Com o advento do movimento da Nova Gestão Pública, que promoveu mudanças nos modelos de gestão adotados nas organizações públicas do Brasil, os princípios constitucionais da accountability, acabam ...por ganhar relevância dentro das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar de que forma uma instituição de ensino superior promove o princípio constitucional da accountability, no âmbito da transparência. Para isso foi utilizada como técnicas de coletas de dados a análise documental do Relatório de Gestão Anual de uma Universidade Pública Federal, lócus da pesquisa e o Relatório Bianual da Corregedoria, associadas à entrevista com os gestores responsáveis pela elaboração dos referidos documentos. Os principais resultados identificaram deficiências relativas à ausência de gráficos e tabelas que demonstrassem a evolução histórica de indicadores, ausência de links de acesso à normas direcionadoras, ausência de demonstração da influência dos indicadores de risco, de gestão e de ouvidoria nas decisões superiores e nos objetivos estratégicos do órgão, fragilizando assim o atendimento por uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do princípio constitucional da administração pública, em especial a accountability.
En la agenda pública, la figura de los testigos sociales parece perder presencia, es un tema del que poco se conoce y se habla, por lo que bajo es el grado de participación e interés de las personas ...por involucrarse, aunado a que existe poca credibilidad en las instituciones mexicanas, con lo que el panorama de la figura de testigos sociales es poco alentador; por lo que, a partir de esta investigación se pretende identificar las principales deficiencias en el diseño institucional y dotarla a través de la elaboración de una política pública eficaz que permita que la sociedad participe de manera activa, organizada y con el propósito de contribuir a mejorar el quehacer institucional desde el ámbito social.
Society is demanding that its institutions be accountable for more than economic performance. However, much research in the social and environmental accounting (SEA) literature suggests that an ...increased level of reporting has not prompted the anticipated increased levels of accountability. Accountability is limited by what is disclosed, and what is disclosed is limited by the extant accounting system (accounting-based accountability). Most current attempts at improving social and environmental accountability by increasing disclosure reflect, at best, incremental changes to the traditional accounting system, a system that has been explicitly designed to meet the needs of financial capital providers. Alternatively, we propose that accounting systems be designed to address specific requirements of alternative accountability systems (accountability-based accounting), and the accountability system requirements should reflect the salient evaluation criteria of the interested constituencies. We propose critical dialogic accountability as a way to conceptualize accountability systems in a pluralistic society characterized by multiple, and often conflicting, interests. We present a definition of accountability that illustrates its complexity, recognizes the salience of power for operative accountability relationships and can be applied both descriptively and normatively, providing a framework for assisting in the specification of the accountability systems and responsibility networks of various interest groups. We discuss some implications for both researchers and practitioners associated with SEA endeavors, concluding with a call for imagining box-breaking accountings that extend the conventional boundaries of the SEA field.
Background“Health in all policies (HiAP) is an approach to public policies across sectors that systematically takes into account the health and health systems implications of decisions, seeks ...synergies and avoids harmful health impacts, in order to improve population health and health equity” (Health in all policies – Seizing opportunities, implementing policies. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2013).Description of the problemDrawing from the HiAP approach, a “safety in all policies” (SiAP) framework could help integrating safety into sectoral policies, such as those of transport, infrastructure, housing, leisure, entertainment, sport, justice, education, labour, social services and industry. This calls for “whole-of-government” and “whole-of-society” approaches, as well as for “system approaches”. Through these, safety could become a key component of sectoral performance, and contribute to increasing efficiency, enhancing sectoral performance, reducing inequalities and preventable loss. SiAP entails ownership and accountability for safety by relevant sectors, and promotes a shift towards a proactive identification and management of risks. It could also promote new partnerships between the safety community and different sectors, benefiting from an evidence-based public health approach to safety.ResultsWith several of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including targets related to safety, SiAP may support the attainment of the SDGs. On the other side, the SDGs provide additional legitimacy and facilitate the implementation of SiAP by placing safety targets squarely within relevant policy domains.ConclusionsSiAP requires a cultural shift, and the development of a robust understanding and appreciation of the long-term health, developmental and economic benefits offered by integrating safety in sectoral policies. It may also require changes to institutional accountability frameworks and to how sectoral performance gets appraised.
Why do governance reforms in developing democracies so often fail, and when might they succeed? When Democracies Deliver offers a dynamic framework for assessing the effectiveness and durability of ...policy change. Drawing on detailed analyses of public sector reforms in Brazil and Argentina, this book challenges conventional wisdom to reveal that incremental changes sequenced over time prove more effective in promoting accountability, increasing transparency, and strengthening institutions than comprehensive overhauls pushed through by political will. Developing an innovative theory that integrates cognitive-psychological insights about decision making with research on institutional change, Katherine Bersch shows how political and organizational factors can shape reform strategies and information processing. Through extensive interviews and field research, Bersch traces how two competing strategies have determined the different trajectories of institutions responsible for government contracting in health care and transportation. When Democracies Deliver offers a fresh insight on the perils of powering and the benefits of gradual reform.
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