The article explores the dynamic development of atypical forms
of employment in the country and its impact on the Ukrainian labor
market. The study highlights the need to create institutional and ...legal
regulation of the latest forms of employment. This approach will
facilitate the use of the positive aspects of atypical employment
(adaptability, flexibility, the possibility of combining work and
personal life, and others). The result of the reform of labor legislation
in Ukraine should be the introduction of the latest forms of
employment, establishing social dialogue, as well as increasing social
guarantees for workers of atypical forms of employment to European
labor standards.
El artículo explora el desarrollo dinámico de formas atípicas de
empleo en el país y su impacto en el mercado laboral ucraniano. El
estudio destaca la necesidad de crear una regulación institucional y
legal de las últimas formas de empleo. Este enfoque facilitará el uso de
los aspectos positivos del empleo atípico (adaptabilidad, flexibilidad,
la posibilidad de combinar la vida laboral y personal, y otros). El
resultado de la reforma de la legislación laboral en Ucrania debería ser
la introducción de las últimas formas de empleo, el establecimiento de
un diálogo social y el aumento de las garantías sociales para los
trabajadores de formas atípicas de empleo según las normas laborales
europeas.
Today, there is a widespread suggestion that permanent workers are increasingly subject to precarious working conditions. Due to international competition and declining union density, job qualities ...of permanent workers are assumed to be under strain. According to proponents of a democratization of risk rationale, low job qualities that were traditionally attached to secondary labour markets are transferred to workers in primary segments of the labour market. In this study, the authors test this theoretical rationale among workers in 11 Western European economies, using two waves of the European Working Conditions Survey. The results do not confirm a democratization of labour market risk. Lower job qualities are highly associated with flexible employment contracts and highlight a clear gap between insiders and outsiders.
It is well known that German and Spanish labour markets are quite different from a macro point of view. In this paper, we look at these markets through the lenses of individual unstable spells. These ...include all forms of atypical employment (such as temporary contracts and mini-jobs) as well as unemployment. This combined unstable state captures a fuller picture of the individual experience of volatile income and uncertain employment status than unemployment alone. We find that the survival rates of unstable spells in the two countries are much more similar than those from unemployment. This suggests that the usual focus on unemployment stocks and durations exaggerates the contrast between the two countries in terms of workers' experience of instability. We place these findings in the context of very similar aggregate shocks in the two countries and different policy choices on labour market reforms.
Atypical work, i.e. part-time and fixed term employment, has become the new norm in many industrialised countries. Welfare states, however, were traditionally designed to accommodate the needs of ...standard workers in manufacturing. This study examines to what extent welfare states have adapted to the proliferation of atypical work in the period of 1990 to 2008. Since the rise of atypical work is closely related to deindustrialisation and an increasing role of services in developed economies, the study also deals with the question how the specific design of welfare schemes has incentivised growth or stagnation of various service sectors.
Since the 1980s, in West Germany has been a substantial decline in the number of people of working age who are not in paid employment. Accordingly, the share of 18- to 67-year-olds without a job has ...also fallen. This increase in employment figures primarily benefited those in marginal employment or solo entrepreneurs and had less of an impact on those in typical employment. In fact, the present analysis based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), shows that there has been no decline in the share of those of working age who are in typical employment. However, individuals in atypical employment are exposed to some very specific risks. There are various possible measures that may help counteract this type of employment, including abolishing the special legislation on "mini-jobs" (salary of up to 450 euros per month), expanding childcare options, and introducing mandatory retirement and accident insurance for the uninsured self-employed.
Frutto di ricerche svolte in diversi Paesi europei, questo libro analizza il fenomeno del posting of workers in un’ottica internazionale e interdisciplinare, con particolare attenzione alle ...condizioni di lavoro, salute e sicurezza, alle questioni normative, agli illeciti, alle violazioni dei diritti dei lavoratori in distacco transnazionale. Da questa disamina ricca di documentazione, il posting of workers emerge come una nuova frontiera della svalorizzazione del lavoro, che estremizza tendenze caratteristiche delle trasformazioni del lavoro avvenute negli ultimi decenni a scala globale, in primis la precarizzazione e il dumping sociale.
The basic objective of the research was to map the employment forms made use of in the small and medium enterprises operating in the Nitra region, with an emphasis on so called atypical employment ...forms which provides new possibilities for small and medium-sized enterprises; they introduce the possibility to reduce social contribution costs. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 513 randomly selected and addressed SMEs and 320 fully completed questionnaire forms served as the basis for a data analysis. The data collection was carried out in the first half of the year 2017. The atypical employment forms are applied not only in enterprises operating in the agricultural sector but also in other economy sectors. Micro enterprises use atypical employment patterns mainly when it comes to their active workforce, which fact is not surprising when considering the general characteristics of the enterprises included in this group.
A fixed-term employment contract is an example of atypical or non-standard employment. Fixed-term appointments can have many benefits when utilised for proper and lawful reasons. These contracts are ...frequently abused, however, by unscrupulous employers and are generally regarded as providing less security to employees than permanent employment. The article considers the general use of fixed-term contracts and addresses selected issues pertaining to the 2014 amendments to the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 in as far as these contracts are concerned. The article also considers the potential effect these amendments might have on common historic problems associated with fixed-term contracts and highlights certain unresolved problem areas and uncertainties.
Employment protections are currently being targeted by European policy makers seeking solutions to persistently high levels of unemployment and weak economic growth. This article argues that labour ...market deregulation is unlikely to usher in a period of renewed growth in good quality jobs. The findings point to the important role of employment protections in stemming job losses in the initial stages of the economic crisis that began in 2008, although protections have not prevented subsequent heavy job losses in the most distressed economies. The study also finds that involuntary participation in non-standard employment has increased since the crisis and shows that this has resulted in an increased risk of in-work poverty.
In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse der Tätigkeit der VÖB-Arbeitsgruppe „Prekäre Arbeitsverhältnisse im Bibliothekswesen“ von 2016–2018 präsentiert. Hervorgegangen aus einer Bottom-Up-Initiative, ...welche in einer Podiums- und Publikumsdiskussion beim Österreichischen Bibliothekartag in Wien 2015 mündete, wurde vom VÖB-Präsidium eine offene Arbeitsgruppe ins Leben gerufen. Der Schwerpunkt der AG-Arbeit lag auf der Ausarbeitung einer umfassenden Erhebung zur Arbeitssituation bei BibliothekarInnen in Österreich. Die Ergebnisse der von Gallup durchgeführten Online-Umfrage, an der sich mehr als 600 Kolleginnen und Kollegen beteiligten, werden in Auszügen vorgestellt und kommentiert. Erste Überlegungen zu möglichen Maßnahmen, um atypische/als prekär erlebte Arbeitsverhältnisse zu verbessern, bilden den Abschluss der Tätigkeit der Arbeitsgruppe
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