datamonkey 2.0 is freely and publicly available at http://www.datamonkey.org, and the underlying codebase is available from https://github.com/veg/datamonkey-js.
Attacking Social Media via Behavior Poisoning Wu, Chenwang; Lian, Defu; Ge, Yong ...
ACM transactions on knowledge discovery from data,
08/2024, Volume:
18, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Since social media such as Facebook and X (formerly known as Twitter) have permeated various aspects of daily life, people have strong incentives to influence information dissemination on these ...platforms and differentiate their content from the fierce competition. Existing dissemination strategies typically employ marketing techniques, such as seeking publicity through renowned actors or targeted advertising placements. Despite their various forms, most simply spread information to strengthen user impressions without conducting formal analyses of specific influence enhancement. And coupled with high costs, most fall short of expectations. To this end, we ingeniously formulate the task of social media dissemination as poisoning attacks, which influence specified content’s dissemination among target users by intervening in some users’ social media behaviors (including retweeting, following, and profile modifying). Correspondingly, we propose a novel poisoning attack, Influence-based Social Media Attack (ISMA) to generate discrete poisoning behaviors, which is difficult to achieve with existing attacks. In ISMA, we first contribute an efficient influence evaluator to quantify the spread influence of poisoning behaviors. Based on the estimated influence, we then present an imperceptible hierarchical selector and a profile modification method ProMix to select influential behaviors to poison. Notably, our attack is driven by custom attack objectives, which allows one to flexibly design different optimization goals to change the information flow, which could solve the blindness of existing influence maximization methods. Besides, behaviors such as retweeting are gentle and simple to implement. These properties make our attack more cost-effective and practical. Extensive experiments on two large-scale real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method as it significantly outperforms baselines, and additionally, the proposed evaluator’s analysis of user influence provides new insights for influence maximization on social media.
The Basis Set Exchange (BSE) has been a prominent fixture in the quantum chemistry community. First publicly available in 2007, it is recognized by both users and basis set creators as the de facto ...source for information related to basis sets. This popular resource has been rewritten, utilizing modern software design and best practices. The basis set data has been separated into a stand-alone library with an accessible API, and the Web site has been updated to use the current generation of web development libraries. The general layout and workflow of the Web site is preserved, while helpful features requested by the user community have been added. Overall, this design should increase adaptability and lend itself well into the future as a dependable resource for the computational chemistry community. This article will discuss the decision to rewrite the BSE, the new architecture and design, and the new features that have been added.
Due to growing user demand, web application development is becoming increasingly complicated. Multiple programming languages along with the complex multi-tier architecture commonly involved in web ...application development contribute to the probability of programming mistakes. Such mistakes may cause serious security vulnerabilities, which can then be exploited by malicious users. Current classifications include a wide variety of web application vulnerabilities, such as SQL injections, Cross-Site Scripting and File Inclusion. Various different protections exist against attacks associated with these vulnerabilities making it difficult to apply a single universal solution. This paper takes an alternative view of the core root of the vulnerabilities. Based on the discovered common traits, a unified extensible context-based model of web applications is proposed. A concept of context is introduced and different attacks are reformulated in terms of context boundary violation. The proposed model can be used to implement a more universal web application protection suitable against different types of attacks.
Efficiency is one of the main keys for a company to be able to develop in the industrial era 4.0. In the manufacturing industry, such as company X, which still uses production records, it will be ...difficult for companies to obtain fast and accurate information. In this paper, an information system is designed and realized to record production processes and results and process them into information that can be used by companies to support decision making. This system is made using PHP language and the result is a web application. Information will be displayed in the form of tables and reports from the relevant documents. The designed information system can increase the efficiency of recording and processing production process information up to 2 (two) times.
Dental cavities represent a widespread oral health issue on a global scale, impacting individuals across all age groups. The conventional approach to detecting cavities involves a visual examination ...by dentists, which is not only time-consuming but also subjective. Current methods for dental cavity detection heavily rely on subjective visual inspections, which may overlook early or concealed cavities. In this research paper, we present CatchCavity, a web application tool that utilizes deep learning for cavity detection in teeth. The diagnostic tool enables users to upload dental images, facilitating the assessment of dental cavity status. Furthermore, the web application functions as an online dental diagnostic service, providing the capability to securely store patients’ dental records and information in a dedicated database. The system is trained on a dataset of annotated images and employs a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for accurate cavity detection. We evaluate the system's performance using metrics such as accuracy and loss. Our results showcase that the proposed system attains a high level of accuracy and efficiency in detecting dental cavities, achieving an overall accuracy of 98.7%. Additionally, our system surpasses traditional cavity detection methods, highlighting the possibility of deep learning approaches to enhance oral health outcomes.
Web application providers have been migrating their applications to cloud data centers, attracted by the emerging cloud computing paradigm. One of the appealing features of the cloud is elasticity. ...It allows cloud users to acquire or release computing resources on demand, which enables web application providers to automatically scale the resources provisioned to their applications without human intervention under a dynamic workload to minimize resource cost while satisfying Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this article, we comprehensively analyze the challenges that remain in auto-scaling web applications in clouds and review the developments in this field. We present a taxonomy of auto-scalers according to the identified challenges and key properties. We analyze the surveyed works and map them to the taxonomy to identify the weaknesses in this field. Moreover, based on the analysis, we propose new future directions that can be explored in this area.
•Real-word deployment and evaluation of a P2P energy market with 37 households.•Relatively stable use of the web application.•Heterogeneous user behavior and stated preferences indicate three user ...clusters.•Indications for increased load-shifting due to salience of renewable energy.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy markets are a widely discussed approach toward a sustainable energy supply that allows private owners of distributed energy resources (e.g., solar panels) and consuming households to trade energy directly without intermediaries. P2P energy markets are expected to contribute to a green, local, and fair energy system in the future. The approach implies a paradigm shift regarding the role of citizens who evolve from passive consumers into active market participants. While first existing research primarily focused on the technical feasibility of such scenarios, end users and their role in P2P markets have received little attention. The present article studies the behavior of 35 households and two commercial entities in Switzerland's first real-world P2P energy market. In this unique real-world setting, based on a mixed methods approach, we developed and deployed a web application and empirically studied interaction, acceptance, and participation in electricity pricing in this P2P energy market, using data from system logs, surveys, and interviews. The findings are threefold. First, the P2P energy market was well received among its users, indicated by comparably high and stable usage activity of the web application throughout the study (4.5 months). Second, users in the sample are heterogeneous; based on their engagement with the web application and their stated preferences, they can be categorized into those who want to actively set prices (30%); those who prefer automated prices determined by an information system (35%); and non-users/non-respondents to surveys (35%). Third, an analysis of interviews with nine households suggests that P2P energy markets may increase the salience of renewable energies and may promote load-shifting activities. Thus, the article provides empirical insights about the user behavior of households and their future role in decentralized energy scenarios.
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