17 juin 1940, l’occupation de Dijon débute. Très vite, de nombreux Dijonnais initient les premières manifestations du refus de la défaite et parmi eux, une famille du quartier Saint-Michel, les ...Grenier-Godard : Alphonse, ancien combattant de la Première Guerre mondiale, gazé sur le front d’Orient en 1917, Blanche, infirmière engagée dès septembre 1939 et leurs deux jeunes fils, René 15 ans et Jean 11 ans. Sous l’impulsion de Blanche, la cheffe de réseau, les activités clandestines se développent : évasions de prisonniers, faux papiers, passages de la ligne de démarcation, renseignements, aide aux juifs. Le réseau compte plus de 300 membres en 1942. Une femme, une famille, un quartier. Comment et pourquoi entrer en Résistance dès l’été 1940 ? Comment fonctionne une organisation clandestine des débuts de la Résistance ? Pourquoi le réseau Grenier-Godard, après avoir été honoré et récompensé, est-il tombé dans l’oubli ? Telles sont les questions auxquelles répond la présente monographie, afin que ce réseau dijonnais sorte enfin des limbes de l’Histoire.
Since unification, the Federal Republic of Germany has made vaunted efforts to make amends for the crimes of the Third Reich. Yet it remains the case that the demands for restitution by many ...countries that were occupied during the Second World War are unresolved, and recent demands from Greece and Poland have only reignited old debates. This book reconstructs the German occupation of Poland and Greece and gives a thorough accounting of these debates. Working from the perspective of international law, it deepens the scholarly discourse around the issue, clarifying the 'never-ending story' of German reparations policy and making a principled call for further action. A compilation of primary sources comprising 125 annotated key texts (512 pages) on the complexity of reparations discussions covering the period between 1941 and the end of 2017 is available for free on the Berghahn Books website, doi: 10.3167/9781800732575.dd.
Historical research can be enhanced by methods and resources from various disciplines, ranging from psychology to computer linguistics. With a creative and innovative perspective on »things we think ...we know«, Milan van Lange presents a computer-assisted historical investigation into the role of emotions in dealing with consequences of World War II in the Netherlands. By »emotion mining« digitised sources, van Lange shows where emotions were present and how they were expressed and discussed in the political engagement with people who experienced long-term effects of the war, such as former collaborators and war criminals, the resistance, and war victims.
In this transnational history of World War II, Kelly A. Hammond places Sino-Muslims at the center of imperial Japan's challenges to Chinese nation-building efforts. Revealing the little-known story ...of Japan's interest in Islam during its occupation of North China, Hammond shows how imperial Japanese aimed to defeat the Chinese Nationalists in winning the hearts and minds of Sino-Muslims, a vital minority population. Offering programs that presented themselves as protectors of Islam, the Japanese aimed to provide Muslims with a viable alternative-and, at the same time, to create new Muslim consumer markets that would, the Japanese hoped, act to subvert the existing global capitalist world order and destabilize the Soviets. This history can be told only by reinstating agency to Muslims in China who became active participants in the brokering and political jockeying between the Chinese Nationalists and the Japanese Empire. Hammond argues that the competition for their loyalty was central to the creation of the ethnoreligious identity of Muslims living on the Chinese mainland. Their wartime experience ultimately helped shape the formation of Sino-Muslims' religious identities within global Islamic networks, as well as their incorporation into the Chinese state, where the conditions of that incorporation remain unstable and contested to this day.
Wartime North Africa Boum, Aomar; Stein, Sarah Abrevaya
2021, 2022-07-05, 2022-08-09
eBook
This book, the first-ever collection of primary documents on North African history and the Holocaust, gives voice to the diversity of those involved-Muslims, Christians, and Jews; women, men, and ...children; black, brown, and white; the unknown and the notable; locals, refugees, the displaced, and the interned; soldiers, officers, bureaucrats, volunteer fighters, and the forcibly recruited. At times their calls are lofty, full of spiritual lamentation and political outrage. At others, they are humble, yearning for medicine, a cigarette, or a pair of shoes. Translated from French, Arabic, North African Judeo-Arabic, Spanish, Hebrew, Moroccan Darija, Tamazight (Berber), Italian, and Yiddish, or transcribed from their original English, these writings shed light on how war, occupation, race laws, internment, and Vichy French, Italian fascist, and German Nazi rule were experienced day by day across North Africa. Though some selections are drawn from published books, including memoirs, diaries, and collections of poetry, most have never been published before, nor previously translated into English. These human experiences, combined, make up the history of wartime North Africa.
Artykuł jest poświęcony działalności Juliusza Osterwy po II wojnie światowej, w latach 1944–1947. Autor charakteryzuje społeczną i artystyczną postawę Osterwy wobec nowej rzeczywistości i przypomina ...rolę, jaką odegrał on w odbudowywaniu polskiego teatru po wojnie. Rysuje także obraz jego skomplikowanych relacji z komunistyczną władzą, pokazując, że wymykają się one jednoznacznym klasyfikacjom i ocenom. Tekst koncentruje się w głównej mierze na przedstawieniach zrealizowanych w tym czasie przez twórcę Reduty: Uciekła mi przepióreczka Stefana Żeromskiego (1945) w Krakowie, Fantazy Juliusza Słowackiego (1945) w Łodzi, Lilla Weneda Słowackiego (1946) i Papuga Kazimierza Korcellego (1946) w Warszawie, wreszcie Fantazy w Krakowie (1946) z ostatnią rolą Osterwy. Na podstawie prasowej recepcji tych spektakli tworzy obraz nadziei i napięć towarzyszących powojennej działalności wybitnego aktora, reżysera i pedagoga w ostatnich latach jego życia. Wspomina także o niezrealizowanych pomysłach, których śmiertelnie chory Osterwa nie zdołał urzeczywistnić.
