The combination of microwave heating and ultrasound irradiation has been successfully exploited in applied chemistry. Besides saving energy, these green techniques promote faster and more selective ...transformations. The aim of this review is to provide a practical overview of the complimentary and synergistic effects generated by the combination of microwaves and either ultrasound or hydrodynamic cavitation. This will begin with a brief history, as we outline pioneering achievements, and will also update the reader on recent developments. Such hyphenated techniques are able to offer reliable and efficient protocols for basic chemistry, organic and inorganic synthesis as well as processing. The development of dedicated hybrid reactors has helped scientists to find solutions to new synthetic challenges in the preparation of nanomaterials and new green catalysts. This research topic falls within the confines of process intensification as it facilitates the design of substantially cleaner, safer and more energy efficient technologies and chemical processes.
The aim of the article is to form system concepts for assessing the intellectual potential of enterprises in modern economic conditions. According to the results of the carried out study, it is found ...that in today’s dynamic-transformational conditions, where one technology quickly displaces another, and products and services lose their relevance in a short period of time, only those enterprises that constantly produce new knowledge and implement it in new technologies and products achieve success. The most valuable asset in this process is the intellectual potential of enterprises, allowing them to form strong competitive advantages in the changing market of commodity competition and adapt to future competitive changes. Assessment of the intellectual potential of an enterprise is important for measuring its capabilities and determining vector directions for further improvement. The intellectual potential of the enterprise forms the strengths of the enterprise and produces innovative solutions to reduce the level of weaknesses, creates the basis for making sound management decisions and implementing the necessary measures to improve the overall efficiency of enterprise development. An assessment of intellectual potential can help in identifying areas where investment in human capital development, technology, and innovation can be made. By assessing the intellectual potential of an enterprise, management can develop strategies for using its intellectual assets and gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that for a thorough and detailed assessment in order to effectively use the intellectual potential, it is necessary to consider other methods and approaches that exist in various forms of systems for assessing the potential of enterprise. In scientific research, as a rule, three main approaches to evaluation are considered: cost, performance, and comparative. Since these approaches were used in the assessment of intellectual capital, intellectual property rights and various forms of enterprise potential (including labor potential), it is appropriate and scientifically correct to consider them when assessing the corresponding intellectual potential.
The analysis of microcirculation images has the potential to reveal early signs of life-threatening diseases such as sepsis. Quantifying the capillary density and the capillary distribution in ...microcirculation images can be used as a biological marker to assist critically ill patients. The quantification of these biological markers is labor intensive, time consuming, and subject to interobserver variability. Several computer vision techniques with varying performance can be used to automate the analysis of these microcirculation images in light of the stated challenges. In this paper, we present a survey of over 50 research papers and present the most relevant and promising computer vision algorithms to automate the analysis of microcirculation images. Furthermore, we present a survey of the methods currently used by other researchers to automate the analysis of microcirculation images. This survey is of high clinical relevance because it acts as a guidebook of techniques for other researchers to develop their microcirculation analysis systems and algorithms.
The analysis of microcirculation images has the potential to reveal early signs of life-threatening diseases. Quantifying the capillary distribution in microcirculation images can be used as a biological marker to assist patients. The quantification of these biological markers is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and subject to interobserver variability. Moreover, manual analysis has been reported to hinder the application of microvascular microscopy in a clinical environment. Several computer vision techniques with varying performances can be used to automate the analysis of these microcirculation images. Computer vision algorithms are faster than convolutional neural networks for capillary detection but have poorer accuracy. Convolutional neural networks are more accurate but slower and require many training data. Therefore, by creating a hybrid model combining both computer vision algorithms and convolutional neural networks, one can strike a balance between accuracy and speed.
The quantification of capillaries in microcirculation images can potentially reveal life-threatening diseases. The quantification of these biological markers is labor intensive, time consuming, and subject to interobserver variability. Several computer vision techniques with varying performances can be used to automate the analysis of these microcirculation images to bring microcirculation analysis closer to clinical practice.
March 5, 2020, President of Russia V.V. Putin approved the Basic Principles of Russian Federation State Policy in the Arctic to 2035. It is a strategic planning document aimed at ensuring the ...national security of the Russian Federation and designed to protect Russia’s interests in the Arctic. It defines goals, directions, tasks, as well as mechanisms for implementing Russian policy in the Arctic for the next 15 years. The authors analyzed the implementation results of the Basic Principles of Russia’s State Policy in the Arctic until 2020 and further perspectives. The article provides a general outline of the Basic Principles of Russian Federation State Policy in the Arctic to 2035. The authors focus on the analysis of the leading national security challenges in the Arctic and enhancing integrated security of the fuel and energy complex, as well as the main directions of the implementation of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic. They are the protection of the population and territories of the Arctic zone from natural and human-made emergencies, enhancing national security in the Arctic zone, ensuring the military security of the Russian Federation, and protection of the state border of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that the comprehensive implementation of the Basic Principles will contribute to improving the quality of life of people in the Arctic zone, socio-economic development of the country, and increasing its defense capability in the Arctic.
The positive-feedback-based anti-islanding schemes invented by the authors are highly effective in preventing islanding without causing any degradation in power quality. This paper presents the basic ...principles of these schemes and their design guidelines. Moreover, their performance is investigated for inverter-based distributed generators (DGs). The parametric study reveals the factors significantly influencing the performance of these schemes. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of these schemes.
