An accurate understanding of the effect of energy efficiency policies is a key to achieving national goals. This study aims to analyze the effects of building energy efficiency certificates (BEEC) ...using the data on 222,813 non-residential buildings in the Korea national building energy database. First, the actual source energy use intensities (EUIs) were compared with the simulated source EUIs of certified buildings. The actual source EUIs were larger than the simulated source EUIs, and the difference became greater as BEEC level rose. For instance, the gap was 15.5% in buildings with BEEC level 2 in the central region, whereas it was 63.0% in buildings with BEEC level 1++. Second, the source EUIs of certified and non-certified buildings were then compared, revealing that the source EUI for heating energy of certified buildings was 33.8% to 58.1% smaller than that of non-certified buildings. This suggests that BEEC contributes greatly to reducing heating energy usage. However, the source EUI for baseload and cooling energy consumption was larger in buildings with BEEC level 1 and 2 than in non-certified buildings. The result shows that a significant amount of energy that cannot be taken into account in the scope of BEEC is being used in non-residential buildings. Nevertheless, there was an apparent decrease in the source EUI for the certified buildings with BEEC level 1 + or higher. This indicates that in buildings with BEEC level 1 + or higher, energy saving technologies offset the increased baseload and cooling energy and are effective at reducing energy consumption. This in turn suggests that it is appropriate for the government’s plan to require all buildings with a gross floor area of more than 1000 m2 to obtain a BEEC level of 1++ or higher from 2025.
This paper investigates the statistical estimation of a discrete mixing measure μ 0 involved in a kernel mixture model. Using some recent advances in ℓ 1 -regularization over the space of measures, ...we introduce a "data fitting and regularization" convex program for estimating μ 0 in a grid-less manner from a sample of mixture law, this method is referred to as Beurling-LASSO. Our contribution is two-fold: we derive a lower bound on the bandwidth of our data fitting term depending only on the support of μ 0 and its so-called "minimum separation" to ensure quantitative support localization error bounds; and under a so-called "nondegenerate source condition" we derive a nonasymptotic support stability property. This latter shows that for a sufficiently large sample size n, our estimator has exactly as many weighted Dirac masses as the target μ 0 , converging in amplitude and localization towards the true ones. Finally, we also introduce some tractable algorithms for solving this convex program based on "Sliding Frank–Wolfe" or "Conic Particle Gradient Descent". Statistical performances of this estimator are investigated designing a so-called "dual certificate", which is appropriate to our setting. Some classical situations as, for example, mixtures of super-smooth distributions (see, e.g., Gaussian distributions) or ordinary-smooth distributions (see, e.g., Laplace distributions), are discussed at the end of the paper.
Urban building energy models (UBEMs) are considered as applicable tools for urban energy planning. Model developers use different strategies to simulate urban building energy use appropriately, and ...yet they are often doing so in the absence of high-quality data. While data collection is challenging in many cases, in Sweden, the availability of national databases is relatively good and is expected to facilitate the modeling procedure considerably. This study aims to develop, calibrate and validate an UBEM using available national data, including GIS-based property maps and energy performance certificates (EPCs). The developed UBEM offers an automated framework for constructing simple building-level models from open data and conducting energy simulations in EnergyPlus. The developed UBEM was calibrated and validated for two case study cities in Sweden, Borlänge and Uppsala, where the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between simulated results and EPC data was 26% and 22%, respectively. Furthermore, a downward trend was observed in the MAPE with increasing spatial aggregation from building to district and city levels (from 26% to 21% and 10%), which highlights the performance of the UBEM in this study to support accurate urban-scale energy analyses for buildings.
•An UBEM from open GIS and EPC data was developed.•Using EPC data, the UBEM was calibrated and validated.•The MAPE of the UBEM was 26% and 10% on the building level and city level.
Objectives/Hypothesis
To investigate contemporary issues facing practicing otolaryngologists including workforce dynamics, ancillary service modeling, otolaryngic allergy integration, ambulatory ...surgery center utilization, and relevant certificate of need legislation.
Study Design
A cross‐sectional survey analysis of academic and private practicing otolaryngologists in North and South Carolina in 2016.
Methods
A cross‐sectional survey was e‐mailed to 510 practicing otolaryngologists in North and South Carolina.