Emerging Heroes Kitade, Akira; Katz, Kuniko; Ratajczak, Donna
06/2022
eBook
Inspired by seven photographs of WWII refugees in an old album,
the author embarked on a quest to uncover the story behind each
portrait. Had the refugees been rescued by the diplomat Chiune
...Sugihara, who saved thousands of Jews from the Holocaust by
providing Japanese transit visas? Searching for the identities of
the people in the photographs, the author scoured historical
records and interviewed numerous fascinating individuals, including
Sugihara visa recipients and their descendants. While solving the
mystery of the people in the photographs, the author uncovered more
hero diplomats and new details about Sugihara visas. This account
of the author's investigation supports the legacy of Chiune
Sugihara and highlights other WWII saviors, such as the Dutch
diplomat Jan Zwartendijk.
The first book to present an analysis of Arab response to fascism and Nazism from the perspectives of both individual countries and the Arab world at large, this collection problematizes and ...ultimately deconstructs the established narratives that assume most Arabs supported fascism and Nazism leading up to and during World War II. Using new source materials taken largely from Arab memoirs, archives, and print media, the articles reexamine Egyptian, Syrian, Lebanese, Palestinian, and Iraqi responses in the 1930s and throughout the war.While acknowledging the individuals, forces, and organizations that did support and collaborate with Nazi Germany and fascist Italy, Arab Responses to Fascism and Nazism focuses on the many other Arab voices that identified with Britain and France and with the Allied cause during the war. The authors argue that many groups within Arab societies—elites and non-elites, governing forces, and civilians—rejected Nazism and fascism as totalitarian, racist, and, most important, as new, more oppressive forms of European imperialism. The essays in this volume argue that, in contrast to prevailing beliefs that Arabs were de facto supporters of Italy and Germany—since "the enemy of my enemy is my friend"—mainstream Arab forces and currents opposed the Axis powers and supported the Allies during the war. They played a significant role in the battles for control over the Middle East.
« La terre, elle, ne ment pas. » Ces mots bien connus, valant slogan de la « Révolution nationale », ont longtemps fait croire que les géographes français avaient trouvé un terreau favorable dans le ...régime de Vichy, comme semblait le montrer sa décision de créer la licence et l’agrégation de géographie. Pourtant, si certains d’entre eux ont bien été proches des structures issues de la défaite française, par idéologie, par autoritarisme institutionnel et technocratique ou encore par opportunisme, d’autres – sans doute plus nombreux – ont été des opposants plus ou moins déclarés et engagés, parfois même d’ardents résistants ou des victimes de l’extrême violence de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Souvent oubliés aujourd’hui, leurs parcours, témoignant de leurs refus d’accepter les idées et la politique de l’occupant et de l’État français, méritent pourtant d’être mieux connus et compris. Ces cas individuels, dans leur diversité, incarnent, chacun à sa manière, une discipline alors beaucoup plus riche et active qu’on ne le pense généralement, où le ruralisme et le régionalisme coexistaient avec des courants de pensée dynamiques développant des logiques de spatialité et de mondialité étrangères à la pensée vichyste ou au nazisme, où les idées les plus controversées (comme la « géopolitique » ou l’« espace vital ») étaient discutées voire déconstruites, où des circulations et des réflexions paradoxalement favorisées par le conflit menaient vers des ailleurs et des exils intérieurs et extérieurs, porteurs d’une modernité fructueuse pour la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Le regard nouveau que portent les auteurs réunis dans ce volume sur cette période de la géographie française et sur ses représentants en Europe et dans le monde permet de l’envisager de manière équilibrée, pour en rectifier la « légende noire », et de dessiner les véritables lignes de force disciplinaires dans ces « années de tourmente », par l’étude détaillée d’itinéraires personnels et collectifs et le recours à de nombreuses archives et sources.
In this unique "history from below, " Destination Elsewhere chronicles encounters between displaced persons in Europe and the Allied agencies who were tasked with caring for them after the Second ...World War. The struggle to define who was a displaced person and who was not was a subject of intense debate and deliberation among humanitarians, international law experts, immigration planners, and governments. What has not adequately been recognized is that displaced persons also actively participated in this emerging refugee conversation. Displaced persons endured war, displacement, and resettlement, but these experiences were not defined by passivity and speechlessness. Instead, they spoke back, creating a dialogue that in turn helped shape the modern idea of the refugee. As Ruth Balint shows, what made a good or convincing story at the time tells us much about the circulation of ideas about the war, the Holocaust, and the Jews. Those stories depict the emerging moral and legal distinction between economic migrants and political refugees. They tell us about the experiences of women and children in the face of new psychological and political interventions into the family. Stories from displaced persons also tell us something about the enduring myth of the new world for people who longed to leave the old. Balint focuses on those persons whose storytelling skills became a major strategy for survival and escape out of the displaced persons' camps and out of the Europe. Their stories are brought to life in Destination Elsewhere, alongside a new history of immigration, statelessness, and the institution of the postwar family.
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