In order to promote the construction of digital geo-spatial framework in China and accelerate the construction of informatization mapping system, three-dimensional geographic information model ...emerged. The three-dimensional geographic information model based on oblique photogrammetry technology has higher accuracy, shorter period and lower cost than traditional methods, and can more directly reflect the elevation, position and appearance of the features. At this stage, the technology of producing three-dimensional geographic information models based on oblique photogrammetry technology is rapidly developing. The market demand and model results have been emerged in a large amount, and the related quality inspection needs are also getting larger and larger. Through the study of relevant literature, it is found that there are a lot of researches on the basic principles and technical characteristics of this technology, and relatively few studies on quality inspection and analysis. On the basis of summarizing the basic principle and technical characteristics of oblique photogrammetry technology, this paper introduces the inspection contents and inspection methods of three-dimensional geographic information model based on oblique photogrammetry technology. Combined with the actual inspection work, this paper summarizes the quality problems of three-dimensional geographic information model based on oblique photogrammetry technology, analyzes the causes of the problems and puts forward the quality control measures. It provides technical guidance for the quality inspection of three-dimensional geographic information model data products based on oblique photogrammetry technology in China and provides technical support for the vigorous development of three-dimensional geographic information model based on oblique photogrammetry technology.
В статье рассмотрены (по мере важности) основные принципы, на которых основан верлибр У. Уитмена, которого называют новатором верлибра и реформатором стиха. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы ...показать, что ориентация на эти принципы позволит, во-первых, судить об их практической пользе при переводе, а во-вторых, оценить границы точности, достигнутые некоторыми известными отечественными переводчиками, по времени разноудаленными от эпохи У. Уитмена. Новизна исследования, которое предполагает опору на основы сравнительного литературоведения, определяется тем, что в нем рассматриваются переводы из У. Уитмена, выполненные К. Бальмонтом, К. Чуковским, А. Сергеевым и В. Британишским, на предмет сохранения в них уитменовского параллелизма («ритма мысли»), в т. ч. конвертной композиции, фонетических повторов, а также каталогов и образной системы.
This article systematically investigates the technology licensing by Stanford University. We analyzed all the inventions marketed by Stanford’s Office of Technology Licensing (OTL) between 1970 to ...2020, with 4,512 inventions from 6,557 inventors. We quantified how the innovation landscape at Stanford changed over time and examined factors that correlate with commercial success. We found that the most profitable inventions are predominantly licensed by inventors’ own startups, inventions have involved larger teams over time, and the proportion of female inventors has tripled over the past 25 years. We also identified linguistic features in how the inventors and OTL describe the inventions that significantly correlate with the invention’s future revenue. Interestingly, inventions with more adjectives in their abstracts have worse net income. Our study opens up a new perspective for analyzing the translation of research into practice and commercialization using large-scale computational and linguistics analysis.
•Computational analysis of 4,512 inventions marketed by Stanford OTL since 1970•Most profitable inventions are predominantly licensed by inventors’ own startups•Inventions involved larger teams over time•Marketing abstracts predict future revenue of inventions
Universities play an increasingly central role in research innovations and commercialization that drive technological development and economic growth. However, in-depth data science analysis of university technology transfer is underexplored in literature because the relevant data is often unavailable. To address this gap, we collaborated with the Stanford University Office of Technology Licensing (OTL) to curate a comprehensive dataset of all 4,512 inventions marketed by the OTL between 1970 to 2020. We have detailed information about each invention together with its generated revenue and cost, which critically captures outcomes missing in previous works. Examples of technologies licensed from Stanford include PageRank, recombinant DNA, and music synthesizers. Our study opens up a new perspective for analyzing the translation of research into practice and commercialization using large-scale computational and linguistics analysis.
Computational analysis of 4,512 inventions marketed by Stanford’s Office of Technology Licensing between 1970 and 2020 characterizes how the academic innovation landscape has changed over time. We identified factors, such as the composition of the inventors, associated with the commercial success of the inventions. We also identified linguistic differences in how high- and low-revenue inventions in the same field are described and marketed.
Mitsuru Uchiyama, former representative director of the Council on Pharmacists Credentials (CPC), passed away in June 2019. He became president of the Japan Pharmacist Training Center (JPEC), which ...supports and promotes continuing education (CE), and later became the representative director of the newly established independent evaluation agency, CPC, which evaluates and accredits pharmacist certification programs. He explained the necessity of CE and credentials, which are objective proof of the results of CE, and made a great contribution to the development of CE.Purpose: This paper reviews the history of CE for pharmacists in Japan, “in memory of Mitsuru Uchiyama, Ph.D.,” and examines the background and issues leading up to the current situation today.Method: Information on CE for pharmacists and various certification programs are investigated using websites, books, and other materials.Results: The CE for pharmacists in Japan began systematically in 1989 with the establishment of JPEC. CE programs were started in 1994, special training programs were introduced in 1998, and pharmacy specialties programs were added in 2005. After that, based on the needs expressed from the medical side, many academic and professional pharmaceutical organizations have created special training and pharmacy specialties programs in various fields. Currently, the number of programs exceeds 30. CPC, established in 2004, has evaluated and accredits pharmacist credentialing programs that meet the evaluation criteria. To date, it has certified 32 programs, mainly CE programs. Uchiyama carried 70 columns, which can be calledthe “CE theory” on a website, and made it a message to pharmacists.Conclusion: The CE for pharmacists is developing steadily, but there are several problems. Special training and pharmacy specialties programs have issues regarding the level and uniformity of programs, and independent evaluation is required. The number of credentials in CE programs has increased rapidly in recent years in connection with medical fees. There is a tendency to easily obtain credentials in some pharmacists, so correction is necessary. It is hoped that we pharmacists will learn from the messages left by Uchiyama, such as the basic principles of CE, and utilize them in our own CE.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful tool to assist daily clinical diagnostics. This review is intended to give an overview on basic principles of the technology, discuss some of its ...technical aspects, and present typical applications in daily clinical routine in neuroradiology.
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