Results
A 21.3% survey response rate was achieved. Otolaryngology workforce was defined by horizontal aggregation of otolaryngologists into larger group models, with fewer solo practitioners being replaced by younger otolaryngologists or employing otolaryngology extenders. Excluding academic practice, few otolaryngologists have chosen direct hospital employment as a career option, although otolaryngologists with fewer years of practice are pursuing that option with greater frequency. Ancillary services showed audiology and hearing aid services being the most common, followed by otolaryngic allergy, point‐of‐service computed tomography, and ultrasound. Although otolaryngologists tend to avoid vertical integration, ambulatory surgery center (ASC) ownership trends favor a joint venture model with a hospital system partner. Most otolaryngologists favor changes to certificate of need legislation to improve patient access to these lower‐cost facilities, regardless of whether they currently utilize or have access to an ASC.
Conclusions
Otolaryngology is uniquely positioned to adapt and respond to current paradigm shifts within ambulatory medicine. Further analysis is needed to prepare current and future otolaryngologists for the demands and opportunities these challenges pose as patient‐centered care models and consumer dynamics shape future patient expectations and utilization of healthcare.
Level of Evidence
5. Laryngoscope, 2490–2499, 2018
Background
Epidemiological data on fatal anaphylaxis are underestimated worldwide. Few Italian data do exist. The aims of the study are to determine the anaphylaxis mortality rate in Italy and its ...associations with demographic characteristics (gender, age, and geographical distribution), and to investigate which are the most common triggers of fatal anaphylaxis.
Material and methods
This is a descriptive study analyzing data reported to the National Register of Causes of Death database and managed by the Italian National Institute of Statistics for the years 2004‐2016. An analytical method was developed to identify all the ICD‐10 codes related to anaphylaxis deaths, which were divided into two classes: “Definite anaphylaxis deaths” and “Possible anaphylaxis deaths.”
Results
From 2004 through 2016, 392 definite anaphylaxis deaths and 220 possible anaphylaxis deaths were recorded. The average mortality rate for definite anaphylaxis, from 2004 to 2016, was 0.51 per million population per year. Definite fatal anaphylaxis was mostly due to the use of medications (73.7%), followed by unspecified causes (20.7%) and hymenoptera stings (5.6%). Concerning possible anaphylaxis deaths, the most common cause was venom‐stinging insect (51.4%). We did not find any data on food fatal anaphylaxis. Unspecified anaphylaxis accounted for 21%‐28% of all cases, underlining the difficulty in accurately ascertaining the causes of fatal anaphylaxis and therefore in assigning the proper ICD‐10 code.
Conclusion
This is the first study of anaphylaxis‐related mortality coming from an official database of the whole Italian population. However, the actual number of deaths by anaphylaxis, and their related triggers, is probably underreported, mostly due to limitations of the current recording system, and to a poor allergy education. Corrective actions should be undertaken for the benefit of the Health System.
The data reported to the National Register of Causes of Death database (2004‐2016) were analyzed identifying the ICD‐10 codes related to anaphylaxis, divided into “Definite” and “Possible.” The average mortality rate was 0.51 million population/year for definite anaphylaxis, 0.29 for possible, and 0.79 for combined cases. The triggers of definite anaphylaxis were medications (73.7%), unspecified causes (20.7%), and hymenoptera stings (5.6%).
In order to simplify certificate management in traditional public key cryptography and solve the key escrow problem in identity-based cryptography, the notion of certificate-based cryptography was ...introduced. Recently, Ming and Wang proposed a certificate-based signature scheme without pairings. They claimed that the scheme was existentially unforgeable against adaptive chosen message and identity attacks in the random oracle. In this paper, we show that the scheme is insecure against a malicious certifier under existing security model. We also propose a new efficient certificate-based signature scheme without pairings, which is proven secure in the random oracle model. Compared with the existed certificate-based signature schemes without parings, our scheme enjoys shorter signature length and less operation cost.
