Biometric identification and registration systems are being proposed by governments and businesses across the world. Surprisingly they are under most rapid, and systematic, development in countries ...in Africa and Asia. In this groundbreaking book Keith Breckenridge traces how the origins of the systems being developed in places like India, Mexico, Nigeria and Ghana can be found in a century-long history of biometric government in South Africa, with the South African experience of centralized fingerprint identification unparalleled in its chronological depth and demographic scope. He shows how empire, and particularly the triangular relationship between India, the Witwatersrand and Britain, established the special South African obsession with biometric government, and shaped the international politics that developed around it for the length of the twentieth century. He also examines the political effects of biometric registration systems, revealing their consequences for the basic workings of the institutions of democracy and authoritarianism.
Patient verification by unique identification is an important procedure in health care settings. Risks to patient safety occur throughout health care settings by failure to correctly identify ...patients, resulting in the incorrect patient, incorrect site procedure, incorrect medication, and other errors. To avoid medical malpractice, radio-frequency identification (RFID), fingerprint scanners, iris scanners, and other technologies have been implemented in care settings. The drawbacks of these technologies include the possibility to lose the RFID bracelet, infection transmission, and impracticality when the patient is unconscious.
The purpose of this study was to develop a mobile health app for patient identification to overcome the limitations of current patient identification alternatives. The development of this app is expected to provide an easy-to-use alternative method for patient identification.
We have developed a facial recognition mobile app for improved patient verification. As an evaluation purpose, a total of 62 pediatric patients, including both outpatient and inpatient, were registered for the facial recognition test and tracked throughout the facilities for patient verification purpose.
The app was developed to contain 5 main parts: registration, medical records, examinations, prescriptions, and appointments. Among 62 patients, 30 were outpatients visiting plastic surgery department and 32 were inpatients reserved for surgery. Whether patients were under anesthesia or unconscious, facial recognition verified all patients with 99% accuracy even after a surgery.
It is possible to correctly identify both outpatients and inpatients and also reduce the unnecessary cost of patient verification by using the mobile facial recognition app with great accuracy. Our mobile app can provide valuable aid to patient verification, including when the patient is unconscious, as an alternative identification method.
Since the 1960s, a significant effort has been underway to program computers to see the human face to develop automated systems for identifying faces and distinguishing them from one ...another--commonly known as Facial Recognition Technology. While computer scientists are developing FRT in order to design more intelligent and interactive machines, businesses and states agencies view the technology as uniquely suited for smart surveillance - systems that automate the labor of monitoring in order to increase their efficacy and spread their reach.Tracking this technological pursuit, Our Biometric Future identifies FRT as a prime example of the failed technocratic approach to governance, where new technologies are pursued as shortsighted solutions to complex social problems. Culling news stories, press releases, policy statements, PR kits and other materials, Kelly Gates provides evidence that, instead of providing more security for more people, the pursuit of FRT is being driven by the priorities of corporations, law enforcement and state security agencies, all convinced of the technology's necessity and unhindered by its complicated and potentially destructive social consequences. By focusing on the politics of developing and deploying these technologies, Our Biometric Future argues not for the inevitability of a particular technological future, but for its profound contingency and contestability.
Solving the problem of matching people across non-overlapping multi-camera views, known as person re-identification (re-id), has received increasing interests in computer vision. In a real-world ...application scenario, a watch-list (gallery set) of a handful of known target people are provided with very few (in many cases only a single) image(s) (shots) per target. Existing re-id methods are largely unsuitable to address this open-world re-id challenge because they are designed for (1) a closed-world scenario where the gallery and probe sets are assumed to contain exactly the same people, (2) person-wise identification whereby the model attempts to verify exhaustively against each individual in the gallery set, and (3) learning a matching model using multi-shots. In this paper, a novel transfer local relative distance comparison (t-LRDC) model is formulated to address the open-world person re-identification problem by one-shot group-based verification. The model is designed to mine and transfer useful information from a labelled open-world non-target dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms both non-transfer learning and existing transfer learning based re-id methods.
Interest in detecting the psychophysical state of a person according to various biometric data (KGR, pupillography and profiling, etc.) is becoming more widespread every year. The most statistically ...reliable and resistant to counterfeiting systems are the identification of a person by the iris and face. Biometric identification systems can be combined. This paper presents proposals for improving the existing systems of recognition of the psychophysical state of a person.
Interest in detecting the psychophysical state of a person according to various biometric data (KGR, pupillography and profiling, etc.) is becoming more widespread every year. The most statistically ...reliable and resistant to counterfeiting systems are the identification of a person by the iris and face. Biometric identification systems can be combined. This paper presents proposals for improving the existing systems of recognition of the psychophysical state of a person.
...DNA-profiling technology can be used in conjunction with other tools for biometric identification - and alongside the analysis of many other types of personal data, including an individual's ...posting behaviour on social networks. The 2017 EU directive on non-financial reporting (named 2014/95) has mandated that large companies listed on stock markets document their social and environmental impacts in their annual reports for shareholders and the public. Since 2017, France's corporate 'duty of vigilance' law has required all French companies employing more than 5,000 people in the country to actively monitor their impacts on human rights, the environment and so on (see go.nature. com/2o8tcvn). ...the scientific community in general - and publishers in particular - need to unequivocally affirm that the Declaration of Helsinki (a set of ethical principles regarding human experimentation, developed for the medical community) applies to all biometric identification research (see go.nature. com/34bypbf). The Orlando Police Department obtained a warrant that allowed it to search the entire DNA database of the GEDMatch genealogy website, based in Lake Worth, Florida. Because consumer-genomics companies already hold DNA data for an estimated 5% of the US population, unfettered access to these data by law-enforcement agencies would simply spell the end ofgenetic privacy in the United States.
We report a parallel lensless compressive imaging system, which enjoys real-time reconstruction using deep convolutional neural networks. A prototype composed of a low-cost LCD, 16 photo-diodes and ...isolation chambers, has been built. Each of these 16 channels captures a fraction of the scene with 16×16 pixels and they are performing in parallel. An efficient inversion algorithm based on deep convolutional neural networks is developed to reconstruct the image. We have demonstrated encouraging results using only 2% (relative to pixel numbers, e.g. 5 for a block with 16×16 pixels) measurements per sensor for digits and around 10% measurements per sensor for facial images.
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