European Certificate of Succession Maricica Tudose; Carmen Ion
Journal of Danubian studies and research,
10/2021, Volume:
11, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
The approach aims at familiarizing readers with knowledge of the European Certificate of Heir. As part of our scientific approach, we have sought to shed more light on the article chosen by setting ...out the elements of law in matters of inheritance at both national and European level. Here, in the context of globalization and the dynamics of private international law relations, particularly in inheritance matters, it is absolutely necessary to develop a legislative framework at European level capable of regulating a legal document with the value and skills of an inheritance certificate. The purpose of the certificate is that it can be used by heirs, binders having direct rights to the inheritance and by executors or managers of inheritance assets who must prove their status in another Member State or exercise this right of inheritance. heir or binder and / or the functions of executor or administrator of the estate. Can be used to prove the status and / or rights of each heir or, where applicable, of each attaché mentioned in the certificate and of the respective shares of the inheritance; the attribution of one or more assets forming part of the inheritance patrimony to the heir / heir or, where applicable, to said link (s) in the certificate; the functions of the person mentioned in the certificate as executor or as administrator of the estate. The results of this research can be used in scientific work.
In body sensor networks, both wearable and implantable biosensors are deployed in a patient body to monitor and collect patient health record information. The health record information is then ...transmitted toward the medical server via a base station for analysis, diagnosis, and treatment by medical experts. Advancement in wireless technology although improves the patient health–monitoring mechanism, but still there are some limitations regarding security, privacy, and efficiency due to open wireless channel and limited resources of body sensor networks. To overcome these limitations, we have proposed an efficient and secure heterogeneous scheme for body sensor networks, in which biosensor nodes use a certificate-less cryptography environment to resolve the key escrow and certificate-management problems, while MS uses a public key infrastructure environment to enhance the scalability of the networks. Furthermore, we design an online/offline signcryption method to overcome the burden on biosensor nodes. We split the signcryption process into two phases: offline phase and online phase. In the offline phase, the major operations are computed without prior knowledge of patient data. While in online phase, the minor operations are computed when patient data are known. Besides, we have used a new hybrid blockchain technology approach for the secure transmission of patient information along with attributes stored in the medical server toward the cloud that provides ease of patient data access remotely from anywhere by the authorized users and data backup in case of medical server failure. Moreover, hybrid blockchain provides advantages of interoperability, transparency traceability, and universal access. The formal security analysis of the proposed scheme is proved in the standard model, and informal security assures that our scheme provides resistance against possible attacks. As compared to other existing schemes, our proposed scheme consumes fewer resources and efficient in terms of processing cost, transmission overhead, and energy consumption.
The use of plant-based meat substitutes is growing globally for nutritional and
environmental reasons. The production of meat-free food in some cases meets the needs of
vegans. It may also help ...and/or simplify meeting religious requirements e.g., halal
products for Muslim consumers. It is interesting to extend the understanding of this meat
substitute from the Islamic religious perspective as Muslim believers are more concerned
about the permissible food/meat which is labelled as halal. This article will report the
analysis of how Islam is expected to address a plant substitute for pork, normally a
prohibited (haram, unlawful) meat. The arguments presented by different scholars and
several existing guidelines related to halal certification from selected Muslim countries
such as Malaysia. If all the materials used in plant-based pork are considered permissible,
concern over halal certification procedures remains a debatable issue. Another concern is
the effect of halal certification on Shariah compliance companies that serve pork plantbased meat. All these concerns are suggested to be addressed by International Fatwa
Bodies, as well as JAKIM as one of the key players in the halal industry.
Energy performance certificates (EPC) aim to provide transparency about building energy performance (BEP) and benchmark buildings. Despite having qualified auditors examining buildings through ...on-site visits, BEP accuracy in EPCs is frequently criticized. Qualified auditors are often bound to engineering-based energy quantification methods. However, recent studies have revealed data-driven methods to be more accurate regarding benchmarking. Unlike engineering methods, data-driven methods can learn from data that non-experts might collect. This raises the question of whether data-driven methods allow for simplified data collection while still achieving the same accuracy as prescribed engineering-based methods. This study presents a method for selecting building variables, which even occupants can reliably collect and which at the same time contribute most to a data-driven method's predictive power. The method is tested and validated in a case study on a real-world data set containing 25,000 German single-family houses. Having all data collected by non-experts, results show that the data-driven method achieves about 35% higher accuracy than the currently used engineering method by qualified auditors. Our study proposes a stepwise method to design data-driven EPCs, outlines design recommendations, and derives policy implications.
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